In November 2023, the seventh National Nucleic Acid Vaccine Conference was held to deeply discuss the immune mechanism, safety risks, advantages, and disadvantages of nucleic acid vaccines, and review the safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines developed by nucleic acid vaccine technology. Some prospectives were formed in the meeting that in the post-pandemic era, nucleic acid vaccine technology will play a role in the following areas: dealing with pathogens that are difficult to be prevented by traditional vaccines, promoting the upgrading of traditional live attenuated vaccines, contributing to the development of multivalent and combined vaccines, and rapid response to emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases. These views point out the direction for the future development of nucleic acid vaccine technology.

Chorioretinal disease has become a significant problem affecting human vision. Abnormal expression of vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF)leads to increased fundus permeability and neovascularization. Vitreous injection of anti-VEGF agents can rapidly inhibit the level of VEGF in the eye and effectively control the development of the disease. At present, anti-VEGF agents are widely administered in ophthalmology. However, studies have shown that intravitreal anti-VEGF agents can reduce plasma VEGF concentration after entering the circulatory system, and the pointless off-target effects of drugs may lead to systemic adverse reactions. For elderly patients, patients with serious comorbidities, lactating women, premature infants and other special populations, attention should be paid to systemic VEGF inhibition after multiple injections. In this paper, in order to provide reference for clinical anti-VEGF therapy, the pharmacokinetics therapy, systemic adverse reactions, contralateral eye effects, and effects of anti-VEGF on breast milk and preterm infants were discussed, and the systemic effects of vitreous injection of anti-VEGF agents were reviewed.

Aim To determine the antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects of the recommended prescription for COVID-2019-lung-spleen qi deficiency(4-1)against in vitro infection of SARS-CoV-2 and common coronaviruses.Methods The main chemical substances of 4-1 were analyzed by LC-MS.The toxicity and antiviral effects of of 4-1 were detected by MTT and by CPE assay, respectively.The viral loads in cell supernatant and the expression of inflammatory factors induced by viral infection were determined by qRT-PCR.Results The recommended prescription 4-1 contained 94 chemical compounds, including flavonoids, steroids, sesquiterpenoids, and so on.The range of selection indexes for SARS-CoV-2 and common coronaviruses was 8.44±0.4952.26±2.3.This prescription could inhibit the proliferation of SARS-CoV-2, the expression of ACE2 and S mRNA, and down regulate IL-1α and CCL-5/RANTES at 10, 5, and 2.5 g•L-1 doses.Further, at doses of 20, 10 and 5 g•L-1, it could inhibit the proliferation of three common coronaviruses and suppress the overexpression of IL-6, CXCL-8/IL-8, CXCL-10/IP-10, TNF-α, IFN-α, CCL-2/MCP-1, MIG and CCL-5/RANTES induced by OC43/229E infection.The inhibitory effects were dose-dependent.Conclusions The prescription 4-1 has antiviral and anti-inflammation effects against multiple coronaviruses.This study provides the research basis for the treatment of common respiratory viral infections and emerging infectious diseases such as COVID-19 by using traditional Chinese medicine.

To investigate the risk factors associated with acute renal failure (ARF) after thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm (TAAA) surgery. A total of 156 patients underwent TAAA repair between January 2009 and December 2017. Renal failure was defined based on the Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes criteria. The patients were divided into ARF group and non-ARF group based on the presence/absence of postoperative ARF. The risk factors of ARF were analyzed by univariate analysis and multivariate logistic analysis. The subjects included 111 males and 45 females aged (40.4±10.9) years (range:19-65 years). The surgical reasons included aortic dissection (=130,83.3%),aneurysm (=22,14.1%),and pseudoaneurysm (=4,2.6%). The degrees of repair included Crawford extent I in 6 patients (3.8%),extent Ⅱ in 128 patients (82.1%),extent Ⅲ in 20 patients (12.8%),and extent Ⅳ in 2 patients(1.3%). There were 3 patients presented with aortic rupture and 6 patients received emergent operations. Nine patients (5.8%) died within 30 days after surgery,and 8 patients (5.1%) suffered from permanent paraplegia. Thirty-six patients (23.1%) had ARF after surgery,and 18 of them needed dialysis. Multivariate logistic analysis showed that smoking ( =2.637,95%=1.113-6.250,=0.028),packed red blood cell usage in operation (≥6 U) ( =5.508,95%=2.144-11.930,=0.000),reoperation for bleeding (=3.529,95%=1.298-9.590,=0.013) were independent risk factors for ARF after TAAA repair. Smoking,packed red blood cell usage in operation (≥6 U),reoperation for bleeding are the independent risk factors of ARF after TAAA surgery.
Acute Kidney Injury ; etiology ; Adult ; Aged ; Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic ; surgery ; Blood Transfusion ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation ; adverse effects ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; Reoperation ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Smoking ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To evaluate the early and midterm results of surgical repair of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm(TAAA)in patients with Marfan syndrome(MFS). Methods The clinical data of patients with MFS undergoing TAAA repair in Fuwai Hospital between January 2009 and December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed.These patients were divided into two groups:MFS group(=58)and non-MFS group(=98).The baseline data,early postoperative results,and midterm follow-up outcomes were compared between these two groups. Results MFS patients were significantly younger(32 years old 45 years old,=9.603,=0.000)and more frequently had a history of aortic aneurysm or dissection(19% 0,=19.996,=0.000)than non-MFS patients.However,the proportions of males and smokers were significantly lower when compared with non-MFS patients(55.2% 80.6%,=11.489,=0.001;13.8% 46.9%,=17.686,=0.001).There was no significant difference in proportion of emergency operation,prophylactic cerebrospinal fluid drainage,operation time,intra-operative circulation management,and intra-operative blood transfusion(all >0.05).The 30-day mortality rate was significantly lower in MFS group than in non-MFS group(0 9.2%, [Formula: see text]=5.034,=0.025). Conclusions For patients with MFS,TAAA repair provides lower 30-day mortality and comparative middle-term survival.However,the re-intervention rate is higher among MFS patients,highlighting the importance of close follow-up.
Adult ; Aneurysm, Dissecting ; Aortic Aneurysm, Thoracic ; complications ; surgery ; Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Marfan Syndrome ; complications ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To analyze the present post setting situation of CDCs in Zhejiang Province, and to provide evidence for further improvement and standardization of post setting. Methods The data of post setting were collected by questionnaires from all levels of CDCs in Zhejiang Province. The compliance and rationality of post setting structure were evaluated by national and provincial normative policy documents. Results Ninety seven CDCs had implemented the post setting. Professional technical posts had the highest proportion (above 80%) among three kinds of posts. As the approved proportions of posts classification and professional titles were approved by the local government, there were differences between different levels of CDCs. The approved proportion of ground skilled posts and management posts between municipal and county CDCs had a relatively higher degree of dispersion, and the CVs of ground skilled posts and management posts of municipal CDCs were 72.3% and 65.6%, and the CVs of county CDCs were 101.6% and 82.1%. In terms of the approved professional titles structural proportion, the degree of dispersion appeared to be higher in senior titles and primary titles approved proportion of municipal CDCs (CV=29.1%, 28.5%), while the degree of dispersion was higher in senior titles and vice-senior titles of county CDCs (CV=58.9%, 21.8%) . Meanwhile, the approved proportions of senior titles in municipal and county CDCs were lower with the averages of 32.2% and 17.0%. The posts of infectious disease prevention and control and laboratory detection were accounting for the majority posts in municipal and county CDCs with average percentages of 47.8% and 45.1% . Conclusion The present situation of post structural proportion meets the relevant requirements generally. However, there are some phenomena of non-standard approved proportion of ground skilled posts and management posts and low senior titles approved proportion. Meanwhile, the percentage of infectious disease prevention and control and laboratory detection posts appears to be lower in county CDCs.

Objective Toanalyzethepersonnelallocationandbasicqualitystructureofmiddle-levelcadresinCDCsof ZhejiangProvince.Methods DatawerecollectedfromthenationalbasicinformationsystemofCDCs.Anddescriptive statistics,chi-square test and Kruskal -Wallis H test were used to analyze the differences of middle -level cadres'personnelallocationandbasicqualityamongthreelevelsofCDCs.Results Theallocationratioofmiddle-levelcadresin management departments was 25.58%,27.32% and 23.58% for provincial level,city level and county level of CDCs respectively,which was 74.42%,72.68% and 76.42% in management departments respectively.There were significant differences in ages,working years,education levels,majors and titles across different levels of CDCs (P<0.05 ).And there were significant differences in education levels across counties with different economic levels (P<0.05 ). Conclusion Thepersonnelallocationofmiddle-levelcadreswithexcellentbasicqualityindifferentlevelsofCDCsin Zhejiang Province was reasonable.

Objective:To explore the association between C reactive protein (CRP) rs2808630 and non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) .Methods:CRP rs2808630 Genotyping of 974 NSCLC patients and 1 005 healthy controls from Shanghai and Taizhou of Jiangsu Province based on double ligation and multiplex fluorescence PCR .The effect of rs2808630 on NSCLC susceptibility was analyzed .Results:Compared with TT genotype ,rs2808630 TC genotype significantly increased NSCLC risk (P=0 .034) ,but this association became insignificant after adjusting with age ,gender ,smoking status ,and family history . However ,in the subgroup of smokers ,TC genotype was significantly associated with increased NSCLC risk after adjustment (OR=1 .329 ,95% CI 1 .017‐1 .736 , P=0 .037) .In addition ,TC genotype exhibited a significantly elevated risk of squamous cell carcinoma (OR=1 .383 ,95% CI 1 .023‐1 .870 ,P=0 .035) .Further stratified analysis revealed that TC genotype posed a much higher risk of squamous cell carcinoma among smokers (OR=1 .479 ,95% CI 1 .058‐2 .067 , P=0 .022) .Conclusions:The interaction between rs2808630 T> C and smoking behavior might play an important role in leading to NSCLC especially squamous cell carcinoma .

AlM: To measure the retinal electrical activities in patients with diabetic retinopathy ( DR ) by applying multifocal electroretinogram ( mf-ERG) and evaluate the degree of visual damage at different stages of DR
METHODS:Thirty cases ( 30 eyes ) aged 50 ~70 years old, excluding other diseases, were as normal group, and 99 cases ( 99 eyes ) diagnosed with type 2 diabetes were as experiment group. The cases received mf-ERG examination in the standard state, respectively. The results were statistically analyzed
RESULTS: For DR patients with early and background stage, the reaction density of mf - ERG P1 wave decreased as the disease worsened, significantly reduced in non - proliferating stage and decreased more significantly in the background of the stage Ⅲ. This showed that in the macula, electrical activity had weakened before the retina without visual or morphological changes, and with the development of the disease, the electrical activity decreased more obviously.
CONCLUSlON:mf-ERG can evaluate the severity of DR, especially suit in the early and background period of DR.