Humans ; Child ; Nasal Bone ; Neurilemmoma/surgery*

Humans ; Consensus ; Hypersensitivity ; Desensitization, Immunologic/adverse effects* ; Immunotherapy/adverse effects* ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Allergens

Objective: Transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were performed on the gene expression of nasal epithelial cells in patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis (AR) and perennial AR, so as to obtain the differences in the gene expression of nasal epithelial cells between seasonal AR and perennial AR. Methods: The human nasal epithelial cell line(HNEpC) was cultured in vitro, treated with 100 μg/ml mugwort or house dust mite (HDM) extracts for 24 hours. Total cell RNA was extracted, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to detect the expression of cytokines, including IL-6, IL-8, IL-33 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP). From November 2019 to November 2020, 3 seasonal AR patients, 3 perennial AR patients, and 3 healthy controls who attended the Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University were analyzed. The patients' primary nasal epithelial cells were cultured in vitro, treated with corresponding allergens for 24 hours. Total RNA was extracted for transcriptome sequencing, and the sequencing results were analyzed by bioinformatics. Results: The qPCR results showed that the cytokines IL-6, IL-8, IL-33 and TSLP of HNEpC treated with mugworts extracts and HDM extracts had the same trend of change. After the nasal epithelial cells from patients with seasonal AR and perennial AR were treated with corresponding allergens, there were differences in biological processes and signal pathways between those and control. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed that the differentially expressed genes (DEG) in AR patients allergic to mugwort were mainly enriched in the oxidation-reduction process, the negative regulation of apoptosis process, and the cell adhesion; the DEG in AR patients allergic to HDM were mainly enriched in cell adhesion, the negative regulation of cell proliferation and the response to drug. Enrichment analysis of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) signaling pathway showed that the DEG of AR patients allergic to mugwort were significantly enriched in arachidonic acid metabolism, p53 signaling pathway and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) signaling pathway, while the DEG of AR patients allergic to HDM were mainly enriched in cells cycle, Fanconi anemia pathway and DNA replication. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) showed that the inflammatory response, TNF-α/NF-κB signaling pathway and IL-2/STAT5 signaling pathway were significantly up-regulated in AR patients allergic to mugwort, indicating the promotion of inflammatory response; and AR patients allergic to HDM had significant down-regulation of G2M, E2F, and MYC, indicating the inhibition of cell proliferation. The protein-protein interaction network showed that TNF and CDK1 were the most interacting proteins in mugwort and HDM allergic AR patients, respectively. Conclusion: Seasonal AR and perennial AR may affect the different biological processes and signal pathways of nasal epithelial cells, leading to differences in the occurrence and development of AR.
Allergens ; Animals ; Computational Biology ; Cytokines/metabolism* ; Epithelial Cells/metabolism* ; Gene Expression ; Humans ; Interleukin-33/metabolism* ; Interleukin-6/metabolism* ; Interleukin-8 ; Nasal Mucosa/metabolism* ; Plant Extracts/metabolism* ; Pyroglyphidae ; RNA/metabolism* ; Rhinitis, Allergic/metabolism* ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal ; Seasons

BACKGROUNDAspergillosis infection is common in the patients with insufficient immunity. The role of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), T-box expressed in T-cells (T-bet), and eomesodermin (EOMES) in mediating T lymphocytes differentiation in response to Aspergillus fumigatus infection in immunocompromised rats was investigated in this study.

METHODSInvasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) of immunosuppressive twenty male rats were established and sacrificed at 24 h (n = 5), 48 h (n = 5), 72 h (n = 5), and 96 h (n = 5) after A. fumigatus infection. In addition, control (n = 5), cyclophosphamide (CTX) (n = 5), and aspergillosis (n = 5) group were also established the tissues and pathology of lung tissue was examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining. CD8+ T-cells was sorted by flow cytometry. Serum mTOR, S6K, T-bet, and EOMES were quantified by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

RESULTSHistology of lung tissue indicated severe lung tissue injury including infiltration of inflammatory cells, alveolar wall damage or degradation, blood congestion, and hemorrhage in the CTX, IPA, and CTX + IPA rats. Hyphae were seen in the IPA, and CTX + IPA groups. The proportion of CD8+ T-cells was significantly increased in the animals of CTX + IPA. Memory CD8+ T-cells was significantly increased in early stage (24 h and 48 h, P < 0.001), but decreased in the late phase of fungal infection (72 h and 96 h) in the animals of CTX + IPA. In addition, at early stage of fungal infection (24 h and 48 h), serum mTOR (P < 0.001), S6K (P < 0.001), and T-bet (P < 0.05) was significantly higher, while EOMES was significantly lower (P < 0.001), in CTX + IPA group than that in control, CTX alone or IPA alone group. Conversely, serum mTOR, S6K, T-bet, and EOMES showed opposite changed in the late stage (72 h and 96 h). Pearson's correlation analysis indicated that mTOR and S6K were significantly correlated with T-bet (r = 0.901 and 0.91, respectively, P < 0.001), but negatively and significantly correlated with EOMES (r = -0.758 and -0.751, respectively, P < 0.001).

CONCLUSIONSmTOR may regulate transcription factors of EOMES and T-bet, and by which mechanism, it may modulate lymphocytes differentiation in animals with immune suppression and fungal infection.

Animals ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; cytology ; metabolism ; Cell Differentiation ; genetics ; physiology ; Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lung ; metabolism ; pathology ; Lymphocytes ; cytology ; immunology ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; T-Box Domain Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Tissue Culture Techniques

OBJECTIVETo analyze the composition and control status of chronic diseases among rural residents in a Beijing suburb district.

METHODSRural residents aged 35 years or older were investigated by stratified random sampling in Pinggu District, Beijing. Each participant received questionnaire-based survey,physical examination,and laboratory tests including routine blood test,urine albumin creatinine ratio (ACR), liver and renal function,serum lipid, fasting blood glucose, and glycosylated hemoglobin.

RESULTSA total of 10 385 residents completed all items. Cerebrovascular disease was leading cause of hospitalization (accounting for 14.4%) and its incidence in the population was 9.6%. The incidences of hypertension,hyperlipidemia,diabetes mellitus,and gout/hyperuricemia,which were the main compositions related with metabolic diseases,were up to 64.4%,42.5%,24.4%, and 9.0%, respectively. The disease onset was significantly related with the age. The incidence of hypertension was gradually elevated with the increasing of age,while the peak age was 55-64 years for diabetes and 35-44 years for gout/hyperuricemia. The awareness rate of hypertension,diabetes,and chronic kidney disease was 60.2%, 55.1%,and 6.0%,respectively. The control rate of chronic disease was 19.2% and 28.8% in hypertensive and diabetic patients, respectively.

CONCLUSIONSCerebrovascular diseases and metabolic-associated diseases are the main chronic diseases affecting rural residents in Pinggu district, Beijing. The awareness rate and control rate of chronic diseases needs to be further enhanced by strengthening health education and improving the community medical service.

Adult ; Beijing ; Chronic Disease ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Hyperuricemia ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Rural Population ; Surveys and Questionnaires

With the significant and continuous growth of the research and application of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) all over the world, the demand for medical information services has been increasing correspondingly. However, the barriers of accessing and utilizing non-English literature, and the barrier of language have blocked English speaking clinicians and researchers of CAM from obtaining high quality and authoritative medical evidence from the non-English medical resources. This article, with introducing the UCLA Information Center for East-West Integrative Medicine, will demonstrate a new collaborative mode of integrative medicine information service between China and the US, and discuss the perceived challenges.
China ; Complementary Therapies ; Information Services ; Information Storage and Retrieval ; Integrative Medicine ; Language ; United States

BACKGROUNDInterleukin-l7 (IL-17), which exerts strong pro-inflammatory effects, has emerged as an important mediator in inflammation-associated cancer. The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between IL-17 and tumor associated macrophages (TAMs), and the correlation of the microvessel density in the development of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC).

METHODSHistopathological observations and immunohistochemistry staining for IL-17, CD68, and CD34 were performed on 72 specimens (32 cases of LSCC, 20 cases of adjacent tissues of carcinoma as controls, and 20 cases of chronic hypertrophic laryngitis). Double immunohistochemical staining was done to determine which cells expressed IL-17. Real-time quantitative PCR determined the mRNA expression of IL-17. ELISA was used to detect the expression of the serum level of IL-17 in the three groups.

RESULTSThe inflammation response had increased in LSCC. Overexpression of IL-17 and CD68 protein were seen in LSCC (P < 0.01). The expression of IL-17 was different between well and poorly differentiated LSCC (P < 0.01). The IL-17 expressing cells were mainly located in macrophages (CD68(+)/IL17(+)) as demonstrated by double immunohistochemical staining. IL-17 expression significantly correlated with high microvessel density (CD34(+)) in LSCC (P < 0.05). Relatively higher mRNA expression levels of IL-17 were seen in LSCC compared to the controls (P < 0.05). The serum expression of IL-17 was similar among the three groups (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONIL-17 was expressed by TAMs, and IL-17 may significantly correlate to the differentiation and angiogenesis in the development of LSCC.

Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Interleukin-17 ; genetics ; metabolism ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; Macrophages ; metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; genetics ; metabolism ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Young Adult

Adult ; Chondrosarcoma ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms ; Skull Base Neoplasms ; Sphenoid Sinus

Objective To test the immunoglobulin free light chain (FLC) from nasal secretion and serum of patients with allergic rhinitis(AR) and non-allergic rhinitis(NAR) for the purpose of exploring the possible immunological mechanism.Methods Sixty consecutive patients were selected between September and December in 2009,involving 30 patients with AR and 30 patients with NAR diagnosed by symptoms,signs,skin prick tests (SPT) and specific IgE (sIgE).Thirty volunteers were chosen as healthy control (HC).According to the visual analogue scale (VAS) scores,the nasal symptoms of AR and NAR,including sneeze,nasal discharge,nasal obstruction and nasal itching were compared.ELISA was used to detect the total IgE,eosinophil cationic protein(ECP),mast cell tryptase(MCT),κFLC,λFLC in nasal secretion and serum.The data was analyzed by SPSS 17.0 software.Results There was no statistical difference between AR and NAR group in nasal symptoms (t value was 1.189,0.741,0.758,0.797,respectively,all P ＞ 0.5);In serum,κFLC,λFLC,ECP,MCT increased in NAR group compared to HC group (all P ＜ 0.05);λFLC increased in NAR group compared to AR group(P ＜ 0.05),κFLC,total IgE and ECP was increased in AR group compared to HC group.In nasal secretion,κFLC,λFLC,ECP and MCT increased in AR and NAR groups compared to HC group,and the ECP and total IgE were significantly increased in AR group compared to NAR group (all P ＜ 0.05).In nasal secretion,the FLC revealed a significantly higher correlation trend with MCT (r value was 0.518 and 0.484,all P ＜0.05),and in serum revealed a significant correlation trend with ECP (r value was 0.343 and 0.342,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Immunoglobulin FLC takes part in the path of physiological process of AR and NAR with the immunological mechanism.

Adult ; Aspergillosis ; pathology ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Laryngeal Diseases ; microbiology ; pathology ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Vocal Cords ; pathology