PURPOSE: To investigate the changes in corneal higher-order aberration (HOA) during amblyopia treatment and the correlation between HOA and astigmatism in hyperopic amblyopia children. METHODS: In this retrospective study, a total of 72 eyes from 72 patients ranging in age from 38 to 161 months were included. Patients were divided into two groups based on the degree of astigmatism. Corneal HOA was measured using a KR-1W aberrometer at the initial visit and at 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-ups. Correlation analysis was performed to assess the association between HOA and astigmatism. RESULTS: A total of 72 patients were enrolled in this study, 37 of which were classified as belonging to the higher astigmatism group, while 35 were assigned to the lower astigmatism group. There was a statistically significant difference in success rate between the higher and lower astigmatism groups. In both groups, all corneal HOAs were significantly reduced during amblyopia treatment. When comparing the two groups, a significant difference in coma HOA at the 12-month follow-up was detected (p = 0.043). In the Pearson correlation test, coma HOA at the 12-month follow-up demonstrated a statistically significant correlation with astigmatism and a stronger correlation with astigmatism in the higher astigmatism group than in the lower astigmatism group (coefficient values, 0.383 and 0.284 as well as p = 0.021 and p = 0.038, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: HOA, particularly coma HOA, correlated with astigmatism and could exert effects in cases involving hyperopic amblyopia.
Aberrometry ; Adolescent ; Amblyopia/*physiopathology ; Astigmatism/*physiopathology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Corneal Topography ; Corneal Wavefront Aberration/diagnosis/*physiopathology ; Eyeglasses ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hyperopia/*physiopathology/therapy ; Retrospective Studies ; Visual Acuity/physiology

Higher order aberrations (HOAs) were measured in 54 anisometropic amblyopic children using the ZY-WAVE II aberrometer. The results were compared in normal fellow and amblyoic eyes which were determined by the corrected visual acuity. Between the normal eyes and anisometropic amblyopic eyes, no statistically significant difference were found in mean root square of total HOAs, total coma (TC), total spherical aberration (TSA), and the 5th root mean square (RMS5). There was no correlation among best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), HOAs, TC, TSA, and RMS5. There was some positively correlation between the degree of anisometropia and TC. HOAs increase with the increasing of the degree of anisometropic amblyopia. Lower order aberrations are the main refractive factors leading to amblyopia, and HOAs is related to anisometropia amblyopia. The study helps us understand the mechanism of amblyopia and make the further study.
Aberrometry ; Adolescent ; Amblyopia ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Child ; Corneal Wavefront Aberration ; physiopathology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Refraction, Ocular ; physiology ; Visual Acuity ; physiology