Blood Glucose ; Child ; Chronic Disease ; Delivery of Health Care ; Diabetes, Gestational ; Diet Therapy ; Diet, Food, and Nutrition ; Female ; Humans ; Mobile Applications ; Mothers ; Pregnancy ; Prevalence

clinical trial, 60 patients with MetS were allocated into 2 groups. One group received 25 mL/day flaxseed oil and the other group received 25 mL/day sunflower oil for 7 weeks. Maintenance diet including 15% protein, 55% carbohydrate, and 30% fat from daily total energy intake was designed for each participant. Serum levels of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and interleukin 6 (IL-6), as well as coagulation score were measured before and after the intervention. Three 24-hour food records were taken during the study. Fifty-two of participants (27 in sunflower oil and 25 in flaxseed oil groups) completed the study. The baseline characteristics and dietary intakes were similar between patients. After 7 weeks, no significant difference was observed between the 2 groups regarding the serum TAC level and coagulation score (p > 0.05). However, serum IL-6 levels significantly decreased in the flaxseed oil group compared to the sunflower oil group (p = 0.017). No side effect was observed during the study due to the use of sunflower and flaxseed oils. We observed that consumption of flaxseed oil improved serum IL-6 levels but had no effect on oxidative stress and coagulation score in patients with MetS. Further studies are needed to confirm the veracity of our results.TRIAL REGISTRATION: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials Identifier: IRCT2015012020737N1]]>
Chronic Disease ; Diet ; Energy Intake ; Flax ; Helianthus ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Interleukin-6 ; Linseed Oil ; Oxidative Stress

Birth Weight ; Blood Glucose ; Diabetes, Gestational ; Fasting ; Female ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; Head ; Heme ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced ; Infant ; Iran ; Iron ; Iron, Dietary ; Nausea ; Parturition ; Pre-Eclampsia ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Pregnancy Trimester, First ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women ; Prospective Studies ; Vomiting

Blood Glucose ; Body Mass Index ; C-Peptide ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Diet ; Diet Therapy ; Eating ; Hordeum ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; Insulin ; Male ; Meals

nutrition label use, diet-related factors and weight control behavior of Korean female adolescents at the age of 12 to 18 according to body mass index (BMI) by using the results of the 2010 and 2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. The obese group had higher waist circumference (p < 0.001) and systolic blood pressure (p < 0.01) than the normal group. In the biochemical index, the obese group had lower serum high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol level (p < 0.001), while their triglyceride level was higher than the normal group (p < 0.01). Nutrient intake according to BMI was not significantly different except carbohydrate, and calcium intake was about 53% of recommended nutrient intake in all study subjects. The nutrition label was recognized in more than 90% of all groups. But actual nutrition label use was below 50% in all groups and the underweight group was the lowest (p < 0.05). In the result for subjective body image perception, even in the group with normal BMI, 25.3% recognized themselves as obese, and 75.3% said they were trying to lose weight, indicating that many female teens actually think their bodies are obese. In conclusion, obese female adolescents have high systolic blood pressure and serum triglyceride concentrations, which requires obesity prevention education. And a large number of female adolescents with normal BMI thought they were obese and tried to lose weight. Therefore, education on healthy weight and calcium intake is necessary.]]>
Adolescent ; Biomarkers ; Blood Pressure ; Body Image ; Body Mass Index ; Calcium ; Education ; Female ; Food Labeling ; Humans ; Korea ; Nutrition Assessment ; Nutrition Surveys ; Obesity ; Thinness ; Triglycerides ; Waist Circumference ; Weight Loss

clinical trial. During the trial 6-minute walk test (6MWT), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) level, BP, sodium and potassium intakes were assessed. The mean 25(OH)D level increased to 28.9 ± 11.7 ng/mL (p < 0.001) in the intervention group. There was a poor but non-significant reduction in systolic BP (−0.033 ± 4.71 mmHg, p = 0.531) in the intervention group. The BP also did not change in the placebo group at the end of the trial. A negligible decrease of 6MWT was observed in the intervention group (−6.6 ± 29.2 m) compared to the placebo (−14.1 ± 40.5 m). However, differences between the 2 groups were not statistically significant (p = 0.325). The results solely showed a slight positive correlation between 25(OH)D level and 6MWT. No significant improvements in BP and 6MWT were observed after vitamin D3 supplementation.TRIAL REGISTRATION: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials Identifier: IRCT2016102113678N13]]>
Blood Pressure ; Cholecalciferol ; Classification ; Endothelial Cells ; Exercise Test ; Exercise Tolerance ; Heart Failure ; Heart ; Humans ; Motor Activity ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; Potassium ; Sodium ; Vitamin D ; Vitamin D Deficiency ; Vitamins

Clinical Trials Identifier: IRCT2016060628299N1]]>
Anemia ; Blood Platelets ; Erythrocyte Indices ; Erythrocytes ; Ferritins ; Hematology ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Liver Diseases ; Mean Platelet Volume ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; Oxidative Stress ; Pilot Projects ; Public Health ; Quercetin

Clinical Research Information Service Identifier: KCT0004025]]>
Diet ; Female ; Humans ; Information Services ; Menopause ; Mustard Plant ; Quality of Life ; Seaweed ; Undaria

Adequate nutrition is extremely crucial for the growth and development of preterm, small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants owing to an increased risk of postnatal growth failure and poor neurodevelopmental outcome. Despite the beneficial properties of human milk (HM), it should be fortified to prevent extrauterine growth restriction; however, fortification of HM with a bovine-based human milk fortifier (BHMF) may induce feeding intolerance (FI) and necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm newborns. Herein, we have described the nutritional management of a preterm SGA newborn with intolerance to BHMF. A male infant was born at a gestational age of 32 weeks and 5 days, SGA weighing 1,490 grams (< 10th percentile). During BHMF use, he presented with symptoms of FI including abdominal distention, increased gastric residuals, and delayed enteral feeding advancement. Therefore, HM was fortified with carbohydrate powder, whey protein powder, and medium-chain triglycerides oil instead of BHMF to prevent FI and promote weight gain. Caloric density of feeds was increased once every 3 or 4 days by approximately 5 kcal/kg/day until an intake of 100 kcal/kg/day was achieved. Subsequently, his caloric and protein intake increased, growth rate improved, and full enteral feeding was achieved without any further symptom of FI. In conclusion, the symptoms of FI with BHMF in a preterm SGA neonate improved with the administration of a macronutrient fortified HM without compromising his enteral feed advancements, growth rate, and energy or protein intake.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic intestinal inflammation. Common clinical symptoms are weight loss, diarrhea, ulcers, and inflammation. Aloe vera (AV) has several medicinal properties including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory analgesic, and improvement of gastric and skin ulcers. This study aimed to investigate the protective and therapeutic effects of AV gel on acetic acid-induced UC in rats. UC was induced in 48 rats by injection of 4% acetic acid into the rectum. Protective and treatment groups received treatments 7 days before and after the induction of colitis, respectively. The negative control group, the positive control group, and AV groups received distilled water, sulfasalazine, and 50 and 300 mg/kg of gel extract, respectively. Water and food intake and body weight changes were recorded. The extent of the mucosal ulcers, colon tissue thickening, and mucosal bleeding were scored by the Gerald classification system score (microscopy observations). Slides of tissues were prepared for pathologic assay using the modified Wallace method (macroscopic observations). The results of the macroscopic and microscopic examination showed protective and therapeutic effects of 50 mg/kg dose of AV on acetic acid-induced colitis in rats which reduces the inflammation, ulcers and tissue damage compared with negative control (p < 0.05). There were no significant changes in the amount of water and food intake, body weight changes, and colon weight in protective and treatment groups. Based on the results, AV gel could be used to improve the symptoms of UC, as well as prevent people who are susceptible to the UC.