Humans ; Aged ; Lung Diseases ; Pneumonia/drug therapy* ; Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use* ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive/drug therapy* ; Administration, Inhalation ; Community-Acquired Infections/drug therapy*

[Objective]To explore the effects of electricity on sperm quality,sex hormone levels,and related proteins in TGF-β 1/smads signaling in testicular tissue.[Methods]Forty male SD rats were randomly divided into blank group,model group,electroacupuncture group,and positive drug group.Adenine gavage method was used to establish the model,in the electroacupuncture group,rats received electroacupuncture treatment at the acupoints Zhongji,Guanyuan,Zusanli,and Sanyinjiao once daily for 30 minutes;in the positive drug group,rats were administered L-carnitine oral solution via gavage at a dosage of 10 mL/kg,both intervention groups underwent continuous treatment for 28 days.After treatment,the changes of sperm number,sperm motility rate,follicle-stimulating hormone(FSH),luteizing hormone(LH)and serum sex hormone testosterone(T)were detected by HE staining,and the expression of TGF-β-1/smads signaling pathway in testicular tissue was examined by Western Blot.[Results]Compared to the blank group,the model group showed a significant decrease in sperm count and sperm motility rate(P<0.05),both the electroacupuncture group and the positive drug group exhibited significant increases compared to the model group(P<0.05).Compared to the blank group,the model group had a significant decrease in serum testosterone(T)levels(P<0.05),and significant increases in serum FSH and LH levels(P<0.05);in comparison to the model group,the electroacupuncture group and the positive drug group showed significant increases in serum T levels(P<0.05),and significant decreases in serum FSH and LH levels(P<0.05).The HE staining results showed typical pathological features of AR in the testicular tissue of model group rats,with varying degrees of improvement observed in electroacupuncture and positive drug group rats.Western Blot analysis revealed that in the model group,the protein levels of TGF-β,p-smad2,and p-smad3 in the TGF-β1/smads pathway in testicular tissue were significantly increased(P<0.05);in comparison to the model group,the electroacupuncture group and the positive drug group showed significant decreases in the protein levels of TGF-β,p-smad2,and p-smad3(P<0.05).[Conclusion]Acupuncture can improve the sperm number and sperm motility rate,regulate sex hormone level and improve the spermatogenic environment,and affect the spermatogenesis process via TGF-β 1/smads signaling pathway.

Objective To evaluate the protective effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate(EGCG)on cisplatin(CIS)-induced acute kidney injury(AKI)in rats based on network pharmacology and in vivo animal model experiments.Methods Targets of EGCG and AKI were collected from the TCMSP,Gene Cards,and OMIM websites,and a protein-protein interaction network was constructed based on the intersection.The intersection targets were analyzed visually using Cytoscape 3.9.1 and the key targets were screened out.Kyoto Encyclopedia and of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology enrichment analyses were carried out using the DAVID database.Thirty-two male Wistar rats were divided randomly into four groups:CON group,EGCG group,CIS group,and CIS+EGCG group.Rats in the control and CIS groups were given normal saline every day,rats in the EGCG and CIS+EGCG groups were given EGCG(40 mg/kg)every day for 28 d,and rats in the CIS and CIS+EGCG groups received an intraperitoneal injection of CIS(7 mg/kg)on the 26th day.Blood and tissue samples were obtained on the 29th day.Serum urea nitrogen and creatinine levels were detected,renal pathology was observed by HE staining,and apoptosis in renal tissue was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling.Western Blot,qRT-PCR,and immunohistochemistry were used to verify the result.Results Eighty-seven genes intersecting EGCG and AKI and 25 core targets were screened from network pharmacology,which influenced the development of AKI via signal pathways such as PI3K/Akt and various biological processes.EGCG pretreatment significantly reduced serum levels of serum urea nitrogen and creatinine,improved the renal pathology,and reduced renal tissue apoptosis in AKI rats.Western Blot,qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry showed that pretreatment with EGCG activated the PI3K/Akt pathway.Conclusions EGCG alleviates CIS-induced AKI in rats via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Humans ; Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis* ; Early Detection of Cancer ; China ; Mass Screening

BACKGROUND: Perioperative treatment has become an increasingly important aspect of the management of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Small-scale clinical studies performed in recent years have shown improvements in the major pathological remission rate after neoadjuvant therapy, suggesting that it will soon become an important part of NSCLC treatment. Nevertheless, neoadjuvant immunotherapy may be accompanied by serious adverse reactions that lead to delay or cancelation of surgery, additional illness, and even death, and have therefore attracted much attention. The purpose of the clinical recommendations is to form a diagnosis and treatment plan suitable for the current domestic medical situation for the immune-related adverse event (irAE). METHODS: This recommendation is composed of experts in thoracic surgery, oncologists, thoracic medicine and irAE related departments (gastroenterology, respirology, cardiology, infectious medicine, hematology, endocrinology, rheumatology, neurology, dermatology, emergency section) to jointly complete the formulation. Experts make full reference to the irAE guidelines, large-scale clinical research data published by thoracic surgery, and the clinical experience of domestic doctors and publicly published cases, and repeated discussions in multiple disciplines to form this recommendation for perioperative irAE. RESULTS: This clinical recommendation covers the whole process of prevention, evaluation, examination, treatment and monitoring related to irAE, so as to guide the clinical work comprehensively and effectively. CONCLUSIONS Perioperative irAE management is an important part of immune perioperative treatment of lung cancer. With the continuous development of immune perioperative treatment, more research is needed in the future to optimize the diagnosis and treatment of perioperative irAE.

Increasing prevalence of childhood obesity poses threats to the global health burden. Because this rising prevalence cannot be fully explained by traditional risk factors such as unhealthy diet and physical inactivity, early-life exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is recognized as emerging novel risk factors for childhood obesity. EDCs can disrupt the hormone-mediated metabolic pathways, affect children’s growth and mediate the development of childhood obesity. Many organic pollutants are recently classified to be EDCs. In this review, we summarized the epidemiological and laboratory evidence related to EDCs and childhood obesity, and discussed the possible mechanisms underpinning childhood obesity and early-life exposure to non-persistent organic pollutants (phthalates, bisphenol A, triclosan) and persistent organic pollutants (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, polychlorinated biphenyls, polybrominated diphenyl ethers, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances). Understanding the relationship between EDCs and childhood obesity helps to raise public awareness and formulate public health policy to protect the youth from exposure to the harmful effects of EDCs.
Adolescent ; Diet ; Endocrine Disruptors* ; Global Health ; Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers ; Humans ; Metabolic Networks and Pathways ; Pediatric Obesity* ; Polychlorinated Biphenyls ; Prevalence ; Public Health ; Risk Factors

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of Lianhua Dingchuan Tablets in bronchial asthma.Methods Fifty BALB/C mice were randomly and equally divided into control (Con) group,ovalbumin (OVA) group,dexamethasone (DEX) group,high-dose Lianhua group,low-dose Lianhua group.The mice were sensitized and challenged with OVA plus aluminium hydroxide to establish asthmatic model and were pre-treated 30 minutes before challenge.Specific airway resistance (sRaw) was used to evaluate airway hyperresponsiveness,and airway inflammatory changes were measured.ELISA and Magnetic Luminex(R) were used to quantified the levels of IL-4,IL-13 and INF-γ.Results Airway resistance significantly decreased in DEX group and High-dose Lianhua group (P＜0.05).Levels of inflammatory cells and IL-13 in BALF evidently reduced in DEX group,high-dose Lianhua group and low-dose Lianhua group (P ＜ 0.05),while IL-13 level in serum only decreased in DEX group.There was no significant changes in the levels of IL 4 and INF γ among those groups.Conclusions Lianhua Dingchuan Tablets might relieve the symptoms of asthma by reducing IL-13 level and inhibiting the airway inflammation.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the quality of life of rectal cancer patients after anterior resection and the role of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT) in the pathogenesis of anterior resection syndrome (ARS).

METHODSBetween November 2012 and October 2014, 90 rectal cancer patients who underwent Dixon procedure in the Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, and developed ARS postoperatively were enrolled in the study. By clinic interview and telephone follow-up, they were investigated according to the 4 questionnaires, including gastrointestinal quality of life index(GIQLI), Wexner constipation and incontinence score(WCS, WIS), and 36-item short form health survey(SF-36). Associated clinical data and above parameters were compared between postoperative 0-6 months and 7-24 months. Expression of 5-HT in rectal mucosa was determined by immunohistochemistry preoperatively and postoperatively.

RESULTSThe GIQLI, WCS and WIS were significantly improved in 7-24 months group compared with those in 0-6 months group(all P<0.05). Furthermore, the SF-36 test result also showed significant improvement in the terms of physical function, physical role, vitality, social function, emotional role and health changes spheres in 7-24 months group(P<0.05). 5-HT expression in rectal mucosa(upper anastomosis 3402.95±1876.24, lower anastomosis 3045.35±1373.59 of ARS patients was significantly down-regulated compared with the preoperative expression(rectal margin mucosa 7176.60±3927.61)(P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSPatients with ARS experience a significant trend toward recovery in their whole long-term quality of life. The down-regulation of 5-HT expression in rectal mucosa after surgery may be related with the pathogenesis of ARS.

Aim To investigate the expression and im-plication of HIF-1α, ROCK-2 , FoxM1 in PC12 cell in-jury induced by lead acetate. Methods PC12 cells were treated with lead acetate at the doses of 100 , 200 and 400 μmol·L-1 . The cell viability was determined by MTT reduction assay and LDH assay, the intracellu-lar production of oxygen species was measured by as-sessing SOD and MDA levels, cell apoptosis was deter-mined by Hoechst 33342 staining, the expressions of HIF-1α, ROCK-2 , FoxM1 , Bcl-2 and Bax were deter-mined by immunoblotting analysis. Results Lead ac-etate induced cell injury in PC12 cells in a dose-de-pendent manner, and it potentiated oxygen radical pro-duction and cell apoptosis. In addition, lead acetate enhanced HIF-1α and ROCK-2 expressions, increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and decreased FoxM1 expression. Conclusion Lead acetate can induce PC12 cell apop-tosis, which may be related with the expressions of HIF-1α, ROCK-2 and FoxM1 . Cellular oxidative stress may contribute to the injury as well.

Objective To investigate the quality of life of rectal cancer patients after anterior resection and the role of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in the pathogenesis of anterior resection syndrome (ARS). Methods Between November 2012 and October 2014, 90 rectal cancer patients who underwent Dixon procedure in the Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, and developed ARS postoperatively were enrolled in the study. By clinic interview and telephone follow-up, they were investigated according to the 4 questionnaires, including gastrointestinal quality of life index(GIQLI), Wexner constipation and incontinence score(WCS, WIS), and 36-item short form health survey (SF-36). Associated clinical data and above parameters were compared between postoperative 0-6 months and 7-24 months. Expression of 5-HT in rectal mucosa was determined by immunohistochemistry preoperatively and postoperatively. Results The GIQLI, WCS and WIS were significantly improved in 7-24 months group compared with those in 0-6 months group (all P<0.05). Furthermore, the SF-36 test result also showed significant improvement in the terms of physical function, physical role, vitality, social function, emotional role and health changes spheres in 7-24 months group (P<0.05). 5-HT expression in rectal mucosa (upper anastomosis 3402.95 ±1876.24, lower anastomosis 3045.35 ±1373.59 of ARS patients was significantly down-regulated compared with the preoperative expression (rectal margin mucosa 7176.60±3927.61)(P<0.05). Conclusions Patients with ARS experience a significant trend toward recovery in their whole long-term quality of life. The down-regulation of 5-HT expression in rectal mucosa after surgery may be related with the pathogenesis of ARS.