AIM:To analyze the expression changes of O-linked N-acetylglucosamine(O-GlcNAc)glycoprotein in the lens capsule of age-related cataract and diabetic cataract and investigate the role of O-GlcNAc glycoprotein in diabetic cataract.METHODS: The lens capsules of 54 patients(56 eyes)with diabetic cataract and 115 patients(120 eyes )with age-related cataract were studied. Immunoblotting was used to detect the expression level of O-GlcNAc protein in the lens capsules of age-related and diabetic cataracts, and mass spectrometry was used to identify the O-GlcNAc glycoproteins in lens capsules.RESULTS: Immunoblotting results showed that the expression level of O-GlcNAc protein in the lens capsule of diabetic cataracts was significantly higher than in the age-related cataracts(P<0.01). With the level of glycosylated hemoglobin increasing, the expression level of O-GlcNAc protein also increased(P<0.01). Totally 5 O-GlcNAc proteins with up-regulated expression(FABP5, KRT16, PGK1, CTSD and S100A7), and 18 O-GlcNAc proteins with down-regulated expression(CRYβB1, etc.)were identified in the lens capsule of patients with diabetic cataract by mass spectrometry. Three new O-GlcNAc glycosylation sites were identified in this study. They were O-GlcNAcylation at T1730 position and S1738 position of PTPRQ and O-GlcNAcylation at T61 position of ATP5MC2.CONCLUSION:O-GlcNAc glycosylation may be involved in the formation and development of diabetic cataract. The differential O-GlcNAc glycoprotein identified by mass spectrometry provided the data for further study about pathogenesis of diabetic cataract.

Objective:To analyze the screening results for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) among residents aged 40 years and above in Shanghai Jiading Town, and to explore the influencing factors of COPD.Methods:The study was a cross-sectional study. Four hundred residents aged 40 years and above in Jiading Town were selected to attend COPD screening by multi-stage stratified random sampling method from 10 to 18 July, 2023. Information on demographic characteristics, disease history and family history, disease behavior and risk factors were collected by a questionnaire survey. Physical examination and pulmonary function tests were performed for all participants. Patients showing<70% FEV 1/FVC in pulmonary function and excluded of other cardiorespiratory diseases were diagnosed as the COPD. The SPSS 25.0 software was used for statistical analysis; and logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors of COPD. Results:There were 166 (41.5%) males and 234 (58.5%) females in the participants. The results of screening showed that 181 (45.3%) individuals were identified as high risk of COPD and 32 cases of COPD was diagnosed with a prevalence rate of 8.0%. The prevalence rate of COPD in males were significantly higher than that in females ( P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the age ( P=0.993), education level ( P=0.158), body mass index ( P=0.776), and waist-to-hip ratio ( P=0.833) between COPD patients and non-COPD participants. Logistic regression analysis showed that frequent coughing at 14 years of age and before ( OR=7.763, 95% CI: 2.898-20.791, P<0.05), Hospitalization for pneumonia or bronchitis at or before 17 years of age ( OR=4.359, 95% CI: 1.343-14.1462, P<0.05), asthma ( OR=11.800, 95% CI: 2.001-69.573, P<0.05), chronic bronchitis ( OR=72.748, 95% CI: 20.501-258.144, P<0.05), emphysema ( OR=23.600, 95% CI: 1.407-395.756, P<0.05),and other respiratory diseases, immediate family members with chronic bronchitis ( OR=6.112, 95% CI: 1.960-19.058, P<0.05) and family history of COPD ( OR=100.920, 95% CI: 14.625-696.390, P<0.05), smoking behavior ( OR=7.017, 95% CI: 2.605-18.906, P<0.05), living with daily smokers ( OR=35.481, 95% CI: 1.609-782.310, P<0.05), and second-hand smoking ( OR=3.448, 95% CI: 1.271-9.352, P<0.05) were independent risk factors for the development of COPD. Conclusion:The study shows the prevalence of COPD and related risk factors in residents over the age of 40 in Shanghai Jiading town, indicating that more attention should be paid for high risk population in COPD screening.

Objective To investigate the relationship between corneal hysteresis(CH)and retinal nerve fiber layer(RNFL)thickness in patients with glaucoma.Methods In this study,186 eyes of 133 patients with open-angle glaucoma who attended the ophthalmology department of our hospital were included,with a follow-up of(3.8±0.8)years and an average of 9 visits.The CH measurements were acquired using the Ocular Response Analyzer,and RNFL thickness was measured at each follow-up using spectral domain optical coherence tomography.All statistical analyses were performed with Stata software.Univariate and multivariable linear regression models were used to investigate the relationship between age,baseline CH,intraocular pressure(IOP),central corneal thickness(CCT)and RNFL thickness.Results The aver-age baseline CH was(9.2±1.8)mmHg(1 kPa=7.5 mmHg),average baseline RNFL thickness was(76.4±18.1)μm,the average baseline IOP was(13.8±3.7)mmHg,and the average baseline CCT was(533±42)μm.Univariate model analysis showed that the baseline CH had a positive correlation with RNFL thickness(P＜0.05).The lower the CH,the thinner the RNFL.For every 1 mmHg reduction in CH,the thickness of RNFL was reduced by 0.13 μm,indicating that CH may be involved in the occurrence and development of glaucoma.The univariate model analysis also showed that there was a negative correlation between IOP and RNFL thickness(P＜0.05).The higher the IOP,the thinner the RNFL.However,there was no significant correlation between age,CCT and RNFL thickness(both P＞0.05).The multivariate model analy-sis showed that there was a positive correlation between baseline CH and RNFL thickness during the follow-up,excluding the influence of age,IOP and CCT(P＜0.05).For every l mmHg reduction in CH,the thickness of RNFL was reduced by 0.13 μm.Conclusion There is a positive correlation between baseline CH and RNFL thickness in glaucoma.The lower the CH,the thinner the RNFL.Low CH may be a risk factor for the progression of glaucoma.

Condylar displacement can lead to temporomandibular joint (TMJ) symptoms and relapse after orthognathic surgery. To minimize condylar displacement, numerous condylar positioning techniques have been applied in clinical practice. To verify the effectiveness of condylar positioning techniques in preventing postoperative TMJ symptoms and relapse, we reviewed the literature related to all types of intraoperative condylar positioning techniques in the past 20 years. According to a literature review, positioning techniques aim to seat the condyles at a preoperative position during surgery and are divided into noncomputer-aided and computer-aided condyle positioning methods. At present, computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing condylar positioning devices (CAD/CAM CPDs) are the most superior positioning methods and are composed of teeth-supported and bone-supported guidance. The sequence of the remaining technology positioning effect from high to low is as follows: CAD/CAM titanium plate positioning > manual positioning > computer-aided navigation system > image positioning system. Different techniques reach considerable accuracy within 1-2 mm and 1°-2° in locating the preoperative condylar position and preventing TMJ symptoms or disorders and surgical relapse to provide a clinical reference for different levels of surgeons and cases. However, this study lacks randomized controlled trials with large samples and long-term follow-up. Future studies should upgrade the current methods, improve the clinical utility, and develop new positioning techniques.

Objective:To explore the status of HIV infection, time trends and related factors of MSM in Harbin from 2009 to 2018 and provide evidences for comprehensive prevention and control strategies of MSM HIV/AIDS.Methods:From April to July during 2009-2018, continuous cross-sectional studies were conducted on MSM recruited through snowball sampling. The unified questionnaire was used to collect demographic, behavioral, and serological information. The SPSS 23.0 software was used for statistical analysis, and the Joinpoint 4.8.0.1 software was applied to the annual percent change (APC) for time trends analysis using the Joinpoint regression model.Results:A total of 4 813 MSM were surveyed in Harbin from 2009 to 2018. The overall HIV antibody positive rate was 11.3 % ( 543/4 813). Joinpoint regression analysis showed that there was an increase in the HIV antibody positive rate from 2009 to 2015, while the segmentation point was in 2015 ( Z=4.2, P<0.05) but, there was a decrease from 2015 to 2018( Z=-1.3, P=0.3). The positive rate of syphilis antibody was 12.9% (621/4 813). There was a decrease in the positive rate of syphilis antibodies from 2009 to 2013 ( Z=-2.8 ,P<0.05). There was a decrease in the positive rate of syphilis antibodies from 2013 to 2018 ( Z=-0.7, P=0.5). Results from multiple logistic aggression analysis showed that the risk factors associated with the prevalence of HIV infection including network recruitment (a OR=1.307, 95% CI: 1.057-1.617), age 30 and above (a OR=1.905, 95% CI: 1.235-2.939) and syphilis antibody positive (a OR=4.728, 95% CI: 3.751-5.961). Protective factors appeared: knowledge of HIV/AIDS (a OR=0.598, 95% CI: 0.433-0.825) and consistent use of condom during anal sex in the past six months (a OR=0.683, 95% CI: 0.550-0.850). Conclusions:The HIV antibody positive rate peaked in 2015 among MSM in Harbin from 2009 to 2018, first increased and then decreased. The positive rate of syphilis antibody showed a decreasing trend. Intervention models based on social media software, age 30 and above and syphilis antibody-positive need to be explored. It also promotes condom use and referral for syphilis among MSM.

Objective To investigate the expression of miR-30d in breast cancer tissues and demonstrate the regula-tive effects of miR-30d ASO on the invasion and migration of breast cancer cells in vitro. Methods The expression levels of miR-30d in 108 breast cancer tissues and their adjacent tissues were detected by real-time quantitative PCR method. Af-ter transfection with miR-30d ASO, the biological effects of miR-30d on in breast cancer cells was measured by transwell as-say and wound healing assay. The expressions of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 were analyzed by Western blot assay. Results The expression level of miR-30d was found to be over-expressed in breast cancer tissues(P<0.05). Compared with control group and nonsense interference group, the miR-30d expression was significantly decreased in breast cancer cells(transfection with miR-30d ASO). Results of transwell and wound healing assay showed that the invasion and mi-gration ability decreased significantly after transfection with miR-30d ASO, and expressions of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were down-regulated (P<0.05). Conclusion miR-30d was over-expressed in human breast cancer. The invasion and migration of breast cancer cells can be effectively inhibited by decreasing the expression of miR-30d. miR-30d may become a new tar-get for the regulation of invasion and migration in breast cancer.