Background As a pillar industry in China, the manufacturing sector has a high incidence of non-fatal occupational injuries. The factors influencing non-fatal occupational injuries in this industry are closely related at various levels, including individual, equipment, environment, and management, making the analysis of these influencing factors complex. Objective To identify influencing factors of non-fatal occupational injuries among manufacturing workers, providing a basis for targeted interventions and surveillance. Methods A total of 2243 frontline workers from cable and shipbuilding enterprises were selected as study subjects to investigate the incidence of non-fatal occupational injuries and collect information at four levels: individual, equipment, management, and environment in past 12 months. Data balancing was performed using resampling, and LASSO regression was used to select factors of non-fatal occupational injuries. The influence degree and type of variables were judged based on the magnitude of the estimated coefficients of each variable, where variables with estimated coefficients > 0 are risk factors, and those <0 are protective factors. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC)curve (AUC) was used to test the performance of the model, with an AUC value > 0.7 indicating good model performance. Results Among the 2243 frontline workers, males accounted for 77.7% (1742 out of 2243), with the main age range being 40-49 years old, representing 29.5% (661 out of 2243), 82.7% of the workers (1854 out of 2243) were married, and 55.6% (1248 out of 2243) had a junior middle school education level. The average monthly income for 51.0% (1144 out of 2243) of the workers was between 5000 and 6999 Chinese Yuan. The incidence of non-fatal occupational injuries among the manufacturing workers was 8.4% (189/2243) in the past 12 months. Among the 22 factors associated with the occurrence of non-fatal occupational injuries (P<0.05), 10 were individual-level factors, including gender, smoking, alcohol consumption, colleague relationships, average exercise duration, job burnout, work fatigue, musculoskeletal disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological and sensory organ diseases; 3 were equipment-level factors, including equipment operability, hazardous workpieces, and safety hazards; 5 were environmental-level factors, including low temperatures, special operations, noise, workspace size, and dirty and disorderly environment; and 4 were management-level factors, including daily working hours, weekly working days, overtime, and pre-job technical training. The AUC value of the LASSO regression model was 0.704 and the final model retained a total of 10 variables. Among them, there were 7 risk factors for non-fatal occupational injuries (coefficient > 0), including safety hazards, musculoskeletal disorders, dangerous workpieces, job burnout, dirty and disorderly environment, smoking, and male gender; and 3 protective factors (coefficient < 0), including pre-job technical training, good colleague relationship, and long working days per week. Conclusion Manufacturing enterprises need to focus on the incidence of non-fatal occupational injuries and conduct targeted interventions for non-fatal occupational injuries by controlling potential safety hazards, providing pre-job technical training, reducing dangerous workpieces, rectifying working environment, and reasonably arranging working hours.

Background Diseases severely affect the efficiency of workers. Comorbidity refers to the coexistence of two or more chronic diseases or health problems in the same individual. Previous studies have primarily focused on occupational injuries caused by environmental exposures, while the analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of self-reported diseases and occupational injuries among manufacturing workers has been insufficient. Objective To analyze the distribution of self-reported diseases and occupational injuries among manufacturing workers, the strength of correlation between different diseases, and common disease combinations, and to preliminarily explore the relationship between self-reported diseases and occupational injuries. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate the occupational injuries of 2382 workers in 2 manufacturing enterprises over the past year, and 2355 questionnaires were valid after cleaning. The questionnaire included three parts: basic information, occupational injury occurrence, and disease prevalence. The self-reported diseases diagnosed by physicians included musculoskeletal diseases, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, mental health problems, neurological and sensory organ diseases, digestive organ diseases, reproductive and urinary organ diseases, skin diseases, tumors, endocrine and metabolic system diseases, blood diseases and birth defects, a total of 11 types. Log-binomial model was used to calculate the prevalence ratio (PR) value of the association between different diseases, and UpSet diagram was used to present the disease combination pattern. Results In total, 40.2% (946/2355) of the study participants reported at least one disease, while 8.6% (203/2355), 5.2% (122/2355), and 5.9% (140/2355) reported having two, three, and four or more diseases, respectively. A higher prevalence was observed for musculoskeletal diseases, neurological and sensory organ diseases, digestive organ diseases, and skin diseases, which accounted for 18.0% (423/2355), 13.8% (324/2355), 9.3% (218/2355), and 9.1% (214/2355), respectively. Workers with musculoskeletal disorders, cardiovascular diseases, or neurological and sensory organ diseases reported significantly higher incidence of occupational injuries compared with workers without the corresponding diseases (P<0.001, P=0.041, and P=0.006, respectively). Musculoskeletal diseases were strongly associated with comorbidities of neurological and sensory organ diseases (PR values were 1.86 and 1.98, respectively), and the other patters were musculoskeletal diseases and digestive organ diseases (PR and OR values were 1.57 and 2.35, respectively), and musculoskeletal diseases and cardiovascular diseases (PR and OR values were 1.46 and 2.22, respectively). The largest binomial comorbidity group involved musculoskeletal diseases and neurological and sensory organ diseases, accounting for 5.4% (25/465) of the comorbid workers. Conclusion Among the self-reported diseases of manufacturing workers, musculoskeletal diseases, neurological and sensory organ diseases, digestive organ diseases, and skin diseases are more common. Musculoskeletal diseases and neurological and sensory organ diseases are the most common in all comorbidities. Musculoskeletal diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological and sensory organ diseases are associated with occupational injuries. In the prevention and control of occupational injuries, joint prevention strategies targeting multiple diseases should be strengthened.

Humans ; Asthma/drug therapy* ; Biological Therapy

Objective:To understand the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)prevention and control work and the problems and difficulties faced by non-government primary medical institutions in China during the epidemic period.Methods:A survey on the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)prevention and control work of non-government primary medical institutions was conducted on April 14 to 21, 2020 with the self-designed questionnaire. The questionnaire contained three parts: the first part was basic information of medical staff in non-government primary medical institutions, including position and institutional information; the second part was the status quo of non-government primary medical institutions participating in the prevention and control of COVID-19, including the specific work and difficulties faced by the responders during the epidemic period; and the third part was the prevention and control effect of COVID-19 in the responders′ institutions, including whether there were confirmed cases and infected medical staff. An online invitation was issued among the members of General Practice Branch of Chinese Non-government Medical Institution Association. The invited participants included the heads, general practitioners and other medical personnel of the non-government primary medical institutions the invited participants voluntarily scanned the online two-dimensional code to fill in.Results:A total of 761 individuals in primary health institutions from 20 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China participated in the survey. There were 290 (38.1%) men and 471 (61.9%) women with age of 40(32, 48) years; 83.0% (632/761) had worked for more than 5 years; 33.8% (257/761) owned primary professional titles and 33.0% (251/761) owned intermediate titles. Among all participants 28.5% (217/761) were general practitioners, 26.9% (205/761) were institutions/department managers, 14.6% (111/761) were specialists and 40.3% (307/761) were other related personnel. A total of 549 institutions continued to operate during the epidemic period and 96.5% (530/549) participated in the work related to the prevention and control of the epidemic, including prescreening and triage, health consultation, follow-up of suspected patients, donation, quarantine of suspected cases, follow-up of close contacts/discharged patients, diagnosis and treatment of patients with new coronavirus pneumonia. 44.7% (340/761) of respondents participated in the epidemic prevention as front-line staff and directly contacted patients/suspected patients, and 63.1% (480/761) participated in the epidemic prevention work of primary medical institutions, including clinical outpatient service, prescreening triage and screening. The working sites were not limited to the institutions, but also other sites including high-speed railway station. The 97.8% (744/761) responders expressed their willingness to participate in epidemic prevention work under the unified leadership and command of the state. The 63.9% (486/761) of the responders were worried about the lack of protective equipments and measures, and 90.4% (688/761) respondents showed that they needed medical supplies (protective equipment: masks, goggles, protective gowns, etc.).Conclusion:The participation of non-government primary medical institutions and their staff in COVID-19 infection prevention and control is a key component of the epidemic prevention process.

Objective:To establish an Epstein-Barr virus-transformed peripheral blood B cell line (BCL), and explore its phenotypic characteristics, the ability to secrete antibodies and cytokines, and the ability to present hepatitis B virus (HBV) antigen peptide.Methods:Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from patients with HBV infection. Epstein-Barr virus supernatant was incubated to construct BCL. The expression of CD19, CD138, CD38, CD27 and the production levels of IFN - γ, IL-10, IL-6 were detected by flow cytometry. BCL loaded with HBV antigen peptide was incubated with in vitro-expanded autologous T cells. Intracellular staining was used to detect the level of interferon-gamma produced by T cells.Results:Compared with untransformed peripheral blood B cells, BCL had high expression levels of CD138, CD38 and CD27, and the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.05), while the level of IL-6 production was decreased, and the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.01). BCL loaded with HBV antigen peptide had significantly enhanced the production of interferon-gamma by in vitro-expanded autologous T cells, and the difference was statistically significant ( P < 0.01). Conclusion:BCL highly expresses CD138, CD38 and CD27, but its ability to produce IL-6 decreases. BCL can improve the immune response efficiency of HBV-specific T cells to HBV antigen peptide, and serve as a new tool for hepatitis B immune research.

Breastfeeding motivation is an important psychological factor affecting breastfeeding of pregnant and parturient women. This paper reviews three aspects of breastfeeding motivation theory, breastfeeding motivation assessment tools and breastfeeding motivation intervention programs. It hopes to provide ideas and references for Chinese medical and nursing staff to evaluate the motivation of pregnant and parturient women and formulate effective intervention measures.

Objective To explore the effect of a training based on instructional video modeling designed from the mirror neuron theory on executive dysfunction after stroke. Methods 40 stroke inpatients with executive dysfunction from July, 2014 to July, 2015 were divided into control group (n=20) and observation group (n=20). The control group accepted executive rehabilitation training, while the observation group were asked to see the video of executive rehabilitation task before training. They were assessed with Behavioral Assessment of the Dysexecutive Syndrome (BADS) before and after intervention. Results The total score and scores of subtests except Rule Shift Cards and Key Search increased more in the observation group than in the control group (t>2.9, P<0.05). Conclusion Rehabilitation video as a visual stimulus for exercise training based on the mirror neuron theory could improve executive function recovery of stroke patients with executive dysfunction.

Objective To observe the effects of Jieyu-Chufan capsule(JCC) on the behavior and the monoamine neurotransmitter content of cerebral in depression mouse model and explore its mechanism. Methods The ICR male mouse were randomly divided into seven groups according to their weights(the model group, the low, middle and high doses group, Baiyoujie group, the amitriptyline group, the normal control group). The low, middle and high doses group were given JCC with 1.250, 2.500, 5.000 g/kg separately by intragastric administration. Baiyoujie group was given 0.014 g/kg Baiyoujie by gavage. The amitriptyline group was given 0.050 g/kg amitriptyline by gavage. The model group and the normal control group received the same volume of distilled water intragastrically. The drugs were administrated once a day. The brepharoptosis and movement conditions of mouse were observed after 22 days. The monoamine neurotransmitter content of each group was measured after 25 days. Results Compared to the model group, the number of mouse with brepharoptosis decreased in the high dose group after 1, 2, 6 hour with reserpine injection (P<0.05 or P<0.01);the number of mouse came out from the circle increased after 4 hours with reserpine injection (P<0.05 or P<0.01);the content of NA (880.45 ± 428.81 ng/g, 875.98 ± 449.33 ng/g vs. 299.92 ± 267.08 ng/g) and DA (2 305.99 ± 530.37 ng/g, 2 169.99 ± 278.19 ng/g vs. 1 439.34 ± 357.33 ng/g) in the middle and high dose group increased (P<0.01);the content of 5-HT (781.43 ± 135.10 ng/g vs. 492.01 ± 192.80 ng/g) in the middle group increased (P<0.01). Conclusions JCC showed an antidepression influence in depression mouse model induced by reserpine. The mechanism may be related to regulating the level of monoamine neurotransmitter in the nervous centralis .

Objective To explore the levels of urine iodine in mothers and urine iodine and blood thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in their neonates, and the correlations. Methods A total of 695 pairs of mothers and their neonates were included. Urine sample of both mothers and newborns were collected and the levels of urine iodine were detected. Heel blood sample of newborns were collected and the levels of TSH were detected. Results The median urine iodine level in 695 mothers was 212 . 9μg/L, among whom 163 case ( 34 . 39%) were iodine deifcient (?5 mIU/L in neonates whose mother were iodine deifcient or excessive were higher than those in neonates whose mother were iodine adequate or more than adequate, and the difference was statistically signiifcant (P

Objective To evaluated the effectiveness and safety ofLianhua Jizhi Tablets for acute trachitis and bronchitis with syndrome of phlegm-heat obstructing.Methods A randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled and multi-center clinical trial design was selected. Totally 240 cases were randomly divided into experimental group and control group, 120 cases in each group, of which 237 cases were included in the analysis of FAS. Experimental group was givenLianhua Jizhi Tablets, while control group was given placebo, 12 tablets/day, 7 days for a course. Curative effect of acute trachitis and bronchitis, TCM syndrome and disappearance of cough, cough and sputum symptom scores and area under the curve (AUC) were observed. The safety was evaluated. Results The cure rates of disease in experimental group and control group were 66.67% (78/117) and 29.17% (35/120), respectively;cure rates of TCM syndrome in experimental group and the control group were 68.38% (80/117) and 27.50% (33/120), respectively;there was statistically significant difference in area under the curve of cough and sputum symptom score between the two groups (P<0.01). Disappearance rates (cure) of daytime cough in experimental group and control group were 52.99% (62/117) and 13.33% (16/120), respectively;disappearance rates (cure) of nocturnal cough in experimental group and control group were 76.52% (88/115) and 31.90% (37/116), respectively;there were no side effects in experimental group.ConclusionLianhua Jizhi Tablets can significantly relieve clinic symptoms in the treatment of acute trachitis and bronchitis, and have good clinical efficacy and safety.