Objective To analyze the literature on artificial intelligence in forensic research from 2012 to 2022 in the Web of Science Core Collection Database,to explore research hotspots and developmen-tal trends.Methods A total of 736 articles on artificial intelligence in forensic medicine in the Web of Science Core Collection Database from 2012 to 2022 were visualized and analyzed through the litera-ture measuring tool CiteSpace.The authors,institution,country(region),title,journal,keywords,cited references and other information of relevant literatures were analyzed.Results A total of 736 articles published in 220 journals by 355 authors from 289 institutions in 69 countries(regions)were identi-fied,with the number of articles published showing an increasing trend year by year.Among them,the United States had the highest number of publications and China ranked the second.Academy of Forensic Science had the highest number of publications among the institutions.Forensic Science Inter-national,Journal of Forensic Sciences,International Journal of Legal Medicine ranked high in publica-tion and citation frequency.Through the analysis of keywords,it was found that the research hotspots of artificial intelligence in the forensic field mainly focused on the use of artificial intelligence technol-ogy for sex and age estimation,cause of death analysis,postmortem interval estimation,individual identification and so on.Conclusion It is necessary to pay attention to international and institutional cooperation and to strengthen the cross-disciplinary research.Exploring the combination of advanced ar-tificial intelligence technologies with forensic research will be a hotspot and direction for future re-search.

This study was aimed at examining the influence of meteorological factors on scrub typhus in Xiamen.Scrub ty-phus monitoring data and meteorological factors were collected in Xiamen from 2005 to 2023.Spearman correlation analysis and nonlinear regression were used to analyze the correlation between scrub typhus incidence and meteorological factors.The inci-dence of scrub typhus first increased and subsequently decreased in Xiamen from 2005 to 2023.The highest incidence was be-tween 2014 and 2016,and the peak incidence was from June to October.The monthly incidence of scrub typhus positively cor-related with daily minimum temperature(r=0.637,P＜0.001,daily average temperature(r=0.627,P＜0.001),daily maxi-mum temperature(r=0.612,P＜0.001),sunshine duration(r=0.405,P＜0.001),average relative humidity(r=0.346,P＜0.001),and daily rainfall(r=0.207,P=0.002),and negatively correlated with average atmospheric pressure(r=-0.549,P＜0.001),whereas no correlation was observed with the average wind speed in Xiamen.The regression equation of scrub ty-phus monthly incidence and meteorological parameters was y=-433.869-11.503x1+0.381x1 2+9.150x2-0.197x2 2+3.936 x3-0.132x3 2+0.881x4+0.035x4 2-1.048x5+0.009x5 2+0.186x6-0.023x6 2+0.421x7+6.210×10-5x8-1.051 × 10-10x8 2 in Xiamen,and the R2 was 0.473,thus indicating good model fit.Scrub typhus incidence correlated with the daily minimum av-erage temperature,average temperature,daily maximum tem-perature,sunshine duration,daily rainfall,relative humidity,and average atmospheric pressure in Xiamen.Various meteoro-logical factors had differing effects on scrub typhus.

Aim To investigate the mechanism of RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway in abnormal aortic contractility in type 2 diabetes (T2DM) mice. Methods The experiment was divided into two groups, the control group (db/m mice) and the model group (db/db mice). Changes of the response to different methods were measured in aorta rings using a Multi Myograph System. At the same time, the protein expression changes of aortic smooth muscle contraction signaling pathway in mice were determined by Western method. Results Compared with the control group, the blood glucose and body weight levels of the mice in the T2DM group significantly increased, and the cardiac function was abnormal (P <0. 01). The contractile response of the aorta of the diabetic mice induced by the contractile agents Phe, 5-HT and CaCl

OBJECTIVES: To explore the differential expression of messenger RNA (mRNA) in myocardial tissues of rats with sudden coronary death (SCD), and to provide ideas for the forensic identification of SCD. METHODS: The rat SCD model was established, and the transcriptome sequencing was performed by next-generation sequencing technology. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in myocardial tissues of SCD rats were screened by using the R package limma. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed by using the STRING database and Cytoscape 3.8.2 on DEG, and hub genes were screened based on cytoHubba plug-in. Finally, the R package clusterProfiler was used to analyze the biological function and signal pathway enrichment of the selected DEG. RESULTS: A total of 177 DEGs were associated with SCD and were mainly involved in the renin-angiotensin system and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The genes including angiotensinogen (AGT), complement component 4a (C4a), Fos proto-oncogene (FOS) and others played key roles in the development of SCD. CONCLUSIONS Genes such as AGT, C4a, FOS and other genes are expected to be potential biomarkers for forensic identification of SCD. The study based on mRNA expression profile can provide a reference for forensic identification of SCD.
Rats ; Animals ; RNA, Messenger/genetics* ; Gene Regulatory Networks ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases/genetics* ; Biomarkers

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the significance and distribution of oxidized low-density lipoprotein antibodies (ox-LDL-Ab) in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). METHODS: In this study, 334 patients who were hospitalized in the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Peking University People's Hospital were included. There were 162 APS patients, 122 patients with other autoimmune diseases without thrombosis or obstetric disease as disease control and 50 healthy controls. The clinical data and laboratory indicators were retrospectively collected. The ox-LDL-Ab, anticardiolipin (aCL) IgG/IgA/IgM, and anti-β2-glycoprotein Ⅰ (aβ2GPI) IgG/IgA/IgM were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The relationship between ox-LDL-Ab and clinical and laboratory parameters were analyzed by SPSS 27.0. RESULTS: In APS group, 60.5% of patients had thrombosis, 48.1% had pregnancy morbidity, 34.0% had thrombocytopenia. The positive rates of aCL, aβ2GPI and lupus anticoagulant (LAC) were 17.9%, 34.6%, and 46.9%, respectively. The ox-LDL-Ab titers and positive rate in APS group were higher than that in healthy controls [titers: 40.8 (25.4-66.0) U/mL vs. 24.1 (12.3-36.5) U/mL, P=0.001; positive rate: 67.3% vs. 36.0%, P=0.001]. The diffe-rences in titers and positive rate of ox-LDL-Ab between APS patients and disease controls were not statistically significant [titers: 40.8 (25.4-66.0) U/mL vs. 35.9 (24.2-53.1) U/mL, P=0.118; positive rate: 67.3% vs. 61.5%, P=0.318]. The area under curve (AUC) for aβ2GPI, aCL, and ox-LDL-Ab were 0.745 (95%CI: 0.692-0.797), 0.666 (95%CI: 0.608-0.724), 0.609 (95%CI: 0.549-0.669), respectively. The Youden's index was 0.388, 0.269, and 0.132, respectively. The AUC for ox-LDL-Ab in seronegative APS patients was 0.562 (95%CI: 0.480-0.645). The sensitivity and specificity of ox-LDL-Ab in seronegative APS patients were 63.9% and 47.0%, respectively, and the Youden's index was 0.109. The ox-LDL-Ab positive group had higher positive rate of aβ2GPI (42.2% vs. 18.9%, P=0.003) and aCL (22.9% vs. 7.5%, P=0.017) than the ox-LDL-Ab negative group. There was no correlation between ox-LDL-Ab and thrombosis, coronary artery disease, pregnancy morbidity, hyperlipidemia, hypocomplementemia, and LAC positivity. CONCLUSION Ox-LDL-Ab was correlated with aCL and aβ2GPI, and no association were observed between ox-LDL-Ab and thrombosis, coronary artery disease, and pregnancy morbidity.
Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Antiphospholipid Syndrome ; Antibodies, Anticardiolipin ; Retrospective Studies ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Clinical Relevance ; beta 2-Glycoprotein I ; Lupus Coagulation Inhibitor ; Lipoproteins, LDL ; Autoantibodies ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin A ; Thrombosis ; Immunoglobulin M

Objective: To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics and the survival of re-operated patients for persistent/recurrent papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and risk factors for re-recurrence after the second operation. Method: A retrospective analysis of 69 cases underwent re-operation for persistent/recurrent PTC in Sichuan Cancer Hospital from January 2010 to December 2016 was performed. There were 21 males and 48 females, aged 14-85 (44.8) years old. According to the imaging after initial treatment, they were divided into a recurrence group (42 cases) and a persistent disease/residual group (27 cases). The positive rates of ipsilateral paratracheal lymph node metastases at re-operation were calculated and compared by chi-square test. Patients were divided into different subgroups according to potential risk factors for re-recurrence. Kaplan-Meier (K-M) method was used for survival analysis. Results: The positive rate of ipsilateral paratracheal lymph node metastasis in recurrence group (15/42, 35.7%) was significantly lower than that in the persistent disease/residual group (17/27, 63.0%) (χ²=4.91, P<0.05). The follow-up period after re-operation was 60-104 months, with a median of 66 months, and 8 patients were lost to follow-up. Permanent hypoparathyroidism occurred in 2 cases (2.9%) and permanent recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy in 1 case (1.4%). Twenty patients had structural recurrences and/or distant metastases. The 5-year disease-specific survival rate was 92.8% and the 5-year recurrence-free survival rate was 68.1%. Survival analysis was performed on risk factors such as age≥55 years old, recurrent tumor diameter ≥4 cm, number of positive lymph nodes ≥ 10, and obvious extracapsular invasion (ENE). Among them, age and diameter of recurrent tumor had significant influences on recurrence-free survival rate (χ² was 6.36, 8.17, respectively, both P values<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in recurrence-free survival rates between ENE(+) group and ENE(-) group (χ²=5.52, P<0.05). Conclusion: For the re-operated patients due to persistence/ recurrence PTC, attention should be paid to protecting the parathyroid gland and recurrent laryngeal nerve during re-operation. Timely and effective postoperative follow-up for patients aged ≥ 55 years, with recurrent tumor diameter ≥ 4 cm and ENE(+), can significantly improve their prognoses.
Adult ; Carcinoma/pathology* ; Carcinoma, Papillary/surgery* ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck Dissection ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/surgery* ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/surgery* ; Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology* ; Thyroidectomy/adverse effects*

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of quantitative pulmonary administration of the essential oil from Alpiniae Zerumbet Fructus （EOAZF） on porcine pancreatic elastase （PPE）-induced emphysema in mice and explore its action mechanism. MethodC57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into five group， namely the control group， model group， low- （2 mg·kg^-1） and high-dose （20 mg·kg^-1） EOFAZ groups， and positive control dexamethasone （DEX，1 mg·kg^-1） group. The mice were treated with pulmonary administration of PPE using a microsprayer aerosolizer， once every seven days， for four times in total， for inducing emphysema. During this period， EOFAZ were administered with a quantitative microsprayer aerosolizer once every other day， for 14 times. The lung tissues were then sampled and stained with hematoxylin-eosin （HE） for observing the morphological changes and calculating the pulmonary mean linear intercept （MLI）. The concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， and interleukin-6 （IL-6） in the plasma were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. The activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD） and catalase （CAT） and the content of malondialdehyde （MDA） in the lung tissues were measured using the biochemical assay kits. The protein expression levels of nuclear factor E₂-related factor 2 （Nrf2）， quinone oxidoreductase1 （NQO1）， B cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2）-associated X protein （Bax）， and Bcl-2 in lung tissues were detected by Western blot. ResultThe results of lung morphological observation and MLI detection showed that compared with the control group， the model group showed obvious inflammatory infiltration， alveolar enlargement and fusion， and increased MLI （P<0.05）. Compared with the model group， EOFAZ effectively alleviated the pathological changes such as alveolar dilatation， pulmonary inflammatory cell infiltration， and lung cell apoptosis caused by PPE， and decreased the MLI （P<0.05）. As revealed by ELISA， the inflammatory level of mice in the model group increased significantly （P<0.01）， while the TNF-α， IL-1β， and IL-6 levels in the plasma were decreased after quantitative administration of EOFAZ （P<0.01）. Compared with the control group， the model group exhibited significantly enhanced oxidative stress （P<0.01）. After treatment with EOFAZ by quantitative administration， the activities of SOD and CAT in the lung tissue were increased （P<0.01） and the content of MDA was decreased （P<0.01）. Western blot results demonstrated that the apoptosis-related protein expression in the model group was increased significantly as compared with that in the control group （P<0.01）， whereas the expression levels of antioxidant stress proteins Nrf2 and NQO1 declined （P<0.05）. The relative protein expression of apoptosis-related proteins Bax/Bcl-2 in the EOFAZ groups was lower than that in the model group （P<0.01）， while the expression of antioxidant stress proteins Nrf2 and NQO1 was higher （P<0.05）. ConclusionQuantitative pulmonary administration of EOFAZ effectively alleviates the inflammation and oxidative stress， reduces lung cell apoptosis， and hinders the occurrence and development of emphysema. Its antioxidant mechanism is closely related to the up-regulation of Nrf2 and its downstream NQO1.

Objective:To systematically evaluate the effects of elastic resistance exercise on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods:Randomized clinical trials about elastic resistance exercise for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were searched in the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang Database and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database from inception to September, 2020. Finally, eleven literatures were included, including 9 in English and 2 in Chinese, with a total of 485 patients. The quality of the articles was evaluated using the Cochrane Library systematic review criteria and Physiotherapy Evidence Database Scale, and the data were analyzed with RevMan 5.2. The system review was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42020208659). Results:There was no significant difference in 6 Minute Walking Distance (6WMD) (MD = 1.19, 95%CI -7.02 to 9.39, P = 0.78), COPD Assessment Test (CAT) (MD = -0.43, 95%CI -2.42 to 1.57, P = 0.68) and the muscle strength (MD = 0.23, 95%CI -1.06 to 1.52, P = 0.73), with no high heterogeneity, between elastic resistance exercise group and the conventional resistance exercise group (such as weight training machine, weight training). There was no significant difference in 6MWD (MD = 18.30, 95%CI -8.92 to 45.52, P = 0.19) and CAT (MD = 0.59, 95%CI -3.78 to 2.60, P = 0.72) between the elastic resistance exercise group and the non-resistance exercise group, however, the heterogeneity between them was high. Conclusion:Elastic resistance exercise may be potentially alternative to conventional resistance training. However, the effects of elastic resistance exercise on exercise endurance, quality of life and lung function are still unclear.

Objective:A systematical study on the anti-breast cancer mechanism of tryptanthrin in breast cancer-bearing mice was done by Label-free proteomics. Method:UPLC-MS was used to detect the expressed-proteins of tryptanthrin inhibiting breast cancer in mice， chromatographic separation was achieved on the Ionoptics nano UPLC C₁₈ column （0.075 mm×250 mm， 1.6 μm）， and gradient elution was performed with 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution-0.1% formic acid acetonitrile solution as mobile phase. Data acquisition was carried out in electrospray ionization （ESI） under the positive ion mode， the scanning range was m/z 100-1 700， MaxQuant 1.6.5.0 was used for database retrieval. Label-free proteomics with high resolution mass spectrometry was used to screen differentially expressed proteins between the model group of 4T1 breast cancer mice and oral administration group of tryptanthrin （100 mg·kg^-1）. The proteomics of tryptanthrin against breast cancer was carried out. Result:A total of 3 997 proteins were identified in this proteomics research， and 2 911 proteins were quantifiable. A total of 750 differentially expressed proteins were identified between the model group and the tryptanthrin group， 286 proteins were up-regulated and 464 proteins were down-regulated. Gene ontology analysis showed that these differentially expressed proteins were mainly involved in biological processes of proliferation， cell migration， apoptosis， immunity， angiogenesis， inflammatory regulation， etc. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway analysis further indicated that these proteins were mainly concentrated in T cell receptors， B cell receptors， Toll-like receptors， nuclear transcription factor-κB （NF-κB）， Ras proteins， interleukin-17， tumor necrosis factor， phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B （PI3K-Akt）， mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） and other signaling pathways. Conclusion:The differentially expressed proteins closely related to anti-breast cancer effect of tryptanthrin on 4T1 breast cancer mice are effectively screened out， including up-regulating proteins of leukocyte differentiation antigen 14 （CD14）， prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 （PTGS2）， E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase and down-regulating proteins of CD44， heat shock 70 kDa protein 1A （HSPA1A）， macrophage migration inhibitory factor （MIF）， NF-κB， ribosomal protein S6 kinase alpha-4 （RPS6KA4） and high mobility group protein B1 （HMGB1）. These findings suggest that tryptanthrin can inhibit breast cancer in mice mainly through regulating tumor inflammatory microenvironment.