ObjectiveTo investigate the ameliorative effect of Xingpi capsules on functional dyspepsia（FD） and the potential mechanism. MethodsSixty SPF-grade male SD neonatal rats（7 days old） were randomly divided into the normal group（n=12） and the modeling group（n=48）， and the FD model was prepared by iodoacetamide gavage in the modeling group. After the model was successfully prepared， the rats in the modeling group were randomly divided into the model group， the low-dose and high-dose groups of Xingpi capsules（0.135， 0.54 g·kg^-1） and the domperidone group（3 mg·kg^-1）， with 12 rats in each group. Rats in the normal and model groups were gavaged with distilled water， and rats in the rest of the groups were gavaged with the corresponding medicinal solution， once a day for 7 d. The general survival condition of the rats was observed， and the water intake and food intake of the rats were measured， the gastric emptying rate and the small intestinal propulsion rate were measured at the end of the treatment， the pathological damage of the rat duodenum was examined by hematoxylin-eosin（HE） staining， and the expressions of colonic tight junction protein（Occludin） and zonula occludens protein-1（ZO-1） were detected by immunofluorescence. The differentially expressed genes in the duodenal tissues of the model group and the normal group， and the high-dose group of Xingpi capsules and the model group were detected by transcriptome sequencing after the final administration， and Gene Ontology（GO） and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes（KEGG） enrichment analyses were carried out. The transcriptomic results were validated by Western blot， immunofluorescence， and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR）， and the active ingredients of Xingpi capsules were screened for molecular docking with the key targets. ResultsCompared with the normal group， the general survival condition of rats in the model group was poorer， and the water intake， food intake， gastric emptying rate and small intestinal propulsion rate were all significantly reduced（P<0.05）， inflammatory infiltration was seen in duodenal pathology， and the fluorescence intensities of Occludin and ZO-1 in the colon were significantly reduced（P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the general survival condition of rats in the high-dose group of Xingpi capsules improved significantly， and the water intake， food intake， gastric emptying rate and small intestinal propulsion rate were all significantly increased（P<0.05）， the duodenal pathology showed a decrease in inflammatory infiltration， and the fluorescence intensities of colonic Occludin and ZO-1 were significantly increased（P<0.01）. Transcriptomic results showed that Xingpi capsules might exert therapeutic effects by regulating the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase（PI3K）/protein kinase B（Akt） through the key genes such as Slc5a1， Abhd6. The validation results showed that compared with the normal group， the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and Akt proteins， the protein expression level of interleukin（IL）-1β， and the fluorescence intensities of IL-6 and IL-1β were significantly increased in the model group（P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the mRNA levels of Slc5a1， Abhd6， Mgam， Atp1a1， Slc7a8， Cdr2， Chrm3， Slc5a9 and other key genes were significantly increased（P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and Akt， the protein expression level of IL-1β and the fluorescence intensities of IL-6 and IL-1β in the high-dose group of Xingpi capsules were significantly reduced（P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the mRNA levels of Slc5a1， Abhd6， Mgam， Atp1a1， Slc7a8， Cdr2， Chrm3 and Slc5a9 were significantly reduced（P<0.05）. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis and molecular docking results showed that E-nerolidol and Z-nerolidol in Xingpi capsules were well bound to ABDH6 protein， and linarionoside A， valerosidatum and senkirkine were well bound to Slc5a1 protein. ConclusionXingpi capsules can effectively improve the general survival and gastrointestinal motility of FD rats， its specific mechanism may be related to the inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway to alleviate the low-grade inflammation of duodenum， and E-nerolidol， Z-nerolidol， linarionoside A， valerosidatum and senkirkine may be its key active ingredients.

ObjectiveTo investigate the ameliorative effect of Xingpi capsules on functional dyspepsia（FD） and the potential mechanism. MethodsSixty SPF-grade male SD neonatal rats（7 days old） were randomly divided into the normal group（n=12） and the modeling group（n=48）， and the FD model was prepared by iodoacetamide gavage in the modeling group. After the model was successfully prepared， the rats in the modeling group were randomly divided into the model group， the low-dose and high-dose groups of Xingpi capsules（0.135， 0.54 g·kg^-1） and the domperidone group（3 mg·kg^-1）， with 12 rats in each group. Rats in the normal and model groups were gavaged with distilled water， and rats in the rest of the groups were gavaged with the corresponding medicinal solution， once a day for 7 d. The general survival condition of the rats was observed， and the water intake and food intake of the rats were measured， the gastric emptying rate and the small intestinal propulsion rate were measured at the end of the treatment， the pathological damage of the rat duodenum was examined by hematoxylin-eosin（HE） staining， and the expressions of colonic tight junction protein（Occludin） and zonula occludens protein-1（ZO-1） were detected by immunofluorescence. The differentially expressed genes in the duodenal tissues of the model group and the normal group， and the high-dose group of Xingpi capsules and the model group were detected by transcriptome sequencing after the final administration， and Gene Ontology（GO） and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes（KEGG） enrichment analyses were carried out. The transcriptomic results were validated by Western blot， immunofluorescence， and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR）， and the active ingredients of Xingpi capsules were screened for molecular docking with the key targets. ResultsCompared with the normal group， the general survival condition of rats in the model group was poorer， and the water intake， food intake， gastric emptying rate and small intestinal propulsion rate were all significantly reduced（P<0.05）， inflammatory infiltration was seen in duodenal pathology， and the fluorescence intensities of Occludin and ZO-1 in the colon were significantly reduced（P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the general survival condition of rats in the high-dose group of Xingpi capsules improved significantly， and the water intake， food intake， gastric emptying rate and small intestinal propulsion rate were all significantly increased（P<0.05）， the duodenal pathology showed a decrease in inflammatory infiltration， and the fluorescence intensities of colonic Occludin and ZO-1 were significantly increased（P<0.01）. Transcriptomic results showed that Xingpi capsules might exert therapeutic effects by regulating the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase（PI3K）/protein kinase B（Akt） through the key genes such as Slc5a1， Abhd6. The validation results showed that compared with the normal group， the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and Akt proteins， the protein expression level of interleukin（IL）-1β， and the fluorescence intensities of IL-6 and IL-1β were significantly increased in the model group（P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the mRNA levels of Slc5a1， Abhd6， Mgam， Atp1a1， Slc7a8， Cdr2， Chrm3， Slc5a9 and other key genes were significantly increased（P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and Akt， the protein expression level of IL-1β and the fluorescence intensities of IL-6 and IL-1β in the high-dose group of Xingpi capsules were significantly reduced（P<0.05， P<0.01）， and the mRNA levels of Slc5a1， Abhd6， Mgam， Atp1a1， Slc7a8， Cdr2， Chrm3 and Slc5a9 were significantly reduced（P<0.05）. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis and molecular docking results showed that E-nerolidol and Z-nerolidol in Xingpi capsules were well bound to ABDH6 protein， and linarionoside A， valerosidatum and senkirkine were well bound to Slc5a1 protein. ConclusionXingpi capsules can effectively improve the general survival and gastrointestinal motility of FD rats， its specific mechanism may be related to the inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway to alleviate the low-grade inflammation of duodenum， and E-nerolidol， Z-nerolidol， linarionoside A， valerosidatum and senkirkine may be its key active ingredients.

Objective To design an experimental device for simulating the interface micro motion of bone trabecular prosthesis and carry out the finite element analysis.Methods The experimental device was composed of a screw-in cylinder with threads,a flexible hinge,a micro-motion rod,a trabecular prosthesis,a connecting rod and a fixation post.A model of the experimental device was constructed with SolidWorks software,and then imported into ABAQUS software to establish a finite element model.An axial displacement load was applied to the femur to analyze the effects of the position of the flexible hinge,the gap between the prosthesis and the femur and the length of the connecting rod on the micro motion.Results The interface micro motion produced by the experimental device increased with the distance of the flexible hinge from the lower end of the screwed-in cylinder;the gap between the prosthesis and the femur did not affect the interface micro motion when the gap was not lower than 20 μm;the interface micro motion rose with the length of the connecting rod.Conclusion The experimental device can accurately simulate the micro motion of different bone trabecular prosthesis interfaces,and can be used for studying the effect of the interface micro motion on osseointegration.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(1):25-30]

Ovarian cancer has become the most lethal gynecological tumor due to the difficulty in early diagnosis,the late stage when diagnosed and the high recurrence rate.Resistance to platinum-based anti-tumor chemotherapy drugs is an important reason for the poor prognosis of ovarian cancer.circular RNA(circRNA)is more stable than mRNA in cells due to its special structure,and it is involved in the regulation of the occurrence,development and chemotherapy resistance of a variety of tumors.circRNA can be used as a competing endogenous RNA(ceRNA)of miRNA to bind to proteins,and regulates the phenotypic polarization of macrophages,it can also be used as an exosomal circRNA to regulate the sensitivity of platinum resistance in ovarian cancer.circRNA is expected to be a new marker of platinum resistance and a new target for the treatment of platinum resistance.In order to further explore the relationship between circRNA and platinum resistance in ovarian cancer,this article summarizes the recent literature related to circRNA and platinum resistance in ovarian cancer.

Trichinosis is a global food-borne zoonotic parasitic disease caused by Trichinella spiralis(T.spiralis),which causes serious harm to animal production,and the public health safety of humans and animals.T.spiralis has a complex devel-opment history,and its entire life cycle is completed in the same host.To coexist with the host,it has evolved various immune escape mechanisms for avoiding immune clearance by the host,thus establishing long-term chronic infection.In this study,to aid in understanding the pathogenic mechanism of T.spiralis,the immune escape mechanism of Trichinella is discussed from three aspects:the molecular role of antigens in various stages,the immune regulatory effect on the host,and the formation of cysts to generate immune isolation.

Objective Previous studies on the association between lipid profiles and chronic kidney disease(CKD)have yielded inconsistent results and no defined thresholds for blood lipids. Methods A prospective cohort study including 32,351 subjects who completed baseline and follow-up surveys over 5 years was conducted.Restricted cubic splines and Cox models were used to examine the association between the lipid profiles and CKD.A regression discontinuity design was used to determine the cutoff value of lipid profiles that was significantly associated with increased the risk of CKD. Results Over a median follow-up time of 2.2(0.5,4.2)years,648(2.00%)subjects developed CKD.The lipid profiles that were significantly and linearly related to CKD included total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),TC/HDL-C,and TG/HDL-C,whereas low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)and LDL-C/HDL-C were nonlinearly correlated with CKD.TC,TG,TC/HDL-C,and TG/HDL-C showed an upward jump at the cutoff value,increasing the risk of CKD by 0.90%,1.50%,2.30%,and 1.60%,respectively,whereas HDL-C showed a downward jump at the cutoff value,reducing this risk by 1.0%.Female and participants with dyslipidemia had a higher risk of CKD,while the cutoff values for the different characteristics of the population were different. Conclusion There was a significant association between lipid profiles and CKD in a prospective cohort from Northwest China,while TG,TC/HDL-C,and TG/HDL-C showed a stronger risk association.The specific cutoff values of lipid profiles may provide a clinical reference for screening or diagnosing CKD risk.

The imprint desorption electrospray photoionization mass spectrometry was employed to locally image the spatial distribution of chemical components in dried tobacco leaves after initial curing. The relative content distribution of different chemical components was obtained in tobacco leaves. The application of imprinting method could transfer tobacco internal compounds to the surface of porous polytetrafluoroethylene plate,which realized the detection and visual analysis of tobacco internal substances. Besides,the imprint desorption electrospray ionization/post-photoionization (Imprint DESI/PI) mass spectrometry imaging technique had the advantages of non-polarity discrimination,soft ionization and high ionization efficiency for plant samples,and could simultaneously detect and image rich compounds in tobacco samples. A total of 40 kinds of chemical components including alkaloids,amino acids,sugars,acids,ketones and phenols were identified based on high resolution mass spectrometry. The results showed that the representative chemical components of tobacco,such as alkaloids,amino acids and sugars,were mainly distributed near the leaf tip from the vertical analysis and at the left and right leaf edges from the horizontal analysis. Amadori compound (1-Deoxy-1-L-proline-d-fructose) was detected,and the content of Amadori was found to be consistent with that of free amino acid (proline). In addition,the technique was further used to study the climate spot disease area of tobacco,and it was found that the compounds had specific distribution in the climate spot area,which further proved the superiority of this method in studying the growth stress of tobacco leaves.

Sepsis-induced coagulopathy(SIC),a critical and potentially lethal condition arising from sepsis,results in endothelial damage and significant coagulation dysregulation,making it a major factor contributing to mortality among sepsis patients.Early diagnosis and treatment of SIC are expected to improve the prognosis of sepsis patients.In 2019,the International Society on Thrombosis and Hemostasis(ISTH)issued the first guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of SIC,but there are no corresponding protocols in China.Therefore,Chinese Society of Thrombosis,Hemostasis and Critical Care,Chinese Medicine Education Association,and Chinese People's Liberation Army Professional Committee of Critical Care Medicine jointly formulated the"Chinese Expert Consensus on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Sepsis-induced Coagulopathy(2024 edition)."This consensus includes 5 parts:pathogenesis,classification,laboratory approaches,diagnosis and treatment,with a total of 14 evidence-based recommendations to guide clinical practice.

Objective To compare the performance of machine learning(ML)and individualized treatment effect(ITE)models based on deep learning in providing personalized treatment recommendations using real-world clinical datasets,and construct personalized drug treatment recommendation models for pegylated liposomal doxorubicin(PLD)and epirubicin(EPI)in postoperative breast cancer patients,and assist clinical decision-making by evaluating the treatment effects of these drugs.Methods Clinical data of 904 breast cancer patients admitted at Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine was collected retrospectively,including 387 cases treated with PLD and 517 cases treated with EPI.The two groups were compared using propensity score matching to assess the 5-year disease free survival(DFS)outcome.Six ITE models,including CFR_WASS,were used to predict the 5-year DFS probability of patients under two drug treatments.Six machine learning(ML)models,including Random Forest,were used as baselines for performance analysis and comparison.Model's Predictive performance was evaluated based on the AUROC.The effectiveness of treatment recommendations was assessed by calculating the difference of 5-year rates between the group where the actual treatment used was consistent with the treatment recommended by the model and the control group.Results Among the 153 matched cases,there was no statistically significant difference in 5-year DFS outcomes between the two groups.In 16 pairs of cases,the PLD group showed better clinical outcomes than the EPI group,and in 12 pairs of cases,the EPI group had better clinical outcomes than the PLD group,confirming individual differences in treatment benefit between the two drugs.The CFR_WASS model achieved the optimal predictive performance(AUROC value was 0.736 8),and there was no significant difference in 5-year DFS rates between most ML groups and the control group;The 5-year DFS rate in the ITE group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.01),showing significant differences.Among them,the 5-year DFS rate in the CFR_WASS group was 2.13%lower than that in the control group.Conclusion The ITE model is more accurate in estimating the individualized treatment effects of two drugs compared to the ordinary ML model,providing effective individualized treatment recommendations,and has certain clinical application value.

Objective To analyze the stresses in implanted titanium solid and bone trabecular prosthesis hip replacements.Methods A femur model was built inversely based on Mimics software,and optimized using Geomagic software,and then materialized by SolidWorks software.The osteotomized femur was assembled with the metal femoral stem to form a model,and then the model was imported into ABAQUS for finite element calculation.The upper femur was divided into four regions in different states of integration:medial proximal point(small trochanter region),lateral proximal region(large trochanter region),proximal point of the femoral stem(region around the mid-portion of the styloid process)and distal region(around the end of the styloid process and distal portion).Calculations were carried out over the femoral stresses before and after implantation of titanium solid and trabecular prostheses under gait and stair-climbing loads and the interfacial stresses when the region was unintegrated.The type of deformation at the bone interface was analyzed by means of a stress ellipsoid.Results At the small trochanter region,the stress shielding rates of the trabecular prosthesis under gait and stair climbing loads were reduced by 20.5％and 14.7％compared to the titanium solid prosthesis,respectively.In case of different integration states of the titanium solid prosthesis,the interface tensile stresses under the gait and stair climbing loads were up to 10.842 MPa and 12.900 MPa,and the shear stresses reached 7.050 MPa and 6.805 MPa,respectively;in case of different integration states of the trabecular prosthesis,the interface tensile stresses under the gait and stair climbing loads were up to 3.858 MPa and 4.389 MPa,and the shear stresses reached 4.156 MPa and 3.854 MPa,respectively.Under the 2 different loads,the inboard shear stress ellipsoid of the interface opened toward the sides and the bone interface showed tensile deformation;the outboard shear stress ellipsoid of the interface opened up and down and had compressive deformation.Conclusion After total hip arthroplasty,the overall performance of the trabecular prosthesis is better than that of the titanium solid prosthesis.The unintegrated edges of the prosthesis-bone interface are susceptible to stress concentrations and distortion which may result in occurrence of failures.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(3):29-35]