OBJECTIVE To establish an UPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of the concentrations of cyperenone and α-cyperone in rat plasma and to study the pharmacokinetics. METHODS Gradient elution was carried out on a Phenomennex C18(150 mm×2.0 mm, 3 μm) column with acetonitrile-water as mobile phase. The column temperature was 30 ℃, injection volume was 1 μL, osthenite was used as the internal standard, electrospray ion source and positive ion mode were used. The m/z values of cyperenone, α-cyperone and osthenite were 219.1/135.1, 219.1/111.0 and 245.0/123.0, respectively. The plasma concentrations of cyperenone and α-cyperone were measured, and the main pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated using DAS 2.0 software. RESULTS The linear relationship of cyperenone was good in the range of 10-500 ng·mL-1(r=0.991 0), and the linear relationship of α-cyperone was good in the range of 2.5-300 ng·mL-1(r=0.994 1), RSDs of intra-day precision were less than 9.45%. RSDs of daytime precision were less than 9.09%. The recoveries were greater than 86.79%. After intragastric administration of essential oil extract(20 mg·kg-1) from Cyperus rotundus L. in SD rats. The pharmacokinetic parameters of Cmax, AUC0-∞ and MRT(0-∞) of cyperenone and α-cyperone were (8 862.59±1 106.81)ng·L-1, (7 060.94±774.25)ng·L-1·h, (3.21±0.72)h and (934.69±106.81)ng·L-1, (792.26±74.52)ng·L-1·h, (4.94± 0.82)h, respectively. CONCLUSION The established method can be used for the rapid and accurate determination of the concentration of cyperenone and α-cyperone in plasma, and can be used for the pharmacokinetic study of cyperenone and α-cyperone in rats in vivo.

Objective To retrospectively analyze the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria in urinary tract infection in Xiangyang Central Hospital from 2017-2019, so as to provide a basis for clinical treatment of urinary tract infection and rational use of antibiotics. Methods The pathogenic bacteria isolated from clinical urine culture in Xiangyang Central Hospital from January 2017 to December 2019 were collected, and BD Phoenix^TM 100 was used for the identification of pathogens and antimicrobial sensitivity test. The WHONET 5.6 and GraphPad Prism 5.0 software were used for data analysis. Results A total of 3 056 strains of pathogens were isolated from 15 672 urine specimens (19.50%). Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 77.95%, of which E. coli was the most common (52.45%). Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 12.63%, including E. faecalis (4.80%) and E. faecium (4.80%). Fungi accounted for 9.50%. The clinical departments with the highest rates of urinary culture submission and positive detection were Urology (26.20%) and Endocrinology (41.90%), respectively. E. coli and K. pneumoniae had high resistance rates to piperacillin, compound trimethoprim, cefuroxime, ceftriaxone and cefazolin, all exceeding 50.00%, while P. aeruginosa was relatively sensitive to various antibiotics. The resistance rates of these three gram-negative bacteria to carbapenem antibiotics increased year by year. The isolated gram-positive cocci were mainly enterococcus faecalis and enterococcus faecalis. They were highly sensitive to linazolamide, vancomycin and teicoplanin, but the resistance rates to other types of antibiotics were quite different. The average detection rates of ESBLs-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae were 52.90% and 59.00%, respectively. Conclusion The pathogens of urinary tract infections in Xiangyang Central Hospital from 2017 to 2019 are mainly gram-negative bacteria, and the resistance rate to carbapenem drugs is increasing year by year. The ESBLs-producing strains of E. coli and K. pneumoniae are highon should be strengthened in patients with high DOB value and smoking.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of combined teaching of optical laryngoscope and general laryngoscope on anesthesia undergraduate practice.Methods:A total of 40 anesthesia undergraduate students were randomly divided into group A (using the optical laryngocope only in the first month and the general laryngoscope only in the second month, n=20), and group B (using the general laryngocope only in the first month and the optical laryngoscope only in the second month, n=20). The teaching effect was evaluated through the first month and the second month of tracheal intubation assessment and questionnaire survey results. SPSS 23.0 was used for t test and chi-square test. Results:In the first month, the success rate was 90% in group A and 60% in group B, which showed that the success rate of group B was lower, with significant differences ( P < 0.05). The time for tracheal intubation in group A was (61.8±5.0) s, and that in the group B was (83.0±4.9) s, showing that the time of group B was longer, with significant differences ( P < 0.05). The complications in group A was 5%, and that in group B was 14%, showing that the group B had more cases of implications, with significant differences ( P < 0.05). In the second month, there was no significant difference in the one-time success rate, the time for tracheal intubation, and complications between the two groups ( P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in one-time success rate and complications between groups. Both groups showed that the time for general laryngoscope intubation was longer, with significant differences ( P < 0.05). All of the students believed that applying optical laryngoscope teaching was beneficial and could enhance the interest of learning, and the combination of the two methods was better. Conclusion:Using the optical laryngoscope first and then the general laryngoscope teaching is more beneficial for students to master the two methods of tracheal intubation, improve the success rate, reduce complications, and cultivates their self-confidence.

PURPOSE: . The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical performance and reliability of plasma sprayed nanostructured zirconia (NSZ) coating. MATERIALS AND METHODS: . This study consisted of three areas of analysis: (1) Mechanical property: surface roughness of NSZ coating and bond strength between NSZ coating and titanium specimens were measured, and the microstructure of bonding interface was also observed by scanning election microscope (SEM). (2) Biocompatibility: hemolysis tests, cell proliferation tests, and rat subcutaneous implant test were conducted to evaluate the biocompatibility of NSZ coating. (3) Mechanical compatibility: fracture and artificial aging tests were performed to measure the mechanical compatibility of NSZcoated titanium abutments. RESULTS: . In the mechanical study, 400 μm thick NSZ coatings had the highest bond strength (71.22 ± 1.02 MPa), and a compact transition layer could be observed. In addition, NSZ coating showed excellent biocompatibility in both hemolysis tests and cell proliferation tests. In subcutaneous implant test, NSZcoated plates showed similar inflammation elimination and fibrous tissue formation processes with that of titanium specimens. Regarding fatigue tests, all NSZ-coated abutments survived in the five-year fatigue test and showed sufficient fracture strength (407.65-663.7 N) for incisor teeth. CONCLUSION . In this study, the plasmasprayed NSZ-coated titanium abutments presented sufficient fracture strength and biocompatibility, and it was demonstrated that plasma spray was a reliable method to prepare high-quality zirconia coating.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of curcumin on the invasion and migration of human glioma cells and explore the molecular mechanisms. METHODS: MTT assay was used for screening the optimal curcumin concentrations. The effects of curcumin on the invasion and metastasis of human glioma cell lines U251 and LN229 were tested using Transwell assay, Boyden assay and wound-healing assays. The expression of the related proteins and their interactions were determined using Western blotting and coimmunoprecipitation assay. RESULTS: Curcumin at the concentration of 20 μmol/L for 48 h was used as the optimal condition for subsequent cell treatment. In the two glioma cell lines, curcumin significantly suppressed the invasion and migration of the cells ( < 0.05) and lowered the expressions of hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF), Ncadherin, vimentin, Snail and Slug, but increased the expression of E-cadherin. Interference of HDGF in curcumin-treated glioma cells synergistically inhibited the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) signals, while overexpression of HDGF significantly reversed the inhibitory effect of curcumin on EMT; curcumin treatment could significantly reduce the binding of HDGF to β-catenin. CONCLUSIONS Curcumin suppresses EMT signal by reducing HDGF/β-catenin complex and thereby lowers the migration and invasion abilities of human glioma cells .
Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement ; Curcumin ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; Glioma ; Humans ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Neoplasm Invasiveness ; beta Catenin

Objective: To investigate the osseointegration of a novel coating-plasma-sprayed zirconia in dental implant. Methods: Zirconia coating on non-thread titanium implant was prepared using plasma spraying, the implant surface morphology, surface roughness and wettability were measured. In vivo, zirconia coated implants were inserted in rabbit tibia and animals were respectively sacrificed at 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after implantation. The bond strength between implant and bone was measured by push-out test. The osseointegration was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), micro CT and histological analyses. Quantified parameters including removal torque, and bone-implant contact (BIC) percentage were calculated. Results: The surface roughness (1.6 µm) and wettability (54.6°) of zirconia coated implant was more suitable than those of titanium implant (0.6 µm and 74.4°) for osseointegration. At 12 weeks, the push-out value of zirconia coated implant and titanium implant were (64.9±3.0) and (50.4±2.9) N, and BIC value of these two groups were (54.7±3.6)% and (41.5±3.6)%. All these differences had statistical significance. Conclusions The surface characters of zirconia coated implant were more suitable for osseointegration and present better osseointegration than smooth titanium implant in vivo, especially at early stage.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to use Arginine-gingipain A gene vaccine (pVAX1-rgpA) to immunize adult Beagle dogs and to evaluate its effect during peri-implantitis progression and development. METHODS: Plasmid pVAX1-rgpA was constructed. The second and third bilateral mandible premolars of 15 adult Beagle dogs were extracted, and the implants were placed immediately. After 3 months, the animals were randomly divided into groups A, B, and C. Afterward, the animals were immunized thrice with plasmid pVAX1-rgpA, with heat-killed Porphyromonas gingivalis, or pVAX1, respectively. IgG in the serum and secretory IgA (sIgA) in saliva were quantitatively analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay before and after 2 weeks of immunization. Peri-implantitis was induced with cotton ligatures fixed around the neck of implants. Probing depth (PD) and bleeding on probing were recorded. All animals were sacrificed after ligaturation for 6 weeks. Decalcified sections with thickness of 50 μm were prepared and dyed with methylene blue to observe the bone phenotype around implants. RESULTS: Levels of serum IgG and sIgA in saliva were higher in groups A and B after immunization than before the process (P<0.05) and higher than those in group C (P<0.05). However, no difference was observed between groups A and B (P>0.05). At 4 and 6 weeks after ligaturation, PD of the ligatured side in group C was higher than that in groups A and B (P<0.05). On the other hand, no difference was identified between groups A and B (P>0.05). Bone loss in group A was significantly lower than that of the other groups (P<0.05). Abundant inflammatory cells and bacteria were present in the bone loss area around the implants in the three groups, as identified through hard tissue section observation. However, group C presented the most number of inflammatory cells and bacteria in the bone loss area around the implants. CONCLUSIONS IgG and sIgA can be generated by immunity with rgpA DNA vaccine, which can significantly slow down bone loss during experimental peri-implantitis in dogs.
Adhesins, Bacterial ; therapeutic use ; Alveolar Bone Loss ; Animals ; Arginine ; Cysteine Endopeptidases ; therapeutic use ; Dental Implants ; Dogs ; Peri-Implantitis ; prevention & control ; Porphyromonas gingivalis ; chemistry ; Vaccines ; therapeutic use

Objective: To determine total phenylethanoid glycoside and acteoside in Plantago Herba to provide reference for evaluating the quality of medicinal materials.Methods: With acteoside as the control sample, a UV visible spectrophotometric method was used to determine total phenylethanoid glycosides in Plantago Herba.An HPLC method was applied to determine acteoside in Plantago Herba , and the conditions were as follows: an ODS2 C 18 (150 mm× 4.6 mm ,5 μm) chromatographic column was used with acetonitrile-0.1% formic acid (13∶87) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 ml·min-1 , the detection wavelength was 332nm, the column temperature was 30℃, and the sample volume was 10 μl.Results: The reference solution and the sample solution had the maximum absorption at 332 nm, and the linear relationship was good within the range of 0.003 1-0.155 0 mg·ml-1 (r=0.999 5).The content of total benzene alcohol glycosides in 3 batches of samples was 2.73% , 2.61% and 2.84% , respectively;acteoside over the range of 0.000 6-0.155 0 mg·ml-1 (r=0.999 1) showed a good linear relationship with peak area,the sample recovery was 98.5% and the RSD was 1.6% (n =6), and the acteoside content in 3 batches of samples respectively was 0.54% , 0.51% and 0.56%.Conclusion: The method is simple, accurate and reproducible, and can be used for the determination of total phenylethanoid glycosides and acteoside in Plantago Herba.

Objective: To investigate the therapeutic effect of levator muscle combined with Müller′s muscle shortening for treatment of mild and moderate congenital blepharoptosis. Methods: Thirty-one cases (38 eyes) with mild or moderate congenital blepharoptosis were treated through both skin and conjunctiva approach. The levator muscle was exposed through skin approach. The Müller′s muscle was separated from conjunctiva through conjunctiva approach. The combined flap of levator muscle and Müller′s muscle was freed from the upper edge of tarsus and shortened. Then the combined flap was fixed on the upper 2/3 portion of tarsus to correct the ptosis. Results: All the patients were followed up for 6-24 months with satisfactory result . The result was graded as good 12 eyes, generally 21 eyes, inadequate correction 3 eyes, over-correction 1 eye, and nvalid correction 1 eye. The effective rate was 86.8%. Conclusions The levator muscle combined with Müller′s muscle shortening is a very simple and practicle method for mild to moderate congenital blepharoptosis with satisfactory result.

Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the trend of burden of ischemic heart disease (IHD) in China between 1990 and 2015. Methods: Data were collected from the results of 2015 Global Burden of Disease Study. We arranged and analyzed the mortality and disability-adjusted life year (DALY) for IHD by sexes, ages and provinces (excluding Taiwan, China) in China between 1990 and 2015. The age-standardized rates were determined using the average world population age structure in the period of 2010-2035 as a reference, and the changes of the related indicators were calculated. Results: In 2015, IHD caused 1 461 thousand deaths, and its age-standardized death rate was 114.8 per 100 000. Number of DALYs from IHD were 25 765 thousand in 2015, with the age-standardized DALY rate at 1 760.2 per 100 000. From 1990 to 2015, the age-standardized death rate for IHD in China increased by 13.3% but age-standardized DALY rate decreased by 3.9%. Number of IHD DALYs among male (16 664 thousand) was higher than it among female (9 101 thousand) in China in 2015, and 83.5% of total DALYs from IHD occurred among people aged over 50 years old. Province with highest age-standardized death rate was Heilongjiang, with rate at 187.4 per 100 000 in 2015. Qinghai (54.0%) increased most and Macao (-52.3%) decreased most from 1990 to 2015. Province with highest age-standardized DALY rate was Xinjiang, with rate at 3 040.8 per 100 000 in 2015. Qinghai (33.2%) increased most while Macao (-59.0%) decreased most between 1990 and 2015. Conclusion Burden of IHD in China increased remarkably from 1990 to 2015, especially among males and people aged over 50 years old. The differences among provinces were obvious.