Mice ; Animals ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry ; Alpha-Amanitin ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Metabolomics ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods*

OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical efficacy of minimally invasive technology with trajectory screw fixation for fragility fractures of pelvic(FFP). METHODS: A retrospective case control study was performed to analyze the clinical data of 35 patients with FFP who were treated and followed up between January 2016 and December 2019. There were 12 males and 23 females, aged from 65 to 99 years with an average of(75.4±7.8) years old. There were 13 cases of type Ⅱb, 7 cases of type Ⅱc, 8 cases of type Ⅲa, 2 cases of type Ⅲb, 2 cases of type Ⅲc, 1 case of type Ⅳb, and 2 cases of type Ⅳc according to Rommens FFP comprehensive classification. All patients received the treatment of minimally invasive technology with trajectory screws fixation. According to the different methods of anterior pelvic ring fixation, FFP patients were divided into two groups:12 cases were fixed with the pedicle screw rod system in the anterior pelvic subcutaneous internal fixator (INFIX) group;23 cases were fixed with hollow screws of the pubic symphysis, superior ramus of pubis or acetabular anterior column in the screw group. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative fluoroscopy times, length of hospital stay, cost of internal fixation, pre- and post-operative visual analogue scale(VAS) were compared between the two groups. The fracture reduction quality was evaluated according to the Matta criteria, and the clinical function was evaluated by the Majeed functional scoring system respectively. RESULTS: All patients were followed up for 12 to 39(16.5±5.4) months after surgery. There was no statistically significant difference in the operation time, intraoperative blood loss, intraoperative fluoroscopy time, and length of hospital stay between the two groups(P>0.05). As for the cost of internal fixation, the cost of internal fixation in the screw group [2 914 (2 914, 4 371) yuan] was significantly lower than that of the INFIX group [6 205 (6 205, 6 205) yuan] (P<0.05). No significant difference was observed in the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in VAS assessment at admission, 1 week, and 3 months after surgery between the two groups(P>0.05). However, the VAS assessment at 1 week and 3 months after surgery of the two groups were significantly better than those at admission(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the quality of fracture reduction after the operation and the efficacy evaluation at the last follow-up between the two groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSION For the treatment of fragility fractures, minimally invasive technology with trajectory screw fixation can achieve good clinical efficacy. It has the advantages of being relatively minimally invasive, less bleeding, relieving the pain. It deserves clinical application.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Blood Loss, Surgical ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Fractures, Bone/surgery* ; Humans ; Male ; Pelvic Bones/surgery* ; Retrospective Studies

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of iliolumbar fixation in the treatment of U-shaped sacral fractures. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on the 14 complex U-shaped sacral fractures which had been treated from January 2014 to December 2019, involved 10 males and 4 females, aged 24 to 48 (35.4±6.5) years. Fracture healing time, nerve function, clinical function and complications were observed in the patients. RESULTS: All patients were followed up for 9 to 16(26.0±5.9) months. The complete weight-bearing time for bone healing was(12.4±2.0) weeks. One case of surgical incision infection occurred after operation, and one case of sacrum nailspenetrated to the outer plate of sacrum. No complications such as pressure ulcers, loosening or rupture of internal fixation occurred. According to Gibbons scoring, the neurological function recovered from preoperative 2.9±0.9 to postoperative 2.1±1.1, there were statistically significant differences between preoperative and postoperative ( CONCLUSION Sacral lumbar fixation is an effective method for the treatment of U-shaped sacrum fractures. It has the advantages of strong internal fixation and satisfactory functional recovery.
Bone Screws ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Sacrum/surgery* ; Spinal Fractures/surgery* ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical efficacy of three minimally invasive methods of anterior column screw, plate and screw rod system in the treatment of anterior pelvic ring fracture. METHODS: From December 2015 to September 2018, 77 patients with pelvic anterior ring fracture were treated and followed up, including 45 males and 32 females, aged 19 to 73 years. According to AO / OTA classification, there were 26 cases of type B1, 20 cases of type B2, 17 cases of type B3 and 14 cases of type C. According to the different internal fixation methods, they were divided into three groups:anterior column screw group(35 cases), plate group(20 cases), and screw rod system group(22 cases). The operation time, intraoperative fluoroscopy times, blood loss, fracture reduction quality, complications and curative effect of the three groups were compared. RESULTS: All 77 patients were followed up for 12 to 33 (16.5±5.7) months. The operation time, intraoperative blood loss and incision length of anterior column screw group were significantly shorter than those of plate group and screw rod system group, and intraoperative fluoroscopy times of plate group were significantly less than those of anterior column screw group and screw rod system group ( CONCLUSION Minimally invasive internal fixation with anterior column screw, plate and screw rod system can obtain good clinical effect, but anterior column screw fixation has less trauma and lower incidence of surgicalcomplications.
Adult ; Aged ; Bone Plates ; Bone Screws ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Fractures, Bone/surgery* ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; Pelvic Bones/surgery* ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To explore the sensitivity of Culex pipiens pallens to common chemical insecticides in the southwestern region of Shandong Province, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the development of reasonable and effective mosquito control measures. Methods The resistance of Cx. pipiens pallens larvae to 5 chemical insecticides, such as cypermethrin, deltamethrin, DDVP, propoxur, and acetofenate were tested by using the WHO biological test method in 2018, and the co-toxicity coefficients after compounding the above-mentioned insecticides were tested by using a drug compounding method. Results The resistance indexes of Cx. pipiens pallens to cypermethrin, deltamethrin, DDVP, propoxur, and acetofenate in 3 cities were 144.43–557.54, 118.17–445.33, 6.44–19.00, 2.37–8.10, and 0.88–2.98, respectively, and expect the difference between the DDVP resistances of Cx. pipiens pallens in Jining City and Heze City was not statistically significant (P > 0.05), all the other differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). The synergistic coefficients of cypermethrin + DDVP, cypermethrin + propoxur, DDVP + acetofenate, and propoxur + acetofenate were 199.58 – 456.95, 190.56 – 292.37, 123.32 – 319.24, and 192.31 – 367.32, respectively. The lower synergism was observed by using the mixture of DDVP + propoxur (synergistic coefficient: 99.87–108.36) . Conclusions After decades of chemical control, Cx. pipiens pallens in the southwestern region of Shandong Province has produced different degrees of resistance to common chemical insecticides. Therefore, comprehensive control measures should be taken to control mosquito breeding and prevent the development of insecticide resistance.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and accuracy of hammering reverse guide wire technique for safe placement of anterior column retrograde intramedullary screw in pelvic and acetabular surgery.Methods From September 2015 to March 2018,46 patients with pelvic or/and acetabular fracture involving the anterior column were treated with hammering reverse guide wire technique for safe placement of anterior column retrograde intramedullary screw at Department of Orthopaedics,Lishui Municipal Central Hospital.They were 28 men and 18 women,aged from 21 to 85 years (mean,55.6 years).There were 34 pelvic ring fractures,9 acetabular fractures and 3 combined pelvic ring and acetabular fractures.After the anterior lateral spine of pubic tuberosity was drilled by a guide pin and drill bit as the entry point,a reverse guide wire was knocked into the bone lightly by a hammer.For each retrograde intramedullary screwing into the acetabular anterior column,we recorded operation time,fluoroscopic frequency,and attempts to establish an acceptable screw pathway by the guide pin.The accuracy of screwing and the quality of fracture reduction were evaluated by imaging examination.For each patient,we recorded fracture union time and complications.Functional recovery of the pelvis and acetabulum was assessed by postoperative physical examination at the last follow-ups.Results The operation time of retrograde intramedullary screwing for the 46 patients averaged 28.9 minutes (from 16 to 55 minutes);the fluoroscopy frequency averaged 16.3 times (from 9 to 35 times);an acceptable screw pathway was established by the first attempt in 43 of the 46 patients (93.5％) and re-established after adjustment of the guide pin in the other 3.Forty patients were followed up for an average of 15.2 months(from 6 to 36 months).Postoperative CT scan and three-dimensional reconstruction showed that all the screws had been placed safely and accurately in the acetabular anterior column.Implant loosening and fracture displacement occurred in one case and lower limb thrombosis in another.No nail breakage,fracture nonunion,incision necrosis or infection,neurovascular injury or femoral head necrosis was observed.All fractures united after an average of 14.7 weeks (from 12 to 18 weeks).According to the Majeed scoring at the last follow-ups,the pelvic and acetabular function was evaluated as excellent in 29 cases,as good in 9,and as fair in 2,giving an excellent and good rate of 95.0％.Conclusion Hammering reverse guide wire technique is an effective method for safe placement of anterior column retrograde intramedullary screw in pelvic and acetabular surgery,because it can increase accuracy of screwing and reduce intraoperative radiation,operation time and incidence of complications though it is simple.

OBJECTIVETo explore the mRNA expression of Aurora-A,B,C(AUR-A,B,C) in acute leukemia(AL) and their correlations with the clinical indications.

METHODSThe mRNA expression levels of AUR-A,B,C in 73 cases of newly diagnosed AL (untreated group), 20 cases of AL with remission (remission group) and 14 healthy volunteers as control (healthy group) were detected by QRT-PCR, and the difference of expression levels in difference groups, their correlations with clinical indicators and the correlation between the AUR-A,B,C mRNA expression levels themselves were analyzed.

RESULTSThe mRNA expression levels of AUR-A,B,C in untreated group were all higher than those in healthy group and remission group(P<0.01), but there was not significant difference between healthy group and remission group(P>0.05); the mRNA expressions of AUR-A,B,C in acute lymphoblastic leukemia(ALL) group were all significantly higher than that in AML group(P<0.01). The mRNA expression of AUR-A,B,C in high risk group was higher than that in low risk group(P<0.05), but there was no difference in mRNA expression of AUR-A,B,C between high risk group and middle risk group as well as between middle risk group and low risk group(P>0.05). The mRNA expression of AUR-A, B, C in CD34, CD71 and CD56 negative group was not statistically different from that in CD34,CD71 and CD56 positive group(P>0.05). In 73 cases of newly diagnosed AL, the mRNA expression levels of AUR-A, B significantly were positively correlated with lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) level and risk stratification (r=0.279, P=0.017; r=0.314, P=0.007 and r=0.277, P=0.018; r=0.349, P=0.002), while the mRNA expression levels of AUR-A, B were not significantly correlated with age, WBC count, blast ratio in bone marrow at initial diagnosis and remission or no-remission after 1 cours of chemotherapy; the mRNA expression level of AUR-C was significantly positively correlated with WBC count (r=0.263, P=0.025), and LDH level (r=0.348, P=0.003) at initial diagnosis and risk stratificantion(r=0.376, P=0.001), and negatively correlated with age (r=-0.241, P=0.040), and was not significantly correlated with blast ratio in bone marrow at initial diagnosis and remission or noremission after 1 course of chemotherapy. There were significant positive correlations in the mRNA expression between AUR-A and B (r=0.444, P=0.000), AUR-B and C (r=0.763, P=0.000) as well as AUR-A and C (r=0.616, P=0.000).

CONCLUSIONAur-A, B, C mRNA were highly expressed in patients with newly diagnosed AL, moreover the mRNA expression levels of Aur-A,B,C were positively correlated with each other, the high expression of Aur-A, B, C are associated with leukemia types, risk stratification, WBC count and LDH level at initial diagnosis, so they all maybe used as the prognostic markers and potential therapeutic targets.

Bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) were cultured with high glucose (33 mmol/L), 4 mg/L green tea polyphenols (GTPs) or 4 mg/L GTPs co-treatment with high glucose for 24 h in the presence or absence of Bafilomycin-A1 (BAF). We observed that high glucose increased the accumulation of LC3-II. Treatment with BAF did not further increase the accumulation of LC3-II. Results also showed an increased level of p62 and decreased Beclin-1. However, GTPs showed inversed trends of those proteins. Furthermore, GTPs co-treatment with high glucose decreased the level of LC3-II and a much higher accumulation of LC3-II was observed in the presence of BAF in comparison with high glucose alone. Results also showed a decreased p62 and increased Beclin-1. The results demonstrated that GTPs alleviated autophagy inhibition induced by high glucose, which may be involved in the endothelial protective effects of green tea against hyperglycemia.
Animals ; Autophagy ; drug effects ; Cattle ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelial Cells ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Glucose ; toxicity ; Macrolides ; pharmacology ; Polyphenols ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Tea ; chemistry

The present study was designed to determine the effects of Puer tea and green tea on blood glucose level. Male BALB/c mice were administered green tea extract (GTE) or Puer tea extract (PTE), either intragastrically or in their drinking water. The major components of these teas are epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and caffeine, respectively. Blood glucose measurement results showed that mice fed intragastrically or mice that drank GTE, PTE or caffeine showed significantly lower blood glucose levels compared to the control group. However, EGCG exhibited no influence on the blood glucose levels. When caffeine was eliminated from the GTE and PTE, the effect on the blood glucose levels was abolished, but the effect was recovered when caffeine was re-introduced into the extracts. Evaluation of hematological and biochemical indices at the time of the greatest caffeine-induced decrease in blood glucose levels showed that the effect of caffeine was specific. Microarray analyses were performed in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and mature adipocytes treated with 0.1 mg · mL(-1) caffeine to identify factors that might be involved in the mechanisms underlying these effects. The results showed that few genes were changed after caffeine treatment in adipocytes, and of them only phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) may be ralated to blood glucose. In conclusion, this study indicates that caffeine may be the key constituent of tea that decreases blood glucose levels, and it may be used to treat type 2 diabetes.
3T3-L1 Cells ; Adipocytes ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Animals ; Blood Glucose ; metabolism ; Caffeine ; pharmacology ; Camellia sinensis ; chemistry ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; pharmacology ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Phospholipid Transfer Proteins ; metabolism ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacology ; Tea

This study examined the prevalence of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) among residents aged ≥50 years living in Yongchuan district of Chongqing. Stratified cluster sampling was employed in random selection to estimate the prevalence of glaucoma from April to June, 2005. Twenty-nine villages or neighborhood communities were randomly selected in urban area (Zhongshan Road), suburban area (Shanjiao Town) and exurban area (Zhutuo Town) of this district. All the respondents underwent detailed ophthalmic examinations. The examinations included questionnaire investigation, visual acuity test, naked-eye examination, measurement of peripheral anterior chamber depth (Van Herrick's technique), detection of intraocluar pressure (IOP) with a Perkins hand-held applanation tonometer (HA-2) and examination of the optic disc by using a 78 diopters (D) lens (including the cup-disc ratio, cup/disc ratio asymmetries, horizontal and vertical diameter, notching and optic disc hemorrhages). A total of 5938 residents were actually examined, and the response rate was 85.19%. The crude prevalence of POAG was 0.86% (n=51/5938, 95% CI 0.64%-1.11%). There were 24 males and 27 females in the glaucoma group. The glaucoma prevalence was not significant different in case number between the male and female subjects (P=0.4900). Furthermore, no association between age or schooling and POAG was noted (P=0.8030, 0.0734). Out of 51 subjects with POAG, unilateral glaucoma-related blindness occurred in 38 subjects (74.5%) and bilateral glaucoma-related blindness was found in 7 subjects (13.7%). This study exhibited that the prevalence of POAG was 0.86% among residents aged ≥50 years living in Yongchuan District of Chongqing. The vision loss caused by POAG in this population was obviously higher than that previously reported in other studies. Glaucoma management, detection of affected persons and handling of the burden of glaucoma should be the priorities of the agenda of local health authorities of Western China.
Aged ; Blindness ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; China ; epidemiology ; Female ; Glaucoma, Open-Angle ; diagnosis ; epidemiology ; physiopathology ; Gonioscopy ; methods ; Health Surveys ; methods ; statistics & numerical data ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prevalence ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Vision Disorders ; diagnosis ; epidemiology