Purpose: The poor retention and ambiguous differentiation of stem cells (SCs) within corpus cavernosum (CC) limit the cell application in erectile dysfunction (ED). Herein, the effects and mechanism of microRNA-145 (miR-145) gene modification on modulating the traits and fate of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were investigated. Materials and Methods: The effects of miR-145 on cell apoptosis, proliferation, migration, and differentiation were determined by flow cytometry, cell counting kit-8, transwell assays and myogenic induction. Then, the age-related ED rats were recruited to four groups including phosphate buffer saline, BMSC, vector-BMSC, overexpressed-miR-145-BMSC groups. After cell transplantation, the CC were harvested and prepared to demonstrate the retention and differentiation of BMSCs by immunofluorescent staining. Then, the target of miR-145 was verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical. After that, APTO-253, as an inducer of Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4), was introduced for rescue experiments in corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells (CCSMCs) under the co-culture system. Results: In vitro, miR-145 inhibited the migration and apoptosis of BMSCs and promoted the differentiation of BMSCs into smooth muscle-like cells with stronger contractility. In vivo, the amount of 5-ethynyl-2′-deoxyuridine (EdU)+cells within CC was significantly enhanced and maintained in the miR-145 gene modified BMSC group. The EdU/CD31 co-staning was detected, however, no co-staining of EdU/α-actin was observed. Furthermore, miR-145, which secreted from the gene modified BMSCs, dampened the expression of KLF4. However, the effects of miR-145 on CCSMCs could be rescued by APTO-253. Conclusions Overall, miR-145 modification prolongs the retention of the transplanted BMSCs within the CC, and this effect might be attributed to the modulation of the miR-145/KLF4 axis. Consequently, our findings offer a promising and innovative strategy to enhance the local stem cell-based treatments.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of cytokine levels on early death and coagulation function of patients with newly diagnosed acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). METHODS: Routine examination was performed on 69 newly diagnosed APL patients at admission. Meanwhile, 4 ml fasting venous blood was extracted from the patients. And then the supernatant was taken after centrifugation. The concentrations of cytokines, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and ferritin were detected by using the corresponding kits. RESULTS: It was confirmed that cerebral hemorrhage was a major cause of early death in APL patients. Elevated LDH, decreased platelets (PLT) count and prolonged prothrombin time (PT) were high risk factors for early death (P <0.05). The increases of IL-5, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p70 and IL-17A were closely related to the early death of newly diagnosed APL patients, and the increases of IL-5 and IL-17A also induced coagulation disorder in APL patients by prolonging PT (P <0.05). In newly diagnosed APL patients, ferritin and LDH showed a positive effect on the expression of IL-5, IL-10 and IL-17A, especially ferritin had a highly positive correlation with IL-5 (r =0.867) and IL-17A (r =0.841). Moreover, there was a certain correlation between these five high-risk cytokines, among which IL-5 and IL-17A (r =0.827), IL-6 and IL-10 (r =0.823) were highly positively correlated. CONCLUSION Elevated cytokine levels in newly diagnosed APL patients increase the risk of early bleeding and death. In addition to the interaction between cytokines themselves, ferritin and LDH positively affect the expression of cytokines, thus affecting the prognosis of APL patients.
Humans ; Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/diagnosis* ; Cytokines/metabolism* ; Interleukin-10 ; Interleukin-17/metabolism* ; Interleukin-6/metabolism* ; Interleukin-5/metabolism* ; Blood Coagulation Disorders ; Ferritins ; Tretinoin

Drug-induced long QT syndrome (LQTS) has become an important clinical research topic, and the occurrence of acquired long QT syndrome (acLQTS) is mainly caused by drug inhibition of the human ether-α-go-go related gene (hERG) channel. The hERG gene encodes the α subunit of the fast-activating delayed rectifying potassium ion channel (Ikr), which plays an important role in the process of action potential phase 3 repolarization and is also the target of most antiarrhythmic drugs. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of hydroxyrutaecarpine (HRU) on the hERG channel and to evaluate its cardiotoxicity. The whole cell patch clamp technique was used to detect the effects of HRU on the current and kinetics of the hERG channel, and to confirm the binding site on the hERG channel. PCR was used to determine the effect of HRU on hERG mRNA expression. Western blotting was used to detect the effects of HRU on the expression of hERG protein and transcription factor Sp1. Immunofluorescence was used to confirm the effects of HRU on localization and expression of hERG protein and transcription factor Sp1. Studies have shown that transient HRU can inhibit hERG current and shorten the inactivation time constant. Its binding sites to the hERG channel are F656 and Y652. After incubation for 24 h, HRU can reduce the expression of hERG protein, inhibit the hERG current, reduce the level of hERG mRNA, and reduce the expression of transcription factor Sp1 in the nucleus and hERG protein in the cytoplasm. Immunofluorescence experiments also showed the same results suggesting that the inhibition of Sp1 expression by HRU is the cause of the decreased expression of hERG mRNA. In conclusion, the acute inhibition of HRU accelerates the channel inactivation process and reduces the inactivation time constant by binding to the F656 and Y652 sites in the hERG channel, thus reducing the hERG current. In addition, HRU also inhibits the expression of hERG protein, mainly by inhibiting the expression of transcription factor Sp1, the transcription function of hERG channel protein is down-regulated, so that the hERG protein is reduced.

Objective: To analyze the dynamic changes and influencing factors of HIV-1 DNA load in HIV-1 infected individuals under antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Dehong Dai and Jingpo autonomous prefecture, Yunnan province, and provide information support for the clinical use of HIV-1 DNA quantitative detection. Methods: The HIV infection cases in recent infection cohort from Dehong Center for Disease Control and Prevention during 2009-2018 were selected as study subjects. The dynamic curve of HIV-1 DNA load varrying with time was generated and logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify the risk factors for HIV-1 load in the recent follow up after ART and statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS 17.0. Results: Among the 113 HIV infection cases detected from the recent infection cohort, the recent HIV infection rate were 49.6%(56/113) males, sexual transmission cases and drug injection transmission cases accounted for 53.1% (60/113), 80.5% (91/113) and 19.5% (22/113), respectively. The dynamic changes curve showed that HIV-1 DNA load was relatively high (>800 copies /10⁶ PBMCs) before ART, and droped rapidly (<400 copies /10⁶ PBMCs) after ART for 1 year. However, HIV-1 DNA load decreased insignificantly from the second year of ART, and remained to be 269 copies/10⁶ PBMCs after ART for 6 years. Univariable logistic regression analysis indicated that OR (95%CI) of CD8, CD4/CD8 and HIV-1 DNA load were 1.00 (1.00-1.00), 0.30 (0.09-1.05) and 1.01 (1.00-1.01), respectively. Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that OR value of HIV-1 DNA load base was 1.00 (1.00-1.01). Conclusions: HIV-1 DNA load decreased significantly in the first year of ART, then remained stable for years. HIV-1 DNA load base was the key factor associated with the decrease of HIV-1 DNA load, the lower the HIV-1 DNA load base, the lower HIV-1 DNA load. Therefore, earlier ART can contribute to the decrease of HIV-1 DNA load.
China/epidemiology* ; DNA/therapeutic use* ; HIV Infections/drug therapy* ; HIV Seropositivity ; HIV-1/genetics* ; Humans ; Male ; Viral Load

Six new (1-6) and seven known depsidones (7-13) were isolated from the culture of an ant (Monomorium chinensis)-derived fungus Spiromastix sp. MY-1. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis including high resolution MS, 1D and 2D NMR data. The new bromide depsidones were obtained through supplementing potassium bromide in the fermentation medium of Spiromastix sp. MY-1. All isolated compounds showed various bioactivities against the tested phytopathogenic bacteria. Particularly, new bromide compound 4, named spiromastixone S, exhibited the strongest activity against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae with a MIC value of 5.2 μmol·^-1.
Animals ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Ants ; Bromides ; Depsides ; Fungi ; Lactones ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Molecular Structure

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of plasma exchange therapy on crescentic IgA nephropathy (IgAN). METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed in a cohort of patients with crescentic IgAN from January 2012 to September 2020 at 9 sites across China. Clinical and pathological data, as well as therapeutic regimens, were collected. In order to minimize the effect of potential confounders in baseline characteristics, propensity score matching using a 1 ∶1 ratio nearest neighbor algorithm was performed between the adjunctive plasma exchange therapy group and the intensive immunosuppressive therapy group. The primary outcome was end-stage of kidney disease (ESKD). Kaplan-Meier method was used to compare the difference in renal survival between the two groups. RESULTS: A total of 95 crescentic IgAN patients with acute kidney disease were included in this study, including 37 (38.9%) patients receiving adjunctive plasma exchange therapy, and 58 (61.1%) patients receiving intensive immunosuppressive therapy. In the whole cohort, the baseline eGFR was 12.77 (7.28, 21.29) mL/(min·1.73 m²), 24-hour urinary protein quantification was 5.9 (4.0, 8.9) g, and crescent percentage was 64.71% (54.55%, 73.68%). In the study, 23 patients in each group were matched after propensity score matching The median follow-up time was 7 (1, 26) months. As a whole, 29 patients (63.0%) reached ESKD, including 16 patients (69.6%) in the adjunctive plasma exchange therapy group and 13 (56.5%) patients in the intensive immunosuppressive therapy group.. There were no stastical difference between the two groups in terms of baseline eGFR [14.30 (9.31, 17.58) mL/(min·1.73 m²) vs. 11.45 (5.59, 20.79) mL/(min·1.73 m²)], 24-hour urinary protein (7.4±3.4) g vs. (6.6±3.8) g, crescent percentage 64.49%±13.23% vs. 66.41%±12.65% and the proportion of patients received steroid therapy[23 (100.0%) vs. 21 (91.3%)] (All P>0.05). Kaplan-Meier survival analysis demonstrated that there was no significant difference in renal survival rate between the two groups (Log-rank test, P=0.933). CONCLUSION The adjunctive plasma exchange therapy in addition to conventional intense immunosuppressive therapy did not additionally improve the prognosis of crescentic IgA nephropathy.
Cohort Studies ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA/pathology* ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/therapy* ; Plasma Exchange ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Steroids/therapeutic use*

Objective: This article aims to observe the changes in long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) expression profiles in rat hearts after ozone sub-chronic exposure. To provide scientific data to explore the role and mechanism of differentially expressed lncRNA in damaged hearts caused by ozone sub-chronic exposure. Methods: Eighteen Wistar rats were randomly divided into filtered air and ozone exposure groups, with nine rats in each group. The rats in filtered air group were exposed to filtered air, while the rats in ozone exposure group were exposed to ozone at 0.5 ppm(0.980 mg/m³)for 90 days at a frequency of 6 hours per day. After ozone exposure, cardiac tissues were collected and the total RNA was extracted. The expression level of lncRNA in the hearts of two groups was detected by microarray and qRT-PCR method and the potential functions of the differentially expressed lncRNA were analyzed by bioinformatics. Results: Compared with the filtered air group, lncRNA's expression profile was significantly altered in the rat hearts of ozone exposure group. A total of 167 lncRNA were up-regulated significantly and 64 lncRNA were down-regulated significantly. GO analysis indicated that the up-regulated lncRNA might involve in the process of regulating growth and development, and the down-regulated lncRNA might participate in nutrient catabolic. KEGG results showed that the up-regulated lncRNA might be involved in regulating the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. The down-regulated lncRNA might regulate the metabolic processes of various vitamins and main energy-supplying substances. Conclusion: Ozone sub-chronic exposure can cause changes in the expression profile of lncRNA in rat hearts, which may regulate the effects of ozone sub-chronic exposure on the heart through the metabolism of energy and nutrients.
Animals ; Computational Biology ; Ozone/adverse effects* ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ; RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics* ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect and possible mechanism of dimethyl fumarate (DMF) on T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), and provide experimental and theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of T-ALL. METHODS: Jurkat cells were treated with different concentrations of DMF for 24 hours, and then the proportion and absolute count of Ki67-positive Jurkat cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Meanwhile, the protein levels of nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and E3 ubiquitin ligase HACE1 in Jurkat cells treated with DMF for 24 hours were evaluated by Western blot. Nrf2 proteins were co-immunoprecipitated in Jurkat cells, and then HACE1 protein was assessed by Western blot. Plasmids of Flag-Nrf2 and different gradients of Flag-HACE1 were transfected into HEK293T cells, and the levels of Flag-Nrf2 were detected by Western blot after 48 hours. RESULTS: DMF could significantly inhibit the proportion and absolute count of Ki67-positive Jurkat cells, and DMF inhibited the proliferation of Jurkat cells in a dose-dependent manner (r=0.9595, r=0.9054). DMF could significantly up-regulate the protein levels of Nrf2 and E3 ubiquitin ligase HACE1 in Jurkat cells (P<0.01, P<0.01). HACE1 physically interacted with Nrf2 in Jurkat cells. Overexpression of Flag-HACE1 significantly increased the protein level of Flag-Nrf2 in a dose-dependent manner (r=0.9771). CONCLUSION DMF inhibits the proliferation of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell. The mechanism may be that, DMF significantly up-regulates the protein levels of Nrf2 and E3 ubiquitin ligase HACE1, and HACE1 interacts with Nrf2 and positively regulates Nrf2 protein level.
Dimethyl Fumarate/pharmacology* ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; T-Lymphocytes ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases

OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed to explore the innervation of the anterior hard palatine and its relationship with individual development stage. Specifically, the effects of anesthesia on patients of different ages were observed, and neurodevelopment in the maxillofacial region was invesitgated. References that are helpful in selecting local anesthesia were provided. METHODS: A total of 182 patients with mixed dentition were randomly divided into the nasopalatine nerve block and greater palatine nerve block groups. Then, 219 patients with permanent dentition were divided into an adolescent group (13-18 years old) and adult group (over 19 years old), all of whom underwent bilateral greater palatine nerve block. Palatal mucosal pain sensation was tested pre- and post-anesthesia with Von Frey hairs. RESULTS: Among the children with mixed dentition, bilateral greater palatine nerve block tended to result in better anesthetic effects than nasopalatine nerve block ( CONCLUSIONS The sensation of the anterior hard palatine seems mainly dominated by the greater palatine nerve until mixed dentition and gradually shifted to the nasopalatine nerve in conjunction with maxillary development and tooth replacement. Hence, the innervation of the anterior hard palatine induce a secondary development during the development of the maxilla.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Dentition, Mixed ; Humans ; Maxilla ; Maxillary Nerve ; Nerve Block ; Palate ; Palate, Hard ; Young Adult