AIM:This study examined the inhibitory effect of peiminine on the human colonic adenocarcino-ma cell line SW480 and explored the underlying mechanisms.METHODS:SW480 and human normal colonic epithelial CCD-841CoN cells were treated with different concentrations of peiminine and subjected to the CCK-8 assay to select the optimal treatment time and concentration of the compound.SW480 cell migration and invasion were evaluated by the wound-healing and Transwell assays.Cell cycle progression was analyzed by flow cytometry.The expression levels of cell cycle-related proteins were examined by Western blot.SW480 xenograft tumor model was established in nude mice to ex-amine the effect of peiminine on tumor growth and the expression of cell cycle-related proteins in vivo.RESULTS:Peimi-nine(110 mg/L)significantly inhibited the proliferation of SW480 cells compared with the control group(P<0.01),caused cell cycle arrest at G1 phase,and significantly downregulated the expression of cyclin dependent kinase 2(CDK2),CDK4,CDK6,cyclin D1,p-Rb/Rb,E2F1,E2F3,and E2F4(P<0.05).Peiminine inhibited SW480 xenograft tumor growth,prolonged the survival of model mice,and affected the expression of CDK2,CDK4,CDK6,and cyclin D1 in tu-mor tissues.CONCLUSION:Peiminine promotes G1 phase arrest by down-regulating the expression of CDK2,CDK4,CDK6,and cyclin D1,thereby inhibiting the proliferation of SW480 cells.

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.

During the storage process, Chinese medicinal materials are susceptible to insect infestation due to their own nature and external storage factors. Infestation by insects can have varying impacts on the materials. In mild cases, it affects the appearance and reduces consumer purchasing power, while in severe cases, it affects the quality, reduces medicinal value, and introduces impurities such as insect bodies, excrement, and secretions, resulting in significant contamination of the medicinal materials. This study reviewed the rele-vant factors influencing insect infestation in Chinese medicinal materials and the compositional changes that occur after infestation and summarized maintenance measures for preventing insect infestation. Additionally, it provided an overview of detection techniques applicable to identifying insect infestation during the storage of Chinese medicinal materials. During the storage process, insect infestation is the result of the combined effects of biological factors(source, species, and population density of insects), intrinsic factors(moisture, chemical composition, and metabolism), and environmental factors(temperature, relative humidity, and oxygen content). After infestation, there are significant changes in the content of constituents in the medicinal materials. By implementing strict pre-storage inspections, regular maintenance after storage, and appropriate storage and maintenance methods, the occurrence of insect infestation can be reduced, and the preservation rate of Chinese medicinal materials can be improved. The storage and maintenance of Chinese medicinal materials are critical for ensuring their quality. Through scientifically standardized storage and strict adherence to operational management standards, the risk of insect infestation can be minimized, thus guaranteeing the quality of Chinese medicinal materials.
Animals ; Drug Contamination/prevention & control* ; Insecta ; Preservation, Biological ; Temperature

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the flow immunophenotype and clinical characteristics of leukemia patients with positive SET-CAN fusion gene. METHODS: A total of 7 newly diagnosed acute leukemia patients with SET-CAN fusion gene admitted to Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from February 2016 to February 2020 were collected. Multiplex reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of SET-CAN fusion gene. The immunophenotype was detected by four-color flow cytometry. The case information of 17 literatures published at home and abroad was extracted for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Among the 7 patients, 2 cases were diagnosed as mixed phenotype acute leukemia (MPAL), 2 cases as acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and 3 cases as T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)/lymphoblastic lymphoma (LBL). Leukemia cells in bone marrow specimens of all cases expressed or partially expressed CD34, CD33 and CD7. CD5 and cytoplasmic CD3 were expressed in 5 patients except 2 patients diagnosed with AML. Bone marrow and lymph node specimens were both detected in 2 patients, and the immunophenotypes of the two specimens were not completely consistent, with differences in lineage or maturity related markers. Two patients with MPAL showed differentiated response to treatment. One AML patient gave up treatment, and another AML patient with FLT3-ITD gene mutation had a poor prognosis. All three T-ALL/LBL patients maintained a long duration of remission after induced remission, and one case underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. CONCLUSIONS There are common characteristics of immunophenotype in patients with positive SET-CAN fusion gene. Differential expression of immunophenotype in samples from different parts is observed in some cases. The prognosis of these diseases varies.
Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology* ; Bone Marrow/pathology* ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/genetics* ; Antigens, CD34 ; Precursor T-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; Immunophenotyping

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of changes in peripheral blood regulatory T lymphocyte (Treg) levels in patients with B-cell lymphoma who received chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell immunotherapy, and the relationship between Treg levels and optimal efficacy and treatment response.Methods:The data of 23 patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell malignancies who received CD19/CD22 CAR-T cell immunotherapy in Wuhan Tongji Hospital from 2019 to 2021 were retrospectively studied. The enrolled patients were divided into complete remission (CR) group (8 cases), partial remission (PR) group (7 cases) and no response(NR) group (8 cases) according to Lugano′s revised lymphoma efficacy evaluation criteria. A total of 16 patients with B-cell lymphoma who did not receive CAR-T cell immunotherapy during the same period in Wuhan Tongji Hospital were collected as the control group.In different periods during CAR-T cell immunotherapy, multicolor flow cytometry(MFC) was used to dynamically detect peripheral blood the proportion of Treg in CD4 +T cells (Treg/CD4 +T), the proportion of lymphocytes (Treg/Lym), the proportion of Treg in white blood cells (Treg/WBC), and the absolute number of Treg (Treg#). The trend of Treg levels over time, as well as the differences in Treg levels in patients with different prognosis groups in different periods were analyzed.According to the proportion of Treg and the median level of absolute number within 1 to 15 days after CAR-T cell infusion, the patients were divided into a low-level group with 11 cases and a high-level group with 12 cases. The statistical differences in the peak value of CAR-T copy, iron protein, and IL-6 were compared between various groups. Independent samples t test, Mann-Whitney U test, Cox-Stuart trend existence test and one-way analysis of variance was used in statistical analysis. Results:In the 23 patients who received CAR-T cell immunotherapy, the mean values of Treg/CD4 +T and Treg/Lym before CAR-T cell infusion were (20.42±7.96)% and (13.61±7.13)%, respectively, which were significantly higher than that of the control group [(7.33±3.61)%, t=5.893, P<0.001; (1.91±0.90)%, t=6.53, P<0.001]. The number of Treg in the meantime was significantly lower [(1.81±1.52)/μl<(13.66±9.89)/μl, t=4.261, P<0.001]. After infusion, Treg/CD4 +T and Treg/Lym all remarkably decreased ( P<0.001),Treg/WBC increased significantly( P=0.01). The mean values of Treg/CD4 +T (12.87±1.93)%, Treg/Lym (6.35±2.84)%, and Treg/WBC (0.05±0.05)% in the patients with CR as the best response group were lower than those in the PR group [(29.68±5.49)%( P<0.01), (21.85±2.1)%( P<0.01), 0.50±0.69( P<0.05)] before CAR-T cell immunotherapy. Patients with lower mean Treg/CD4 +T within 1 to 15 days after reinfusion of CAR-T cells had higher peak CAR-T copy number ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Treg/CD4 +T and Treg/Lym were increased and then decreased during CAR-T treatment in B cell malignancies. The patients with lower proportions of Treg before infusion have favorable treatment efficacy. Besides, patients with lower Treg/CD4 +T after infusion have better CAR-T cell expansion. In the process of CAR-T cell immunotherapy, the use of MFC to dynamically monitor the proportion of Treg has certain clinical significance for the prediction of the optimal efficacy of immunotherapy and the prediction of treatment response.

Humans ; Kidney/pathology* ; Plasmacytoma/pathology*

Objective: To explore the differences in subsequent analysis between metagenomic and 16Sr DNA sequencing in compositionally characterizing gut microbiota of healthy elderly. Methods: By using a panel study design, five monthly repeated measurements were performed among 76 healthy older people in Jinan City, Shandong Province. Their fecal samples were collected, and genomic DNA was extracted and analyzed through metagenomic and 16Sr DNA sequencing to compare the composition and diversity of gut microbiota. The correlation between species abundance and α diversity was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis, and the correlation between species abundance and β diversity was determined by Procrustes analysis. Results: The age of 76 participants was (65.07±2.75), and the body mass index was (25.03±2.40) kg/m². There were 38 males and 38 females. A total of 345 fecal samples were obtained from five monthly repeated measurements . Compared with 16S rDNA sequencing, metagenomic sequencing showed more annotated species at each level. The difference in the number of two sequencing species increased with the decrease of the level. Although there were significant differences in species richness between the two sequencing methods. Their species richness was highly correlated at both phylum (r=0.88, P<0.001) and genus (r=0.77, P<0.001) levels. Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes were the common dominant species. Gut microbiota diversity analysis further showed that there was a significantly positive correlation between α diversity (r=0.70, P<0.001) and β diversities (M²=0.84, P<0.05) in the two groups. Conclusion: The annotation efficiency of metagenomic sequencing is much higher than that of 16S rDNA sequencing. The two sequencing methods are consistent in phylum abundance as well as α diversity.
Male ; Female ; Humans ; Aged ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome/genetics* ; DNA, Ribosomal/genetics* ; Feces ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Metagenomics ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics*

To improve the diagnostic efficiency of prostate cancer (PCa) and reduce unnecessary biopsies, we defined and analyzed the diagnostic efficiency of peripheral zone prostate-specific antigen (PSA) density (PZ-PSAD). Patients who underwent systematic 12-core prostate biopsies in Shanghai General Hospital (Shanghai, China) between January 2012 and January 2018 were retrospectively identified (n = 529). Another group of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (n = 100) were randomly preselected to obtain the PSA density of the non-PCa cohort (N-PSAD). Prostate volumes and transition zone volumes were measured using multiparameter magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and were combined with PSA and N-PSAD to obtain the PZ-PSAD from a specific algorithm. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to assess the PCa detection efficiency in patients stratified by PSA level, and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) of PZ-PSAD was higher than that of PSA, PSA density (PSAD), and transition zone PSA density (TZ-PSAD). PZ-PSAD could amend the diagnosis for more than half of the patients with inaccurate transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) and mpMRI results. When TRUS and mpMRI findings were ambiguous to predict PCa (PIRADS score ≤3), PZ-PSAD could increase the positive rate of biopsy from 21.7% to 54.7%, and help 63.8% (150/235) of patients avoid unnecessary prostate biopsy. In patients whose PSA was 4.0-10.0 ng ml

Animals ; Carbon Tetrachloride/toxicity* ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology* ; Liver/pathology* ; Liver Cirrhosis/pathology* ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rats, Wistar ; Signal Transduction ; Smad3 Protein ; Smad7 Protein ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1/genetics*

Animals ; Asthma/drug therapy* ; Benzofurans ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; Disease Models, Animal ; Interleukin-13 ; Lung ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mucus ; Ovalbumin ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha