Objective: To understand the occurrence and predictive factors of depressive symptoms among multi ethnic middle school students in Yunnan Province, so as to provide a referential framework for schools to carry out targeted mental health education. Methods: From October to December 2022, 8 500 first grade students from 23 middle schools were selected from 11 minority areas in Yunnan Province by cluster random sampling method. Demographic information and data relating to the students lifestyles were collected by questionnaire, and the Children s Depression Inventory (CDI) was used to evaluate depressive symptoms. Chi square test was performed to compare differences in the detection rate of depressive symptoms among first grade middle school students for univariate analysis. A decision tree model of depressive symptoms in middle school students was established by using the Chi squared automatic interaction detector (CHAID). Results: The detection rate of depressive symptoms among first grade students from multi ethnic middle schools in Yunnan Province was 28.26%. The decision tree model of depressive symptoms was academic stress ( χ 2=469.08) at the first level, breakfast behaviors (low/moderate academic stress: χ 2=155.49; severe academic stress: χ 2=105.24) at the second level, and the number of close friends (low/moderate academic stress and consuming breakfast 0- 2 days weekly: χ 2=23.15; low/moderate academic stress and consuming breakfast 3-4 days weekly: χ 2=14.99; severe academic stress and consuming breakfast 0-2 days weekly: χ 2=29.26; severe academic stress and consuming breakfast 3-4 days weekly: χ 2=20.15), ethnicity ( χ 2=78.22) and drinking ( χ 2=50.36) at the third level ( P <0.01). Conclusions The study identifies academic stress, breakfast behaviors, number of close friends, drinking and ethnicity as predictive factors of depressive symptoms among multi ethnic middle school students in Yunnan Province. Schools should develop targeted strategies for preventing and managing depressive symptoms in middle school students, so as to reduce their occurrence.

Objective: To investigate the association of sugar sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption with insomnia and depressive symptoms among first grade middle school students from Yunnan Province, so as to provide evidence to guide interventions for the treatment of these symptoms in this population. Methods: From October to December 2022, 8 500 firstgrade middle school students from 11 counties in Yunnan Province were selected by cluster random sampling. Depressive symptoms, SSB consumption, and insomnia symptoms among students were evaluated by the Child Depression Scale (CDI), dietary frequency questionnaire, and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI). A Logistic regression model was employed to analyze the relationship between SSB consumption, insomnia, depressive symptoms, and their interaction effects among students. Results: The detection rate of depressive symptoms was 28.3%, and having insomnia symptoms ( OR=6.07, 95%CI =5.46-6.75), consuming carbonated beverages ( OR=1.20, 95%CI =1.08-1.34), tea ( OR=1.13, 95%CI =1.02-1.25), energy drinks ( OR=1.36, 95%CI =1.23-1.50), and other beverages ( OR=1.32, 95%CI =1.19-1.45) were positively correlated with depressive symptoms among first grade middle school students ( P < 0.05). Carbonated beverages (additive effect: OR=2.96, 95%CI =2.72-3.22, multiplicative effect: OR=4.75, 95%CI =4.25- 5.32 ), fruit drinks (additive effect: OR=2.61, 95%CI =2.40-2.82; multiplicative effect: OR=4.43, 95%CI =3.94-4.97), tea (additive effect: OR=2.70, 95%CI =2.47-2.89; multiplicative effect: OR=4.34, 95%CI =3.86-4.89), energy drinks (additive effect: OR=2.82, 95%CI =2.61-3.05; multiplicative effect: OR=4.48, 95%CI =3.92-5.12), sweetened milk (additive effect: OR= 2.73, 95%CI =2.06-2.96; multiplicative effect: OR=4.61, 95%CI =4.12-5.17) and other beverages (additive effect: OR= 2.73 , 95%CI =2.53-2.95; multiplicative effect: OR=4.56, 95%CI =4.00-5.20) had both additive and multiplicative effects with insomnia, and increased the risk of depressive symptoms in first grade middle school students ( P <0.01). Conclusions The interaction between the consumption of SSB and insomnia symptoms may increase the risk of depressive symptoms among first grade middle school students in Yunnan Province. It is necessary to advocate middle school students to reduce SSB intake, in order to decrease the occurrence of depressive symptoms among this population.

Objective To investigate the effects of pretreatment with Xuebijing injection on renal tubular injury in rats with contrast-induced acute kidney injury(CI-AKI).Methods Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were selected and divided into normal group,model group,control group,and treatment group according to the random number table method,with 6 rats in each group.The animal model of CI-AKI was prepared by adopting iohexol,and the normal group was not subjected to any treatment.The rats in the treatment group were injected with Xuebijing injection via the tail vein 15 hours before modeling until 24 hours after modeling.The injection volume was 10 mL/kg for every 6 hours.The control group was injected with normal saline at the same time point.After 24 hours of modeling,the urine of rats in each group was collected to determine the levels of blood urea nitrogen(BUN)and urine N-acetyl-β-D-gluco-aminidase(uNAG),and the blood was collected to determine the levels of serum creatinine(SCr).Then the rats were killed and the kidney tissues were extracted,and then stained with hematoxylin-eosin(HE),and the pathological changes of the kidney tissues were observed under the light microscope.Results BUN,SCr and uNAG were significantly higher in the model group than those in the normal group[BUN(μmol/L):37.29±6.18 vs.6.37±1.19,SCr(mmol/L):30.43±4.44 vs.14.90±1.61,uNAG(U/L):47.77±4.71 vs.11.32±3.62,all P<0.01];BUN,SCr and uNAG levels were obviously decreased in the treatment group compared to the model group[BUN(μmol/L):9.45±3.04 vs.37.29±6.18,SCr(mmol/L):19.83±2.16 vs.30.43±4.44,uNAG(U/L):21.70±6.21 vs.47.77±4.71,all P<0.05],however,BUN and uNAG in the treatment group were still significantly higher than those in the normal group[BUN(μmol/L):9.45±3.04 vs.6.37±1.19,uNAG(U/L):21.70±6.21 vs.11.32±3.62,P<0.05 or P<0.01];SCr in the treatment group was not statistically significant compared to the normal group(μmol/L:19.83±2.16 vs.14.90±1.61,P>0.05).Under the light microscope,the renal tubular epithelial cells at the junction of cortex and dermatomedulla in the kidneys of the model group were obviously vacuolated,accompanied by cell detachment and necrosis,and the tubules were dilated,with no obvious lesions in the glomeruli.The degree of damage in the control group and the treatment group was reduced compared with that in the model group.The degree of renal tubular damage in the model group was higher than that in the normal group;while the degree of renal tubular damage in the control group was significantly lower than that in the model group;and the degree of renal tubular damage in the treatment group was lower than that in the model group.There was no statistically significant difference in the degree of renal tubular damage between the treatment group and the control group.Conclusion Xuebijing injection may exert a protective effect on renal function in rats with CI-AKI by attenuating renal tubular injury.

Objective:To investigate the effect of heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) overexpression on the ability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and its therapeutic effect on rats with phosgene induced acute lung injury.Methods:HSP60 was transfected into MSCs by adenovirus. Western blot was used to measure the expressions of HSP60 before and after transfection. CCK-8 assay was used to detect the activity of MSCs, flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptotic ability of MSCs, and Transwell assay was used to observe the migration ability of MSCs. Sixty SPF grade male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, phosgene exposure group (inhalation of phosgene for 5 min) , MSCs group (phosgene exposure, MSCs treatment group) and transfected MSCs group (phosgene exposure, overexpression of HSP60 MSCs treatment group) . The pathological changes of lung were observed by lung pathological section, lung wet dry ratio, the degree of pulmonary edema, the total cell count and total protein content of alveolar lavage fluid, the inflammatory changes of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in BALF and serum were observed. The data were analyzed by Graphpad Prism 8.0 software. Paired comparisons were performed by non paired t-test. One way ANOVA was used for comparison between groups. Results:The proliferation ability of MSCs transfected with HSP60[ A= (0.69±0.05) ] was significantly higher than that of MSCs not transfected with HSP60[ A= (0.27±0.02) ] ( P<0.05) . Compared with the phosgene exposure group, the pulmonary edema and inflammatory factor infiltration of MSCs group and MSCs transfected group were reduced. However, compared with MSCs group, the degree of pulmonary edema in MSCs transfected group was significantly improved, the levels of inflammatory factors IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly decreased, and the total protein content and total cell count in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were less ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:MSCs transfected with HSP60 can enhance the ability of proliferation, anti apoptosis, migration and the curative effect in rats with phosgene induced acute lung injury.

Objective:To investigate the effect of heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) overexpression on the ability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and its therapeutic effect on rats with phosgene induced acute lung injury.Methods:HSP60 was transfected into MSCs by adenovirus. Western blot was used to measure the expressions of HSP60 before and after transfection. CCK-8 assay was used to detect the activity of MSCs, flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptotic ability of MSCs, and Transwell assay was used to observe the migration ability of MSCs. Sixty SPF grade male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, phosgene exposure group (inhalation of phosgene for 5 min) , MSCs group (phosgene exposure, MSCs treatment group) and transfected MSCs group (phosgene exposure, overexpression of HSP60 MSCs treatment group) . The pathological changes of lung were observed by lung pathological section, lung wet dry ratio, the degree of pulmonary edema, the total cell count and total protein content of alveolar lavage fluid, the inflammatory changes of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in BALF and serum were observed. The data were analyzed by Graphpad Prism 8.0 software. Paired comparisons were performed by non paired t-test. One way ANOVA was used for comparison between groups. Results:The proliferation ability of MSCs transfected with HSP60[ A= (0.69±0.05) ] was significantly higher than that of MSCs not transfected with HSP60[ A= (0.27±0.02) ] ( P<0.05) . Compared with the phosgene exposure group, the pulmonary edema and inflammatory factor infiltration of MSCs group and MSCs transfected group were reduced. However, compared with MSCs group, the degree of pulmonary edema in MSCs transfected group was significantly improved, the levels of inflammatory factors IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly decreased, and the total protein content and total cell count in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were less ( P<0.05) . Conclusion:MSCs transfected with HSP60 can enhance the ability of proliferation, anti apoptosis, migration and the curative effect in rats with phosgene induced acute lung injury.

Objective To investigate the approaches,techniques and efficacies ofmicrosurgical resection ofpetroclival meningiomas.Methods A total of 59 patients with petroclival meningiomas,admitted to our hospital from January 2003 to January 2016,were chosen in our study;single microscopic resection was performed in 55 patients (93.2％) and re-operation was performed in 4 patients (6.8％);29 times (46.0％) via retrosigmoid approach,17 times (27.0％) via tranpetrosal approach,and 17 time via subtemporal approach (27.0％) were chosen.The clinical data,radiological findings,surgical records and outcomes of patients were retrospectively analyzed,and the prognostic factors was analyzed.Results Complete resection was achieved in 31 patients (52.5％),subtotal resection in 19 (21.7％) and partial resection in 9 (15.3％).There was no death in perioperative period.Follow-up were obtained in 55 patients,and median follow-up was 42.6 months (ranged 3-131 months).Permanent neurological damage occurred in 16 patients (27％).Tumor recurred in 11 patients:6 had gamma knife radiosurgery,one had routine radiotherapy,and 4 required re-operation.Two patients died of tumor recurrence/progression reoperation.In these 55 patients,42 enjoyed good prognosis and 13 had poor prognosis.The tumor sizes,brainstem edema and preoperative Kamofsky performance scale scores were unfavorable prognostic factors.Conclusion By using appropriate approaches,surgical strategies and techniques,the petroclival meningiomas can be removed with relatively favorable outcome.

Nine patients with maxillofacial fracture that received intraoperative CT examination in Lanzhou General Hospital of Lanzhou Military Command from January 2017 to March 2017 were retrospectively studied. The procedure of intraoperative CT was introduced. The value of this technique was preliminarily discussed in order to provide a new method for the accurate implementation of maxillofacial fracture surgery.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the microsurgical tchniques and effects for the resection of anterior clinoid meningioma (ACM).

METHODSBetween January 2003 and March 2013, a total of 46 ACM patients were operated on via the pterion approach or lateral subfrontal approach. There were 16 male patients and 30 female patients, their mean age was 48.5 (16-69) years. Symptoms lasted from 1 month to 9 years(average 24.7 months). Preoperative CT and MRI examination showed that the tumors were located in the anterior clinoid process (25 cases on the right side, 21 cases on the left side). The average maximal tumor diameter was 4.4 cm (1.9-7.4 cm). The patients were peroidly followed-up on outpatient on 3 months to 6 months, then every year postoperativelly. The clinical data, radiological findings, surgical records and outcome of patients were retrospectively analyzed, and the prognostic factors were ananlyzed by using of the unpaired data χ(2) test with continuity correction.

RESULTSOf fourty-six patients operated on, apparently complete removal was achieved in 36 patients (78.3%), 10 patients (21.7%) had minimal residual tumors, 5 of which had gamma knife radiosurgery. Preexisting visual deficit improved in 21 of 41 patients (51.2%), unchanged in 16(35.6%), and worsened in 9(20.0%). At 3-6 months after discharge, 37(80.4%) patients had a good recovery, 7(15.6%) patients were moderately disabled, 1(2.2%) presented with severe disability, and 1 (2.2%) patient died of surgery-related causes. The tumor wrapping blood vessels (χ(2) = 4.676, P = 0.031) and violating cavernous sinus(χ(2) = 4.973, P = 0.026) were causes of unfavorable prognosis. During the mean follow-up of 35.1 months (range, 4-107 months) for 40 patients, the average Karnofsky score was 83.2. Tumor recurred in 4 cases: 2 of which required reoperation, and 2 had gamma knife radiosurgery.

CONCLUSIONSTumor wrapped vessels and invasion of the cavernous sinus are important unfavorable prognostic factors for ACM resection. By using appropriate surgical strategies and techniques, ACM can be removed safely via the pterion approach or lateral subfrontal approach with relatively low morbidity and mortality.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Meningeal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Meningioma ; surgery ; Microsurgery ; Middle Aged ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

Objective To compare continuous and discontinuous enteral nutrition methods in patients with severe craniocerebral injury. Methods Sixty-five patients with severe craniocerebral injury were divided into the control group(30 cases)and the experimental group(35 cases),they each adopted discontinuous and continuous enteral nutrition methods.The adverse reaction and the effect were observed in two groups. Results The adverse reaction of the experimental group adopting continuous enteral nutrition method was obviously lighter than that of the control group.And there was distinct difference in the total rate of effectiveness between two groups. Conclusions Continuous enteral nutrition method can effectively reduce the complication and reach satisfying effect.Its effect is better than the discontinuous enteral nutrition method.

Objective To explore the effects of mini-traumatic operation in treatment of HIH. Methods A retrospective analysis of 140 patients with HIH was carried out,who were treated with mini-traumatic operation or only medicine.Results The mortality in operation group was 14.3%,and in medicine group was 34.3%.80% patients in operation group recovered well,and 52% patients in medicine group recovered well.Conclusion Mini-traumatic operation is more effective than only treated with medicine.Six to 48 hours after onset is a good period for mini-traumatic operation.