Objective To investigate the effect of tritiated water on the immune system of zebrafish and its potential molecular mechanism. Methods Zebrafish embryos (2.5 to 3 hours post-fertilization [hpf]) were exposed to 3.7 × 10⁴ Bq/mL tritiated water (tritiated water group), and those exposed to E3 culture medium were used as the control group. The mortality rate, hatching rate, deformity rate, heart rate, body length, yolk sac area, neutrophil count in the tail, immune-related gene expression, and immune-related protein expression of zebrafish in the two groups were determined. Then transcriptome technology was used to further analyze the possible mechanism of tritiated water affecting the immune system of zebrafish. Results Compared with the control group, zebrafish at 72 hpf in the tritiated water group had no significant changes in the mortality rate, hatching rate, deformity rate, body length, and yolk sac area((t = 0.9045, 0.5000, 1.0000, 0.7238, 0.0337, P = 0.4169, 0.6433, 0.3739, 0.4785, 0.9735), but had significantly increased heart rate(t = 4.575，P = 0.002). At 4 days post-fertilization (dpf), the neutrophil count in the tail of zebrafish in the tritiated water group was significantly increased(t = 2.563，P = 0.0196), the mRNA expression of TNF-α was significantly decreased(t = 2.891, P = 0.045), the protein expression of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) was significantly increased(t = 3.848, P = 0.018), and the protein expression of NLRP3 was significantly decreased(t = 14.98, P = 0.001). At 7 dpf, the neutrophil count in the tail and the protein expression levels of NF-κB, NLRP3, and interleukin-1β were significantly decreased(t = 3.772, 7.048, 15.620, 4.423, P = 0.014, 0.002, 0.0001, 0.012). Transcriptome sequencing revealed that differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in the “neutrophil activation” and “platelet activation pathways” at 4 dpf and in the “neutrophil apoptosis”, “ferroptosis”, and “necroptosis” pathways at 7 dpf. Conclusion Tritiated water exposure induces a temporally dynamic immune response in zebrafish, potentially affecting immune homeostasis by regulating neutrophil activation and apoptosis, as well as the expression of NF-κB and NLRP3.

Objective:To investigate the impact of QiliQiangXin Capsules on ventricular remodeling and cardiac contraction and relaxation function in aging rats with heart failure following myocardial infarction.Methods:From August 2022 to August 2023, a total of 30 old rats were randomly assigned to three groups: sham-operated group, model group, and treatment group, with 10 rats in each group selected through a digital lottery method.The model and treatment groups were created by ligating the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery.The rats in the treatment group received daily administration of Astragalosa hebecarpa Drabanemerosa Strong Heart Capsule(1.0 g/kg)via gavage after 4 weeks.After the 4-week drug administration period, echocardiography was performed to measure various parameters including left ventricular end-diastolic internal diameter(LVIDd), left ventricular end-systolic internal diameter(LVIDs), left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF), left ventricular anterior wall myocardial thickness(LVAWd), mitral valve early diastolic peak flow velocity(E peak), and early diastolic velocity of mitral annulus(e peak)detected by tissue Doppler(TDI). The E/e value was calculated based on these measurements.Additionally, serum levels of B-type brain natriuretic peptide(BNP), matrix metalloproteinase 2(MMP-2), matrix metalloproteinase 9(MMP-9), and tumor necrosis factor(TNF-α)were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining was employed to observe the morphological changes in myocardial tissue.Results:Compared to rats in the model group, rats in the treatment group exhibited lower left ventricular internal dimension at end-diastole(LVIDd)(9.1±0.6 mm vs.11.4±0.8 mm, P<0.01), lower left ventricular internal dimension at end-systole(LVIDs)(5.9±0.8 mm vs.8.7±0.9 mm, P<0.01), lower E/e ratio(13.4±2.0 vs.16.3±2.8, P<0.05), higher left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)(68.8±7.1% vs.52.0±8.4%, P<0.01), and elevated left ventricular anterior wall thickness at end-diastole(LVAWd)(1.5±0.2 mm vs.1.2±0.3 mm, P<0.05). In addition, compared to rats in the model group, the treatment group showed a decrease in brain natriuretic peptide(BNP)(0.26±0.04 μg/L vs.0.34±0.05 μg/L, P<0.01), decreased matrix metalloproteinase-2(MMP-2)(3697.0±857.7 μg/L vs.4719.5±703.5 μg/L, P<0.01), decreased matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9)(87.3±13.8 μg/L vs.116.5±9.6 μg/L, P<0.01), decreased tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α)(165.3±36.9 μg/L vs.269.8±35.0 μg/L, P<0.01), and lower TNF-α levels(165.3±36.9 μg/L vs.269.8±35.0 μg/L, P<0.01). Histological examination using hematoxylin and eosin(HE)staining revealed that the treatment group had less severe cardiac myocyte arrangement disorder and inflammatory reaction compared to the model group. Conclusions:Qiliqiangxin Capsules were found to effectively delay ventricular remodeling and improve myocardial contraction and relaxation function in aging rats with heart failure after acute myocardial infarction.

Objective:To investigate the prognosis of marginal donor heart in heart transplantation.Methods:The clinical data of consecutive heart transplant recipients and donors in Zhengzhou 7th. People’s Hospital from April 2018 to November 2022 were retrospectively included. According to the definition of marginal donor hearts, the patients were divided into conventional donor hearts group (117 cases) and marginal donor hearts group ( 62 cases), the data before and after heart transplantation of the two groups were analyzed.Results:The main reason for the formation of marginal donor hearts was the cold ischemia time of donor hearts >6 h; it was easier to receive marginal donor hearts with ECMO and MV before operation; the use of marginal donor hearts in heart transplantation increased postoperative mechanical ventilation time, surgical post-intensive care unit length of stay; patients with marginal donors had lower survival than conventional donors, but did not produce a significant difference in survival after heart transplantation.Conclusion:The application of marginal donor heart in heart transplantation is an effective method to solve the shortage of heart organs and reduce the death of transplant waiting persons.

Objective To compare the therapeutic efficacy of whey protein powder in peritoneal dialysis hypoproteinemia patients.Methods From August 2019 to August 2020,100 patients with peritoneal dialysis hypoproteinemia from the Peritoneal Dialysis Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University were investigated.The patients were separated into 2 groups randomly;the study group were administered whey protein powder and the control group with high protein food.After 32 weeks of treatment,biochemical and biometric indices including hemoglobin(Hb),albumin(ALB),prealbumin(PA),triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),phosphorus(P),low density lipoprotein(LDL),high density lipoprotein(HDL),serum creatinine(Scr),blood urea nitrogen(BUN),estimated glo-merular filtration rate(eGFR),total spKt/Vurea(TKt/V),total creatinine clearance rate(TCcr),hand grip strength(HG),triceps skinfold(TSF),arm circumference(AMC),mid-arm muscle circumference(MAMC)were compared between groups.Results Compared with 0 week,at 16 and 32 weeks,ALB,PA,and HG were significantly increased in the study group(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,ALB,PA,and HG increased significantly at 16 and 32 weeks in the study group(P＜0.05).There were no significant differences in TG,TC,HDL,LDL,eGFR,TKt/V,and TCcr at 0,8,16,and 32 weeks between the control and study groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion For patients with peritoneal dialysis hypoproteinemia caused by insufficient protein intake or excessive protein loss,the addition of whey protein during peritoneal dialysis can significantly improve the nutritional status of patients,with greater efficacy than a high protein diet alone.

Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)is a pervasive neurodevelopmental disorder with onset in infancy or early childhood.Mendelian randomization(MR)is a statistical method used to infer causal relationships between exposures and outcomes.This article summarizes MR studies related to ASD.Existing research supports a causal relationship between maternal inflammatory bowel disease in children with ASD,parental education levels,screen time exposure,obesity,insomnia,serum transferrin,decreased blood selenium,abnormal signals in brain functional MRI,interleukin-6,phosphodiesterase 2A,mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3,mitochondrial ribosomal protein L33,serotonin,and ASD.However,it does not support a causal relationship between parental rheumatoid arthritis,systemic lupus erythematosus,neonatal jaundice in children with ASD,cytomegalovirus infection,asthma,oral ulcers,vitamin D levels,and ASD.This article reviews the etiological factors related to ASD and MR studies,aiming to explore and deepen the understanding of the pathophysiology of ASD.It provides strong statistical support for the prevention,diagnosis,and treatment of ASD,and offers new methods and strategies for the etiological analysis of complex traits.

Objective To explore the current research status,collaboration situation,hot spots and development trend of thermal ablation therapy for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods The Web of Science core collection database was searched,and the visualization analysis of the recent core literature was accomplished by using CiteSpace software.Results A total of 1385 core collections were enrolled in this study,and China was the country with the largest number of published academic papers.The most cited references was the theses published by Bruix,et al.The key words included radiofrequency ablation,microwave ablation,percutaneous ethanol injection,immunotherapy,fusion imaging,etc.,which could be divided into 6 clusters and 15 emergent words.Conclusion Thermal ablation of HCC has been a research hot spot in HCC treatment.This technology has been gradually maturing,and it,being combined with imaging technology and other therapeutic methods,has achieved continuous development and plays an important role in the clinical treatment of HCC.

Objective To discuss the development trend of radiofrequency ablation for benign thyroid nodules.Methods The Web of Science core ensemble database was searched for the published literature concerning the radiofrequency ablation for benign thyroid nodules,and CiteSpace software was used to complete the visualization analysis of the core literature published in recent years.Results A total of 396 core ensembles were included in this analysis,and during the period from 2013 to 2022 the number of published papers had maintained an increasing trend.China was the country that had the largest number of published papers.Baek and Jung Hwan were the authors who had the largest number of published papers,and Ulsan University had the largest number of published papers.The theses published by Kim et al were the most cited.Among the key words,the safety,effectiveness and long-term follow-up of radiofrequency ablation were more important.Conclusion Studies on radiofrequency ablation of benign thyroid nodules are increasing year by year,this therapy becomes gradually maturing,and more ablation methods are constantly emerging.

Objective To analyze the correlation of the main chemical components,physical parameters and the color of Fructus Sophorae in nine-steam-nine-bask processing.Methods The contents of sophoracin,genistein,rutin and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural were simultaneously determined by high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).The content of polysaccharide was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry.The correlation of main components,physical parameters and the color was studied by the measurement of the physical parameters and the color(L*、a*、b*)combined with hierarchical cluster analysis(HCA),principal component analysis(PCA)and partial least squares(PLS).The criteria importance through intercriteria correlation(CRITIC)method was used to make a comprehensive evaluation of the nine-steam-nine-bask processing of Fructus Sophorae.Results The methods for the content determination and chromaticity measurement were accurate and reliable.The precision,stability and repeatability tests were good.The results of HCA and PCA showed that Fructus Sophorae,which was steamed-basked for one to four times,could be grouped into one category.Fructus Sophorae steamed-basked for five to nine times were classified into another category.PLS correlation analysis showed that the contents of polysaccharide and rutin were significantly correlated with physical parameters and color.The water absorption expansion and relative density were significantly correlated with the color.The comprehensive evaluation showed that nine-steam-nine-bask Fructus Sophorae was the best.Conclusion There is certain regularity in the overall changes of the content of main components,physical parameters and the color of Fructus Sophorae during nine-steam-nine-bask processing.The combination of the internal components,the color and physical parameters provides the basis for revealing the mechanism on nine-steam-nine-bask processing of Fructus Sophorae.

The PRR11 gene (Proline Rich 11) has been implicated in lung cancer; however, relationship between PRR11 and immune infiltration is not clearly understood. In this study, we used The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data to analyze the lung adenocarcinoma patients; PRR11 gene expression, clinicopathological findings, enrichment, and immune infiltration were also studied. PRR11 immune response expression assays in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) were performed using TIMER, and statistical analysis and visualization were conducted using R software. All data were verified using Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA), and the Human Protein Atlas (HPA). We found that PRR11 was an important prognostic factor in patients with LUAD. PRR11 expression was correlated with tumor stage and progression. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) showed that PRR11 was enriched in the cell cycle regulatory pathways. Immune infiltration analysis revealed that the number of T helper 2 (Th2) cells increased when PRR11 was overexpressed. These results confirm the role of PRR11 as a prognostic marker of lung adenocarcinoma by controlling the cell cycle and influencing the immune system to facilitate lung cancer progression.
Humans ; Prognosis ; Adenocarcinoma of Lung/genetics* ; Lung Neoplasms/genetics* ; Biological Assay ; Cell Cycle

OBJECTIVE: To develop monoclonal antibodies that can specifically recognize human von Willebrand factor (VWF) propeptide (VWFpp) in plasma, and establish a rapid and reliable method for the detection of VWFpp antigen in plasma by using the double-antibody sandwich ELISA with the obtained anti-VWFpp monoclonal antibody. METHODS: The recombinant human VWFpp (D1 and D2 regions) protein expressed in eukaryotic cells was used as immunogen to immunize BALB/c mice with routine method, so as to obtain clones of fusion cells. After screening and identification, hybridoma cell lines secreting monoclonal antibodies against VWFpp were selected, and then double-antibody sandwich ELISA assay was used to construct VWFpp antigen detection kit for the determination of VWFpp in human plasma. The levels of VWFpp antigen in plasma of 12 leukemia patients who underwent bone marrow transplantation were dynamically detected. RESULTS: Two hybridoma cell lines that can be subcultured continuously and secrete monoclonal antibodies against VWFpp were obtained and named SZ175 and SZ176 respectively. Identified by ELISA and Western blot, the antibodies could both specifically recognize VWFpp but couldn't recognize mature VWF (without propeptide). Based on the principle of double-antibody sandwich ELISA, monoclonal antibodies SZ175 and SZ176 were successfully made into a kit for detecting VWFpp antigen. The plasma VWFpp levels of leukemia patients before and after bone marrow transplantation were dynamically detected. The results showed that the plasma VWFpp levels of the patients after transplantation were significantly higher than those before transplantation. CONCLUSION Two monoclonal antibodies against VWFpp were successfully prepared, and a double-antibody sandwich ELISA detection kit for VWFpp antigen was constructed, which provides a powerful tool for further study on the biological function of VWFpp, the clinical diagnosis and classification of von Willebrand disease (VWD), and the prognostic monitoring of endothelial injury-related diseases.
Animals ; Mice ; Humans ; von Willebrand Factor ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Protein Precursors/metabolism* ; von Willebrand Diseases/diagnosis* ; Prognosis