Objective: To evaluate the effects of Catalpa bignonioides fruit extract on the promotion of muscle growth and muscular capacity in vitro and in vivo. Methods: Cell viability was measured using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol- 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. Cell proliferation was assessed using a 5-bromo-2’-deoxyuridine (BrdU) assay kit. Western blot analysis was performed to determine the protein expressions of related factors. The effects of Catalpa bignonioides extract were investigated in mice using the treadmill exhaustion test and whole-limb grip strength assay. Chemical composition analysis was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results: Catalpa bignonioides extract increased the proliferation of C2C12 mouse myoblasts by activating the Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. It also induced metabolic changes, increasing the number of mitochondria and glucose metabolism by phosphorylating adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase. In an in vivo study, the extract-treated mice showed improved motor abilities, such as muscular endurance and grip strength. Additionally, HPLC analysis showed that vanillic acid may be the main component of the Catalpa bignonioides extract that enhanced muscle strength. Conclusions: Catalpa bignonioides improves exercise performance through regulation of growth and metabolism in skeletal muscles, suggesting its potential as an effective natural agent for improving muscular strength.

BPS (Biofunctional Prosthetic System) is a denture manufacturing system developed by Ivoclar Vivadent, which aims to systematically fabricate dentures without being significantly affected by the dentist’s skill level. A suction-effective denture introduced by Abe enhances retention and stability of denture by creating a negative pressure within the denture base through sealing the complete denture border with movable mucosa, and it is ideal to use BPS when fabricating suction-effective dentures. In this case, suction-effective complete denture was fabricated for an edentulous patient by using BPS, and it allowed us to obtain excellent retention of denture and satisfaction of patient.

BPS (Biofunctional Prosthetic System) is a denture manufacturing system developed by Ivoclar Vivadent, which aims to systematically fabricate dentures without being significantly affected by the dentist’s skill level. A suction-effective denture introduced by Abe enhances retention and stability of denture by creating a negative pressure within the denture base through sealing the complete denture border with movable mucosa, and it is ideal to use BPS when fabricating suction-effective dentures. In this case, suction-effective complete denture was fabricated for an edentulous patient by using BPS, and it allowed us to obtain excellent retention of denture and satisfaction of patient.

BPS (Biofunctional Prosthetic System) is a denture manufacturing system developed by Ivoclar Vivadent, which aims to systematically fabricate dentures without being significantly affected by the dentist’s skill level. A suction-effective denture introduced by Abe enhances retention and stability of denture by creating a negative pressure within the denture base through sealing the complete denture border with movable mucosa, and it is ideal to use BPS when fabricating suction-effective dentures. In this case, suction-effective complete denture was fabricated for an edentulous patient by using BPS, and it allowed us to obtain excellent retention of denture and satisfaction of patient.

To enhance the predictability of aesthetic treatment outcomes in aesthetic prosthetic restorations, considerations must include analysis of facial features, the relationship between teeth and lips, proportions of tooth width/length, gingival form, and more.Traditional diagnostic wax-ups have limitations in considering the patient’s facial features and are unable to facilitate rapid formmodifications. With recent advancements in digital technology, it is now possible to digitize the patient’s facial features in three dimensions, enabling the design of restorations that harmonize with facial features. These digital workflows not only improve efficiency but also provide patients with faster visualization of treatment outcomes, thereby enhancing motivation. Therefore, in this case, a treatment plan is devised to utilize digital diagnostic wax-ups considering the patient’s facial features for the finalprosthetic design.

In the case of skeletal class III edentulous patients, the stability of dentures can be achieved by using a crossbite by considering the residual ridge relationship when fabricating complete dentures. Forming the anterior teeth in a normal occlusal relationship in a skeletal class III ridge relationship may reduce the stability of the denture by increasing the anterior cantilever. However, when patients use complete dentures, not only functional aspects but also aesthetic aspects are important. The aesthetics of complete dentures depends on how the anterior artificial teeth are arranged, and cases of complete denture fabrication using normal occlusion or edge-to-edge bite in edentulous patients with skeletal class III ridge relationships have been reported. In this case, complete dentures were fabricated for an edentulous patient with a skeletal class III edentulous patients by forming anterior edgeto-edge bite considering neutral zone in maxillary anterior teeth, and good aesthetic and functional results were obtained.

It often happens that a removable partial denture needs to be repaired due to tissue changes in the remaining alveolar ridge, fracture of the denture, or fracture of the abutment tooth. There are several advantages to retrofitting a customized surveyed crown under the existing RPD. Retrofitting a crown to the RPD decreases the economic burden to the patient and avoids the need for several appointments to fabricate a new RPD. It is difficult for artificial teeth used to repair dentures due to fractured natural teeth to have a shape similar to that of natural teeth, and to repair aesthetic artificial teeth, it is necessary to manufacture customized artificial teeth similar to the shape of each patient’s teeth. Recently, CAD/CAM technology has been used to fabricate customized prosthetics on existing RPD to achieve high retention and fitness accuracy, and by manufacturing customized artificial teeth, more aesthetic and harmonious artificial tooth repair is possible. This is a case in which a denture was repaired using a digital method to fabricate a customized prosthesis on an existing partial denture and customized artificial teeth that mirrored the adjacent dentition, saving time and cost, simplifying the process, and achieving aesthetically and functionally satisfactory results.

To enhance the predictability of aesthetic treatment outcomes in aesthetic prosthetic restorations, considerations must include analysis of facial features, the relationship between teeth and lips, proportions of tooth width/length, gingival form, and more.Traditional diagnostic wax-ups have limitations in considering the patient’s facial features and are unable to facilitate rapid formmodifications. With recent advancements in digital technology, it is now possible to digitize the patient’s facial features in three dimensions, enabling the design of restorations that harmonize with facial features. These digital workflows not only improve efficiency but also provide patients with faster visualization of treatment outcomes, thereby enhancing motivation. Therefore, in this case, a treatment plan is devised to utilize digital diagnostic wax-ups considering the patient’s facial features for the finalprosthetic design.

In the case of skeletal class III edentulous patients, the stability of dentures can be achieved by using a crossbite by considering the residual ridge relationship when fabricating complete dentures. Forming the anterior teeth in a normal occlusal relationship in a skeletal class III ridge relationship may reduce the stability of the denture by increasing the anterior cantilever. However, when patients use complete dentures, not only functional aspects but also aesthetic aspects are important. The aesthetics of complete dentures depends on how the anterior artificial teeth are arranged, and cases of complete denture fabrication using normal occlusion or edge-to-edge bite in edentulous patients with skeletal class III ridge relationships have been reported. In this case, complete dentures were fabricated for an edentulous patient with a skeletal class III edentulous patients by forming anterior edgeto-edge bite considering neutral zone in maxillary anterior teeth, and good aesthetic and functional results were obtained.

It often happens that a removable partial denture needs to be repaired due to tissue changes in the remaining alveolar ridge, fracture of the denture, or fracture of the abutment tooth. There are several advantages to retrofitting a customized surveyed crown under the existing RPD. Retrofitting a crown to the RPD decreases the economic burden to the patient and avoids the need for several appointments to fabricate a new RPD. It is difficult for artificial teeth used to repair dentures due to fractured natural teeth to have a shape similar to that of natural teeth, and to repair aesthetic artificial teeth, it is necessary to manufacture customized artificial teeth similar to the shape of each patient’s teeth. Recently, CAD/CAM technology has been used to fabricate customized prosthetics on existing RPD to achieve high retention and fitness accuracy, and by manufacturing customized artificial teeth, more aesthetic and harmonious artificial tooth repair is possible. This is a case in which a denture was repaired using a digital method to fabricate a customized prosthesis on an existing partial denture and customized artificial teeth that mirrored the adjacent dentition, saving time and cost, simplifying the process, and achieving aesthetically and functionally satisfactory results.