BackgroundCurrently， the problem of depressed mood in college students is becoming more prominent. The experience of childhood maltreatment is a significant contributor to depression among college students. Although the association between the two has been confirmed， the specific psychosocial mechanisms underlying how childhood maltreatment affects college students' mental health remain insufficiently evidenced. ObjectiveTo explore the mediating role of emotion regulation difficulties in the relationship between childhood maltreatment and depression among college students， and to investigate the moderated effects of psychological resilience and family socioeconomic status， aiming to provide references for improving depressive symptoms in college students. MethodsOn 14 March 2024， a cluster sampling method was employed to recruit 751 college students from a university in Heilongjiang Province. Participants were assessed with Childhood Trauma Questionnaire （CTQ）， Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale （DERS）， Patients' Health Questionnaire Depression Scale-9 item （PHQ-9）， 10-item Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale （CD-RISC-10） and Family Socioeconomic Status Questionnaire. Pearson correlation analysis was adopted to examine the correlation between the scores of scales. Model 4 and model 7 in Process 4.2 were used to test the mediating effects of emotional regulation difficulties and the moderated effects of psychological resilience and family socioeconomic status. Results① A total of 712 （94.81%） valid questionnaires were collected. ② College students' CTQ score was positively correlated with DERS score and PHQ-9 score （r=0.296， 0.507， P<0.01）， and negatively correlated with CD-RISC-10 score and Family Socioeconomic Status Questionnaire score （r=-0.148， -0.229， P<0.01）. ③ The indirect effect value of difficulties in emotion regulation on the relationship between childhood maltreatment and depression was 0.091 （95% CI： 0.018~0.046）， accounting for 17.95% of the total effect. ④ The first half of the mediation model "childhood maltreatment → difficulties in emotion regulation → depression" （childhood maltreatment → difficulties in emotion regulation） was moderated by psychological resilience （β=-0.030， t=-6.147， 95% CI： -0.040~-0.020） and family socioeconomic status （β=-0.051， t=-3.929， 95% CI： -0.077~-0.026）. ConclusionChildhood maltreatment exerts both a direct effect on college students' depression and an indirect effect through emotion regulation difficulties. The childhood maltreatment → emotion regulation difficulties pathway in this mediation model is moderated by psychological resilience and family socioeconomic status. ［Funded by Qiqihar Medical University Graduate Student Innovation Fund Project （number， QYYCX2023-48）； Special Research Fund Project for Young Doctors of Qiqihar Academy of Medical Sciences （number， QMSI2021B-08）］

Objective To investigate and analyze the behavioral and pathological differences in early-stage mouse models of epilepsy established by 2 different administration routes for kainic acid(KA),intracerebroventricular(ICV)injection and intraperitoneal(IP)injection.Methods A total of 100 male C57BL/6N wild-type(WT)mice(20～22 g)were randomly divided into ICV+normal saline(NS)control group(n=10),ICV+KA model group(n=40),IP+NS control group(n=10)and IP+KA model group(n=40).The ICV+KA model group was given 600 nL of KA(0.5 mg/mL)via ICV injection,and the IP+KA model group was injected with different dose of KA(25 mg/kg).Two control groups were administered equal volumes of NS via corresponding routes.After 3 d of modeling,the evaluation of behavioristics,molecular biology(including Western blotting),and neuropathological assessments(including FJB staining,TUNEL staining and immunofluorescence staining)were performed.Results No epileptic seizures were observed in both 2 control groups,while exhibited seizures were observed in both model groups.The mortality rates of the IP+KA group and the ICV+KA group were 47.50%and 65.00%respectively,while the success rates of modeling were 80.00%and 60.00%respectively.Compared with the IP+KA group,the ICV+KA group showed a significant increase in success rate and a significant reduction in mortality rate.FJB and TUNEL staining results showed that,compared with the IP+KA group,the severity of neurodegeneration and apoptotic changes in the hippocampus of the ICV+KA group were more significant(P＜0.05).Compared with the IP+KA group,there was also a significant difference in the expression of apoptotic proteins in the hippocampus of the ICV+KA group(P＜0.05).Immunofluorescence results showed that the astrocytes and microglia in the hippocampus and cortex of the ICV+KA and IP+KA groups were significantly activated compared with the control groups(P＜0.05),but the activation of glial cells in the hippocampus and cortex of the ICV+KA group was stronger than that of the IP+KA model group(P＜0.05)and the activation levels in the ICV+KA group were higher than in the IP+KA model group(P＜0.01).Moreover,expression levels of GFAP and Iba-1 proteins in the hippocampus and cortex were higher in the ICV+KA group than the IP+KA group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Two routes of KA administration are effective in construct epilepsy models.The mice with ICV administration route show a higher success rate and lower mortality rate,and more significant neuropathological damage and glial cell activation.

Objective To construct a nomogram to predict the prognosis of patients with gallbladder cancer(GBC).Methods The clinicopathological data of GBC patients were extracted from the SEER database,and the independent prognostic factors of GBC patients were analyzed by Cox regression,and a nomogram was constructed.Finally,the column diagrams in the training queue and validation queue are verified.Results Age,T stage,M stage,histological grade,radiotherapy,surgery and tumor size were independent prognostic factors in GBC patients,and the differences were statistically significant(P＜0.05).In the training cohort,the C index was 0.735(95％CI=0.721～0.749),and the AUC values at 1,3 and 5 years were 0.821,0.820 and 0.833,respectively.In the verification group,the C index was 0.733(95％CI=0.711～0.755),and the AUC values for 1,3 and 5 years were 0.816,0.807 and 0.827,respectively.The calibration curve shows that the predicted values of the nomogram are in good agreement with the observed values.The decision curve shows that the nomogram model has better prediction ability than TNM staging system.Conclusion The constructed dynamic prognosis nomogram of GBC patients has high accuracy and reliability.

BACKGROUND:Osteoporosis is a common comorbidity in patients with knee osteoarthritis.The impact of osteoporosis on the prognosis of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty is a trending topic of current research. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of different bone densities on the stress value and stress distribution of each structure in the joint after unicompartmental knee arthroplasty using finite element analysis,and to evaluate the correlation between osteoporosis and complications. METHODS:CT and MRI were adopted to obtain the lower limb image data of a volunteer.Geomagic Studio,Ansys workbench,and Mimics were used to establish a finite element model of the knee joint with normal sclerotin condition(T-value≥-1.0).The finite element model of the knee joint with osteopenia(-2.5can cause biomechanical abnormalities of the internal structure of the knee joint after the treatment of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty,which may increase the incidence of complications and the risk of re-surgery.

A novel pair of Z/E isomeric compounds with unprecedented carbon skeleton were isolated from an aqueous extract of Aspongopus chinensis Dallas by macroporous resin, silica gel, and semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Their structures were identified by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Infrared spectroscopy (IR), Mass spectroscopy (MS) and other spectroscopic methods as (Z)-3-(but-1″-en-1″-yl)-1-(2ʹ-hydroxyethyl)-4-propylpyridin-1-ium, namely aspongopyridine A, and (E)-3-(but-1″-en-1″-yl)-1-(2ʹ-hydroxyethyl)-4-propylpyridin-1-ium, namely aspongopyridine B, respectively. Besides, the anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, acetylcholinesterase inhibition and butyrylcholinesterase inhibition activities of the compounds 1 and 2 were evaluated. The results showed that compounds 1 and 2 have no anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor, and butyrylcholinesterase inhibition activities instead of weak acetylcholinesterase inhibition activity.

Objective : To investigate the expression of genes and proteins in the peripheral blood mononuclear cell ( PBMC) cystine / glutamate antiporter system (System Xc-) / glutathione ( GSH) / glutathione peroxidase 4 ( GPX4) ferroptosis pathway and its influence on inflammatory factors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis ( RA) ． Methods : 30 patients with RA and 30 healthy participants were enrolled．PBMCs were isolated using Ficoll-hypaque density gradient centrifugation．The cells were categorized into the healthy control，RA，ferroptosis inhibitor，ferroptosis in- ducer group．The cell viability was checked using the cell counting kit-8 ( CCK-8) method．Intracellular Fe2 + rela- tive fluorescence intensity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were detected using the FerroOrange and Di- hydroethidium (DHE) fluorescent probes，respectively．Western blot and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) de- tected the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 ( Nrf2 ) ，solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) ，GPX4 proteins and mRNA．And the flow cytometry quantified the levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) ，Interleukin (IL) -1，and IL-6 in the supernatant of each cell group. Results : Compared to the healthy control group，the RA group showed a significantly increased Fe2 + concentration and elevated ROS levels，reduced expression of Nrf2，SLC7A11 and GPX4 proteins and mRNA，and increased contents of TNF-α , IL-1 and IL-6 in PBMC supernatant，and the differences were statistically significant．The concentration of Fe2 + and ROS levels in the inhibitor group were lower than those in the RA group，the proteins expressions of Nrf2，SLC7A11 and GPX4 increased，the mRNA expressions of SLC7A11 and GPX4 increased，the content of IL-6 in the PBMC supernatant decreased but the content of TNF-α increased，and the differences were statistically significant．In contrast，the in- ducer group，when compared to the RA group，displayed increased ROS levels，reduced expression of SLC7A11 protein and mRNA and decreased expression of Nrf2 protein，and the contents of TNF-α and IL-1 in the PBMC su- pernatant increased，but the expression of GPX4 protein increased ，and the differences were statistically signifi- cant．The inducer group，compared to the RA group，showed increased cell viability，and the difference was statis- tically significant (P＜0. 000 1) ． Conclusion The presence of ferroptosis in PBMC in RA patients，inhibiting or inducing PBMC ferroptosis in RA patients，will inhibit or promote the secretion of inflammatory factors．Inhibition of PBMC ferroptosis in RA patients may be helpful in the treatment of RA.

Background::The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria were published to build a global consensus on nutritional diagnosis. Reduced muscle mass is a phenotypic criterion with strong evidence to support its inclusion in the GLIM consensus criteria. However, there is no consensus regarding how to accurately measure and define reduced muscle mass in clinical settings. This study aimed to investigate the optimal reference values of skeletal muscle mass index for diagnosing sarcopenia and GLIM-defined malnutrition, as well as the prevalence of GLIM-defined malnutrition in hospitalized cirrhotic patients.Methods::This retrospective study was conducted on 1002 adult patients with liver cirrhosis between January 1, 2018, and February 28, 2022, at Beijing You-An Hospital, Capital Medical University. Adult patients with a clinical diagnosis of liver cirrhosis and who underwent an abdominal computed tomography (CT) examination during hospitalization were included in the study. These patients were randomly divided into a modeling group (cohort 1, 667 patients) and a validation group (cohort 2, 335 patients). In cohort 1, optimal cut-off values of skeletal muscle index at the third lumbar skeletal muscle index (L3-SMI) were determined using receiver operating characteristic analyses against in-hospital mortality in different gender groups. Next, patients in cohort 2 were screened for nutritional risk using the Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002), and malnutrition was diagnosed by GLIM criteria. Additionally, the reference values of reduced muscle mass in GLIM criteria were derived from the L3-SMI values from cohort 1. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the association between GLIM-defined malnutrition and clinical outcomes.Results::The optimal cut-off values of L3-SMI were 39.50 cm 2/m 2 for male patients and 33.06 cm 2/m 2 for female patients. Based on the cut-off values, 31.63% (68/215) of the male patients and 23.3% (28/120) of the female patients had CT-determined sarcopenia in cohort 2. The prevalence of GLIM-defined malnutrition in cirrhotic patients was 34.3% (115/335) and GLIM-defined malnutrition was an independent risk factor for in-hospital mortality in patients with liver cirrhosis ( Wald = 6.347, P = 0.012). Conclusions::This study provided reference values for skeletal muscle mass index and the prevalence of GLIM-defined malnutrition in hospitalized patients with liver cirrhosis. These reference values will contribute to applying the GLIM criteria in cirrhotic patients.

Objective To develop a damage control operation(DCO)simulation training platform for traumatic brain injury(TBI)in wartime based on mixed reality to open up a new path for surgical skills training of military surgeons.Methods The platform mainly consisted of wartime TBI DCO simulation training software,a surgical manikin and a HoloLens 2 MR device.The simulating training software was developed with C# language and the technologies of MR,basic gestures,spatial scanning positioning and etc on the basis of constructed surgical decision-making training system,virtual surgical environment and functional modules.The surgical manikin was customized with reference to the standard body type of an adult male with a height of 180 cm,and an electronic chip was developed and placed inside the head of the manikin to execute data matching with the simulation training software.The simulation training software was installed and run in the HoloLens 2 MR device to realize TBI DCO simulation training on the virtual reality interactive model.Results The platform developed implemented the functions of virtual reality interactive model reset positioning,operation simulation training,examination and on-site demonstration,which gained advantages in stimulating learning interest and facilitating risk-free,time-and space-indepen-dent,immersive and interactive learning and was generally recognized by the trainees.Conclusion The simulation training platform can be a supplementary to other training means to improve the ability of military surgeons in damage control operation.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(2):17-21]

Objective To study the ability of radial basis function neural network(RBFNN)with different implementations for electrical impedance tomography(EIT)under real brain shapes,to evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of different approaches,and to provide a reference for the selection of practical imaging methods.Methods COMSOL Multiphysics was used to establish a multilayer 2D model with real structure based on brain CT and an EIT simulation dataset.The effects of the exact RBFNN,the orthogonal least squares-based RBFNN(OLS RBFNN)and the K-Means-based BRFNN(K-Means RBFNN)on the image reconstruction result were explored with the dataset constructed.The root mean square error(RMSE)and image correlation coefficient(ICC)were adopted to evaluate the imaging results.Results EIT could be completed with all the three RBFNNs without noise,and the exact RBFNN had the best results with average ICC and RMSE of 0.784 and 0.467,respectively,in the test set.The OLS RBFNN had the best imaging results at a hidden node of 50,with an average ICC and RMSE of 0.788 and 0.462,respectively.The K-Means RBFNN achieved the best imaging results at noise levels of 30,40,50,60,70 and 80 dB with stable ICC and RMSE and high robustness.Conclusion All the three RBFNNs can be used for brain EIT image reconstruction with their own advantages and disadvantages,and the RBFNN has to be selected for EIT reconstruc-tion based on considerations on actual conditions.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(10):1-6]

Objective:To establish a practical and systematic pre-deployment base-based training course for medical units in peacekeeping level-II hospitals.Methods:We surveyed the current status of pre-deployment training of medical teams in peacekeeping level-II hospitals, and organized expert discussions to preliminarily construct centralized training course contents. At the same time, the Delphi method was used to conduct two rounds of questionnaire-based consultation to evaluate the overall framework design of the course and the rationality and importance scores of each module. The contents of the pre-deployment training course were further selected and optimized based on the positive coefficient (%), authority coefficient (Cr), coefficient of concordance ( W), and coefficient of variation (Cv). Results:The contents of the pre-deployment training course for the medical units of peacekeeping level-II hospitals were preliminarily established. The experts scored high for the combat onsite first-aid skills module [rationality score, (9.32±0.75) points; importance score, (9.45±0.65) points] and the combat wound treatment module [rationality score, (9.33±0.75) points; importance score, (9.28±0.74) points], and scored lowest for the field survival module [rationality score, (7.95±2.28) points; importance score, (7.87±2.16) points].Conclusions:The established contents of the pre-deployment base-based training course for the medical units of peacekeeping level-II hospitals are reasonable and practical, which lays the foundation for perfecting the pre-deployment training system of peacekeeping medical teams.