Interventions for endometriosis(EMs)include surgical excision of lesions and hormonal therapy,which usually have limited efficacy and adverse drug reactions.Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has the multi-component and multi-target characteristics,which can help patients achieve good clinical benefits by intervening in different parts of the disease.In this paper,we briefly discuss the modern pharmacology of Sanlang and Curcuma longa,and deeply summarize the possible mechanisms of action of TCM monomer and classical compound extracts and their active ingredients through signal pathways in inflammation,immune system,angiogenesis,hormone regulation,etc.,so as to provide theoretical bases for the clinical use of TCM monomers,drug-to-drug groups and compounds in the treatment of EMs.

Objective To construct curcumin pyrazole derivative by the reaction of diketone of curcumin and benzylhydrazine based on the above structure-activity relationship,and to explore its antioxidant activity to provide experimental basis for the development of curcumin antioxidant derivative.Methods Curcumin-N-substituted pyrazole derivative was synthesized from curcumin and benzylhydrazine.The structures of the derivative were confirmed by infrared spectroscopy(IR),nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(1H-NMR,13C-NMR)and LC-MS.The antioxidant activity in vitro of the derivative was evaluated by determination of curcumin and its pyrazole derivative scavenging ability for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH)free radical and 2,2'-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid(ABTS)free radical.Results Curcumin pyrazole derivative was successfully synthesized.Curcumin and its pyrazole derivative showed good free radical scavenging effects in the range of 4.6-73.6,6.25-100 μg·mL-1,respectively,with a significant dose-effect relationship.The half-maximal inhibition(IC50)values of curcumin and its pyrazole derivatives determined by DPPH method were 14.24,40.37 μg·mL-1,respectively,while the IC50 values of curcumin and its pyrazole derivatives determined by ABTS method were 36.65,19.26 μg·mL-1,respectively.Conclusion The antioxidant activity of β-dione of curcumin was retained through the substitution of the pyrazole ring,and the curcumin pyrazole derivative deserves further investigation as a potential antioxidant.

Objective: This study was designed to conduct a retrospective and systematic occupational health risk assessment (OHRA) of enterprises that used benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX) in Shanghai, China. Methods: All data for the study were obtained from 1,705 occupational health examination and evaluation reports from 2013 to 2017, and a semiquantitative model following Chinese OHRA guidelines (GBZ/T 298-2017) was applied for the assessment. Results: The selected enterprises using BTX were mainly involved in manufacturing of products. Using the exposure level method, health risk levels associated with exposure to BTX were classified as medium, negligible, or low. However, the risk levels associated with benzene and toluene were significantly different according to job types, with gluers and inkers exhibiting greater health risks. For the same job type, the health risk levels assessed using the comprehensive index method were higher than those using the exposure level method. Conclusion Our OHRA reveals that workers who are exposed to BTX still face excessive health risk. Additionally, the risk level varied depending on job categories and exposure to specific chemicals. Therefore, additional control measures recommended by OHRA guidelines are essential to reduce worker exposure levels.
Air Pollutants, Occupational/analysis* ; Benzene/analysis* ; China ; Humans ; Occupational Exposure/adverse effects* ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Assessment ; Toluene/analysis* ; Xylenes/analysis*

Objective To investigate the quality of life (QOL) and mental health status of patients with HIV/AIDS in Minhang District of Shanghai,and to explore the factors that affect their quality of life.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Minhang District among HIV/AIDS patients.All subjects finished general situation questionnaire,Beck depression inventory (BDI),self rating anxiety scale (SAS),social support scale (SSS) and generic quality of life inventory-74 (GQOLI-74) survey.Results A total of 294 patients were recruited in this study with mean age of (39.6 ± 12.6) years old.Among the subjects,mean score of SAS was 40.5 ± 8.8,higher than national normative score (t =20.8,P＜0.001).The prevalence of anxiety was 13.9％.The mean score of BDI was 8.90 ± 8.59,and the prevalence of depression was 28.6％.The mean score of quality of life (QOL) was 66.6 ± 10.9.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that QOL of patients with high school or secondary school was lower than those with college and above education (OR =0.34,95 ％ CI:0.12-0.95).QOL scores of patients with moderate or severe depression were lower than those with less depressed patients,OR values were 0.14(95 ％ CI:0.06-0.34) and 0.07(95 CI:0.03-0.20)respectively.QOL of patients with anxiety was lower than the patients without anxiety (OR =0.10,95 ％CI:0.04-0.27).QOL of patients with high scores of social support was higher than the patients with low scores of social support (OR =3.95,95 ％ CI:1.82-8.59).Conclusions We should pay more attention to the psychological state of patients with HIV/AIDS.The quality of life can be improved by improving social support and reducing the occurrence of anxiety and depression.

Objective To understand the trends and epidemiological characteristics of syphilis in Minhang District of Shanghai,so as to provide scientific basis for making control strategies.Methods The data of reported cases of syphilis in Minhang District from 2005 to 2016 were analyzed with epidemiological methods.Results Overall 11 394 cases of syphilis were reported from 2005 to 2016,the incidence was 42.9 per 100 000 person-year.The incidences of Phase Ⅰ,Phase Ⅱ,Phase Ⅲ,genital and latent syphilis were 10.3,13.4,0.3,2.3 and 16.6 per 100 000 person-year,respectively.In 2009,the incidence reached 59.1 per 100 000 person-year and reach peak.The cases were constituted by local residents (62.4％) and residents from other provinces (37.6％),male patients predominated with male/female ratio of 1.1∶1.Most cases were aged from 25 to 54 years old(61.1 ％),and those people older than 54 years were more and more likely to be found infected.Local residents predominated by those who aged 25-64 years (74.2％) and other province predominated by 15-44 years (79.1％),the ratios of male/female were 1.3 ∶ 1 and 0.8 ∶ 1.Female were much younger than male,there were 50.0％ of female and 29.3％ of male who were aged between 15-34 years old.Latent syphilis was mostly reported in local male residents who were older than 55 years,female who were 25-54 years and other provinces' female aged 15-44.Phase Ⅰ and Ⅱ syphilis were mostly reported in local male residents less than 55 years old and other provinces' male less than 65 years old.There were significant difference between residence,sex,age and different kinds of syphilis with P＜0.001.Conclusions The trends of syphilis incidence was increasing before 2009 in Minhang District and then declining and slowing down in recent years.The measure of reinforcing monitor,propaganda and education,active screening syphilis in female and local old man should be taken to control and prevent the spread of syphilis.

70 clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated from AIDS patients in two HIV/AIDS referral hospitals in Beijing were used in this study. M. tuberculosis and non-tuberculosis mycobacterium (NTM) were identified by using multi-locus PCR. M. tuberculosis was genotyped by using 15-locus MIRU-VNTR technique and spoligotyping afterwards. Meanwhile, the drug susceptibilities of the strains to the four first-line anti TB drugs (rifampin, isoniazid, streptomycin, and ethambutol) and the four second-line anti-TB drugs (capreomycin, kanamycin, ofloxacin, and ethionanide) were tested with proportional method. In this study, M. tuberculosis and NTM strains isolated from AIDS patients with TB-like symptoms were identified and genotyping analysis indicated that Beijing genotype was the predominant genotype. In addition, the prevalence of drug-resistant TB, especially the prevalence of XDR-TB, was higher than that in TB patients without HIV infection.
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections ; microbiology ; Antitubercular Agents ; pharmacology ; China ; Humans ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; classification ; drug effects ; isolation & purification ; Phylogeny ; Tuberculosis ; complications ; microbiology

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the perinatal management and outcome of different types of fetal arrhythmia.

METHODSA retrospective analysis was conducted among the fetuses with arrhythmia identified by M-mode and pulsed Doppler echocardiography in a single institution between October 2003 and December 2010.

RESULTSA total of 130 fetuses were found to have fetal arrhythmia. The most common arrhythmia during pregnancy was extrasystole (n=59), followed by bradycardia (n=23), tachycardia (n=16), atrial flutter (AF, n=3), atrioventricular block (AVB, n=12) and other arrhythmia (n=17). The overall incidence of cardiac anomalies (commonly fetal bradycardia) was 9.2% in these cases. The prognosis of arrhythmia differed significantly between cases of different classifications. The type of fetal arrhythmia (P=0.024), presence of congenital heart defect (CHD, P=0.000) and fetal hydrops (P=0.008) were significant risk factors associated with termination of pregnancy.

CONCLUSIONFetal arrhythmias without CHD or hydrops under close monitoring often have good clinical outcome, while fetal bradycardia is associated with a high mortality rate. CHD and the presence of fetal hydrops are significant risk factors for pregnancy termination.

Adult ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; classification ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Fetal Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; diagnostic imaging ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color ; Ultrasonography, Prenatal ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) on hepatoma cell growth through p14(ARF)-dependent and p14(ARF)-independent pathways.

METHODSHBx and p14(ARF) were transfected either separately or in combination into HepG2 cells containing wt-p53 but not expressing p14(ARF). The cells were divided into 4 groups, namely pcDNA3 (control), pcDNA3HBx, pcDNA3p14(ARF), and pcDNA3HBx + pcDNA3p14(ARF) groups. Flow cytometry was used to examine the apoptosis rates and cell cycle progression of HepG2 cells in different groups. The expression of p14(ARF), MDM2, p53, and p21(WAF1) proteins were investigated by detecting the activity of p21(WAF1) promoter-luciferase and using Western blotting.

RESULTSThe apoptosis rates of HepG2 cells in pcDNA3HBx and pcDNA3p14(ARF) groups were significantly higher than that in the control group (14.11%, 13.72% vs 10.66%). Compared with the control group, pcDNA3HBx and pcDNA3p14(ARF) groups also showed significantly higher cell percentages arrested at G(0)/G(1) phase (63.62%, 61.75% vs 57.42%), luciferase activity of p21 promoter (1.25-/+0.05, 1.09-/+0.06 vs 0.77-/+0.03) and expressions of p53 and p21(WAF1). The cell apoptosis rate, percentage of cells in G(0)/G(1) phase and expression level of p14(ARF) were even higher in pcDNA3HBx+pcDNA3p14(ARF) group (18.61%, 66.74%, and 3.53-/+0.43, respectively) than in either p14(ARF) or HBx group.

CONCLUSIONHBx induces p53 expression through p14(ARF)-dependent and independent pathways to activate p21(WAF1) promoter, leading to G(0)/G(1) arrest and apoptosis of HepG2 cells.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; genetics ; pathology ; virology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 ; genetics ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; virology ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Trans-Activators ; genetics ; Transfection ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF ; genetics ; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the expression and significance of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma) in human glioma.

METHODSImmunohistochemical staining for PPAR gamma was performed using biopsy specimens of human glioma of various histological types. Expression of PPAR gamma and GFAP in glioma cell lines SWO-38, U251 and SHG-44 were analyzed using Western blotting and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).

RESULTSImmunohistochemical study showed that PPAR gamma was expressed in glioma tissues with positive rate of 37.5%. Western blotting and RT-PCR showed that PPAR gamma was expressed in both glioma cell lines SWO-38 and U251, but not in SHG-44 cells. However, high expression of GFAP was detected in SHG-44 cells.

CONCLUSIONPPAR gamma is associated with carcinogens of glioma. Actived PPAR gamma by agonist may be a novel approach to the treatment of glioma.

Blotting, Western ; Brain Neoplasms ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Glioma ; genetics ; metabolism ; pathology ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; PPAR gamma ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; RNA, Messenger ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

OBJECTIVETo explore the biological impact of 40 amino acid deletion at the C-terminal of hepatitis B virus X on the proliferation of hepatoma cells.

METHODSCells of SMMC-7721 hepatoma cell line were transfected with HBx and its derivative HBx3'-40, harboring the 40 amino acid deletion at the distal C-terminal region. Cell growth curve, colony formation in soft agar plate and tumorigenesis assay in nude mice were used to observe the alterations induced by the transfection of HBx and HBx3'-40. The expression level of PCNA in tumor cells was also investigated.

RESULTSThe growth rates of the cells transfected with HBx and HBx3'-40 were markedly increased as compared with that of the control group. The colony formation rates were enhanced in the cells transfected with HBx(48.7 +/- 8.1) and HBx3'-40 (82.8+/-6.0), comparing with the control (26.9 +/- 3.5) %. In the tumorigenic assay, the size and weight of tumors were significantly increased in the cells transfected with HBx (0.412 +/- 0.212, 0.395 +/- 0.159) % and HBx3'-40 (1.476 +/- 0.232, 0.987 +/- 0.279) %, as compared with the control group (0.051 +/- 0.024, 0.033 +/-0.004) %. The expression level of PCNA in tumors was increased in both HBx (59.00 +/- 2.58) % and HBx3'-40 (69.25 +/- 3.77) % transfected cells, comparing with the control (37.67 +/- 2.52) %. Overall, the cells transfected with HBx3'-40 demonstrated the highest proliferative capacity.

CONCLUSIONThe deletion of 40 amino acids in the C-terminal of HBx is correlated with an enhanced proliferation of hepatoma cells and may play an important role in the malignant transformation of the liver.

Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; Hepatitis B virus ; genetics ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Neoplasm Transplantation ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; metabolism ; Sequence Deletion ; Trans-Activators ; genetics ; Transfection