AIM: To provide references for the non-clinical evaluation of therapeutic targets or drugs for retinoblastoma, fluorescently labeled Y79 cells are injected into the vitreous body of BALB/c-nu mice to establish a retinoblastoma model, and the Melphalan treatment group is used as a positive control, which is verified by fluorescence imaging technology.METHODS: BALB/c-nu mice were intravitreous injected with GFP transfected Y79 cells(1.0×107 cell/mL, 3 μL)to establish the model. On the 27th day, the mice were randomly divided into model control group and different doses of Melphalan groups(1, 3, 10 μg/eye groups)according to the fluorescence value of in vivo imaging, with vitreous body single administrated and ocular symptoms observed daily. Slit-lamp examination was performed at 12, 20, 29, 35, 42, 48, 55, 76, and 83 d after modeling. In vivo imaging was performed on 12, 20, 27, 41, 48, 55, 62, 69, 76, and 83 d. At the last treatment, the eyeball, brain and cerebellum tissues were removed for histopathological examination.RESULTS: From the sixth day of modeling, cloud-like substances could be seen in the eyes of the animals, and the cloud-like substances occupied the whole eyeball of the mice in the model control group at the later stage, accompanied by irregular growth of blood vessels. After 27 days of modeling, the fluorescence value was detected in all the animals, and the fluorescence value continued to increase with the extension of modeling time. The fluorescence value of the tumor reached the peak after 69-83 days of modeling. Histological examination showed severe proliferation of intraocular tumor cells in the model control group, and tumor cells were observed in the brain of 1 model animal. In the 10 μg/eye Melphalan group, the fluorescence value was significantly decreased at 17 d after administration. The fluorescence value of the 3 μg/eye Melphalan group was significantly inhibited at 59 d after administration. No tumor cells were found in the brain tissue of animals in all Melphalan groups.CONCLUSION: After vitreous injection of Y79/pCDH-LUC-copGFP cells in BALB/c-nu mice, significant ocular lesions and proliferation of tumor cells were observed in the eyes. Meanwhile, Melphalan intervention significantly inhibited tumor cells in a dose-dependent manner, indicating that the mouse model of retinoblastoma was successfully constructed.

Forsythiae fructus,a traditional Chinese medicine for heat clearing and detoxifying,is commonly used in clinic.It mainly contains phenylethanol glycosides,lignans,terpenoids,volatile oils,flavonoids and other chemical components.Numerous studies have confirmed that forsythiae fructus has anti-inflammatory,antibacterial,antiviral,anti-cancer and other pharmacological effects.Moreover,it has high safety.In this paper,the chemical composition,pharmacological action and safety of forsythiae fructus were reviewed.The aim of this study is to collect the relevant research achievements of forsythiae fructus,and to provide ideas and references for its further research and clinical application.

ObjectiveThis paper aims to analyze the current status of outcome indicators in randomized controlled trials （RCT） of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） for treating chronic atrophic gastritis （CAG）， so as to provide references for constructing the core outcome set （COS） of TCM in the treatment of CAG. MethodChina National Knowledge Infrastructure （CNKI）， Wanfang， VIP， SinoMed， PubMed， Embase， and Cochrane Library databases were searched for RCTs of TCM in the treatment of CAG in the last five years. The risk of bias of included studies was evaluated， and the selection status of outcome indicators was statistically analyzed. ResultA total of 150 RCTs were included， with a sample size of 44-398 cases. 164 outcome indicators were reported， with an application frequency of 1 229 times. The outcome indicators were classified into seven indicator domains according to functional attributes， followed by physical and chemical examination （69.41%）， TCM syndrome （12.69%）， symptoms and signs （11.15%）， safety indicators （5.37%）， quality of life （0.65%）， long-term prognosis （0.65%）， and economic evaluation （0.08%）. According to the statistical analysis， there were problems in the selection of outcome indicators in RCTs of TCM for treating CAG， including various indicators， non-standard name reports， unclear primary and secondary indicators， random combination of subjective and objective indicators， neglected patient report outcome indicators， missing long-term prognosis and economic indicators， insufficient reporting of safety indicators， and inconsistent measurement tools and measurement time points. ConclusionIn the past five years， there have been many problems in the selection of outcome indicators in RCTs of TCM for treating CAG. It is necessary to actively promote the construction of the COS of TCM in the treatment of CAG and promote the high-quality development of clinical research of TCM.

Objective To observe the efficacy and side effects of anlotinib combined with paclitaxel and cisplatin as the first-line treatment of advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Methods We retrospectively analyzed 50 cases of advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma diagnosed pathologically. Among them, 24 cases were treated with the combination of anlotinib and paclitaxel plus cisplatin (experimental group), and 26 cases were treated with paclitaxel plus cisplatin regimen (control group). The efficacy and adverse reactions were observed and followed up. Results The objective response rates of the experimental and control groups were 83.33% and 53.84% (P < 0.05), the disease control rates were 100% and 96.15% (P > 0.05), mPFS were 10.6 and 9.13 months (P < 0.05), and mOS were 13.4 and 11.8 months (P < 0.05). The common adverse events in the experimental group were hand-foot syndrome (12.5%), hypertension (12.5%), epistaxis (8.33%) and proteinuria (4.16%), all of which were grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ and controllable without affecting the continuity of chemotherapy. Conclusion The combination of anlotinib, paclitaxel and cisplatin as the first-line treatment of advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma can improve the curative effect and the adverse effects are endurable.

Objective:To explore the application effect of nursing based on transtheoretical model in patients with oral surgery.Methods:A total of 120 patients with oral surgery who were admitted to Department of Stomatology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University from October 2019 to January 2020 were selected as research objects by the convenient sampling method. According to random number table, they were divided into the control group and the observation group, with 60 cases in each group. Patients in the control group were given routine nursing while patients in the observation group were given transtheoretical model-based nursing at basis of the control group. The amount of dental plaque, comfort of oral cavity, score of psychological state and degree of oral cleanliness before and after nursing were compared between the two groups.Results:After intervention, the amount of dental plaque and the score of oral comfort in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . After intervention, SAS and SDS scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . The degree of oral cleanliness of the observation group was better than that of the control group after intervention, and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:Nursing based on transtheoretical model can effectively reduce postoperative amount of oral plaque of patients with oral surgery, improve comfort of oral cavity and oral cleanliness and correct bad mood of patients, which is worthy of clinical application.

Objective To explore the clinical value of related indicators of blood analysis in the differential diagnosis of acute and chronic leukemia .Methods From January 2015 to June 2017 ,15 patients with acute leukemia ( A group ) and 10 patients with chronic leukemia ( B group ) , and 20 healthy volunteers ( C group ) , 20 cases of nosocomial infection(D group) in Jiaocheng People's Hospital of Lyuliang were selected .The differences of WBC, RBC,PLT,HB in four groups were analyzed,and the differences of WBC,immature granulocyte percentage (IG％), immature granulocyte(IG),the percentage of naive cells ,immature cells count between A group and B group were further analyzed.Results The count of WBC from high to low was B group [(120.3 ±39.2) ×109/L],A group [(81.4 ±29.2) ×109/L],D group[(26.3 ±10.3) ×109/L],C group [(5.4 ±1.9) ×109/L],there was statistically significant difference among the four groups (P <0.05).The count of RBC in C group [(4.6 ± 1.3) ×109/L] ≈D group [(4.0 ±0.9) ×109/L] >B group [(1.4 ±0.7) ×109/L] >A group [(0.6 ± 0.1) ×109/L](P<0.05).The count of PLT in D group [(361.5 ±103.3) ×109/L] >C group [(264.3 ± 84.2) ×109/L] >B group [(12.3 ±6.5) ×109/L] ≈A group [(5.9 ±1.7) ×109/L](P<0.05).Through the analysis of bone marrow AML 11 cases,54.55％was M2,followed by M1,M3,M5.ALL in 4 cases,CML in 10 cases. The IG％,IG count,WBC,percentage of naive cells ,immature cells count in A group and B group were increased ,but in the different types of leukemia increased in amplitude had significant difference , AML was characterized by the increase of IG％and percentage of naive cells ,ALL was characterized by the significant increase of WBC ,CML was characterized by the significant increase of WBC ,IG％,IG count.Conclusion Blood analysis is of high value in the differential diagnosis of acute and chronic leukemia .It can provide a reliable basis for the initial diagnosis and classification of leukemia ,and can be used to guide clinical treatment .

Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common monogenic disease that causes intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder (ASD),causing moderate to severe mental retardation with unusual facial features and connective tissue abnormalities.Fragile X syndrome is caused by the mutation of FMR1 gene,resulting in the reduction or loss of its product,fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP).The diagnosis is mainly based on the detection of FMR1 gene,and there is no effective treatment for fragile X syndrome.Therefore,it is very important to strengthen genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis,and effectively reduce the incidence of fragile X syndrome.

Objective To explore the influence of icotinib in the apoptosis of the human salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma cells ACC-M, and to clarify the mechanism of icotinib for the treatment of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma.Methods The ACC-M cells were randomly divided into control group,2,4,8μmo1·L-1 icotinib groups,p38-MAPK inhibitor SB203580 (20μmol· L-1 )group,SB203580 (20 μmol· L-1 )+4μmo1 · L-1 icotinib group;the cells were collected 4 h after treatment.The viability of ACC-M cells was measured by MTT assay.The apoptosis of ACC-M cells was assessed by caspase-3 activity kit. The expression of p-p38-MAPK protein was determined by Western blotting analysis.Results Compared with control group,the inhibitory rates of growth of the ACC-M cells in icotinib groups were significantly decreased (P<0.05 ), and the activities of caspase-3 were increased (P<0.05),and the expression levels of p-p38-MAPK were significantly increased (P<0.05).Compared with 4μmo1·L-1 icotinib group,the expression level of p-p38-MAPK in SB203580+icotinib group were decreased (P < 0.05 ), and the activity of caspase-3 was decreased dramatically (P < 0.05 ). Conclusion Icotinib may induce the apoptosis of ACC-M cells through the activation of p38-MAPK signaling pathway.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To investigate the effects of sulindac on oxidative stress in autism.METHODS:With an au-tistic model induced by prenatal exposure to valproic acid ( VPA) , we detected the expression of the signaling molecules of canonical Wnt pathway in the prefrontal cortex ( PFC) and hippocampus ( HC) of autistic rats treated with sulindac.The protein expression levels of glycogen synthase kinase 3β(GSK-3β), β-catenin and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) were ob-served by Western blotting.The mRNA expression of thioredoxin(Trx)1 and Trx2 was assessed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR.RESULTS:The protein level of GSK-3βand mRNA levels of Trx1 and Trx2 were lower, whereas the protein expres-sion levels ofβ-catenin and 4-HNE were higher in VPA group than those in control group.In contrast, the protein levels of GSK-3βwere significantly higher in the animals treated with both VPA and sulindac than those in VPA group, while the lev-els ofβ-catenin and 4-HNE were decreased.CONCLUSION:Sulindac attenuates oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of au-tism, suggesting the up-regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway disrupts oxidative homeostasis and further facili-tates susceptibility to autism.

Objective To investigate the significance of Th 17 cells, Treg cells and Th17/Treg cell-associated cytokines in the development of tuberculous pleurisy through detecting the expressions of Th 17 cells and Treg cells (CD4+CD25+Foxp3+) in CD4+T cells, analyzing concentrations of IL-17, IL-23, IL-6 and TGF-βin serum of patients with tuberculous pleurisy and healthy controls and measuring levels of IL -17, IL-23, IL-6 and TGF-βin hydrothorax of patients with tuberculous pleurisy .Methods Flow cytometry was used to detect expressions of Th 17 and Treg cells in peripheral blood of patients with tuberculous pleurisy and healthy controls.ELISA method was performed for quantitative detection of concentrations of IL -17, IL-23, IL-6 and TGF-βin serum and hydrothorax .Differences and correlations between the above measured data were analyzed by the statistical software SPSS 17.0.Results Compared with the healthy control group , the expressions of Th17 cells in peripheral blood of the patients were significantly increased (1.02%±0.20%vs.0.89%±0.13%, P=0.002<0.05), while the expressions of Treg cells were significantly decreased (4.64%±0.77%vs.5.10%±0.90%, P=0.000<0.05).Correspondingly, the ratio of Th17/Treg cells (0.25±0.07) in the patients were significantly higher than that in the healthy controls (0.17±0.05, P=0.000<0.05).Concentrations of IL-17, IL-23 and IL-6 in peripheral blood and in hydrothorax of the pa-tients were (17.49±3.94) ng/L, (90.42±23.06) ng/L, (4.54±1.02) ng/L and (26.13±5.98) ng/L, (122.26±31.71) ng/L, (5.31±0.74) ng/L respectively, which were remarkably higher than the levels of IL-17 (14.45±3.81) ng/L, IL-23 (77.55±20.26) ng/L and IL-6 (4.26±0.91) ng/L in control group. In tuberculous pleurisy group , concentrations of IL-17, IL-23 and IL-6 in hydrothorax were significantly higher than those in peripheral blood with P values of 0.000, 0.000 and 0.003.There was no difference be-tween IL-6 levels in peripheral blood from patients and IL-6 levels in peripheral blood from the healthy con-trols, P=0.274.In comparison with the control group , TGF-βlevels in peripheral blood and in hydrothorax of the patients were significantly decreased (3.95 ng/L±0.79 ng/L, 3.12 ng/L±0.77 ng/L vs.3.32 ng/L ±0.80 ng/L) .In tuberculous pleurisy patients , the expression of Th17 cells in peripheral blood was nega-tively correlated with Treg cells in peripheral blood (r=-0.684, P=0.000<0.05), but was positively relat-ed to the levels of IL-17, IL-23 and IL-6 (r=0.479, 0.441, 0.326, P=0.013, 0.015, 0.017).TGF-βlevel had significantly positive correlations with Treg cells in the peripheral blood of the patients (r=0.297, P=0.024), but no significant correlation with Th17 cells was found (r=0.091, P=0.659).Conclusion Th17/Treg cell-associated cytokines might regulate the expressions of Th 17 and Treg cells and inflammatory reaction.Changes of Th17 cells, Treg cells and related cytokines might be important immunopathological mechanisms for tuberculous pleurisy .