Objective To offer a detailed review of developments in research on noise-induced hearing loss by constructing a knowledge map in order to provide data for related studies in China.Methods The literature related to research on noise-induced hearing loss was retrieved from the Web of Science and used as the subject.Such software for visualization analysis as VOSviewer,CiteSpace and Bibliometrix was used to construct the knowledge map.The way in which research on noise-induced hearing loss evolved was explored in terms of trends of publication,co-occurrence networks and co-occurrence of key words.Results Research on noise-induced hearing loss was fast-developing.The United States ranked first in this field in terms of the total number of articles published and citations.China took the second place in the number of articles published.The top institutions in the number of articles published included the University of Michigan,University at Buffalo SUNY,Harvard,Karolinska Institute and National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.Conclusion Research in this sphere started with cochlear hair cells.Cochlear implant,hidden hearing loss and cochlear synaptopathy have come to be the hot spots for related research.Re-search on hair cell regeneration and sex difference has provided a new line of thought for the gene therapy and hormone therapy of noise-induced hearing loss.

Objective: o explore the antibacterial effect of combined use of photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on Enterococcus faecalis biofilm in root canals. Methods: A total of 36 isolated teeth with single root canal were collected to establish an experimental root canal model of Enterococcus faecalis infection. Samples were randomly divided into six groups and 0.9% NaCl, 2% NaClO, 0.1% AgNPs solutions were used with conventional needle irrigation (CNI) or PIPS for root canals. Colony count method was used to measure the number of Enterococcus faecalis biofilm in root canals before and after treatment, and the percentage of colony count reduction was calculated. Results: The inhibitory effect of Enterococcus faecalis biofilm in all experimental groups was stronger than that in the control group (P<0.05). The decrease amplitude of 0.9% NaCl, 2% NaClO, 0.1% AgNPs assisted with PIPS was greater than that of 0.9% NaCl, 2% NaClO, 0.1% AgNPs assisted with CNI (P<0.05). The decrease in the 0.1% AgNPs assisted with PIPS group was significantly greater than that in the 2% NaClO assisted with PIPS group (P<0.05). Conclusion PIPS-assisted AgNPs solution washing can significantly improve the effect of clearing Enterococcus faecalis biofilm in root canals.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effect of oral microscope-assisted surface decontamination on implants in vitro. METHODS: Twelve implants that fell off because of severe peri-implantitis were collected, and decontamination was carried out on the surfaces of implants through curetting, ultrasound, titanium brushing, and sandblasting at 1×, 8×, or 12.8× magnifications. The number and sizes of residues on the implants' surfaces after decontamination were determined, and the decontamination effect was analyzed according to the thread spacing in the different parts of the thread. RESULTS: 1) The 8× and 12.8× groups scored lower for implant surface residues than the 1× group (P<0.000 1), and the 12.8× group scored lower than the 8× group (P<0.001); 2) no difference in residue score was found between the wide and narrow thread pitch (P>0.05), and the 8× and 12.8× groups had lower scores than the 1× group (P<0.001); 3) the lowest number of contaminants was observed at the tip of the thread, whereas the highest was observed below the thread, and the difference was significant (P<0.001). However, the thread pitch had no effect on the number of contaminants in different areas (P>0.05); 4) the residue scores of the 8× and 12.8× groups were lower than those of the 1× group at the thread tip and above, sag, and below the thread of the implants (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Residues on the surfaces of contaminated implants can be effectively removed by using an oral microscope. After decontamination, the residues of pollutants were mainly concentrated below the thread of the implants, and the thread pitch of the implants had no significant effect on the residues.
Humans ; Dental Implants ; Decontamination ; Surface Properties ; Peri-Implantitis ; Titanium

{L-End}Objective To analyze the correlation between occupational burnout and sleep quality among steelworkers. {L-End}Methods A total of 11 491 steelworkers from a large steel enterprise in Gansu Province were selected as the research subjects using convenient sampling method. The Burnout Questionnaire and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index Scale were used to investigate their occupational burnout and sleep quality. Hierarchical regression analysis was used to analyze the effects of occupational burnout on the sleep quality. {L-End}Results The detection rate of occupational burnout and sleep disorder were 50.4% and 39.0%, respectively. There was a positive correlation between the level of occupational burnout and the total score of sleep quality (Spearman correlation coefficient=0.454, P<0.05). The results of hierarchical regression analysis, adjusting for confounding factors such as gender, age, marital status, education level, alcohol consumption, exercise, weekly working hours, seniority, work shift, noise exposure, dust exposure, and high-temperature work, showed that the score of occupational burnout was positively related to the score of sleep quality(P<0.01), explaining 16.0% of the variance in the score of sleep quality among these steelworkers. {L-End}Conclusion The detection rate of occupational burnout and sleep disorders are relatively high among the steelworkers in this enterprise. Higher levels of occupational burnout are associated with poorer sleep quality. Alleviating occupational burnout among steelworkers may contribute to improving their sleep quality.

With the rapid development of the field of interventional therapy of cardiac valve, the innovative researches of interventional therapy of cardiac valve products have become the focus of global research. At present, there is a serious shortage of interventional valvular medical devices on the market in China, and large-scale interventional valve products are undergoing early human trials or confirmatory clinical trials. The effective quality control of clinical trials is of great significance to ensure that clinical trial data can be used to support the marketing of device products. By analyzing the problems in clinical trials quality control of interventional valvular medical devices in our hospital, and combining the characteristics of device products and diseases, we explore the key points of quality control and provide reference for the implementation and completion of high-quality clinical trials.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the mechanism of regulatory T cells (Treg) in heat stroke (HS)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). METHODS: Male SPF Balb/c mice were randomly divided into control group, HS group (HS+Rat IgG), HS+PC61 group, and HS+Treg group (n = 6). The HS mice model was established by making the body temperature of the mice reach 42.7 centigrade at room temperature 39.5 centigrade with relative humidity 60% for 1 hour. In HS+PC61 group, 100 μg PC61 antibody (anti-CD25) was injected through the tail vein in consecutive 2 days before the model was established to eliminate Tregs. Mice in HS+Treg group was injected with 1×10⁶ Treg via tail vein immediately after successful modeling. The proportion of Treg infiltrated in the kidney, serum creatinine (SCr) and histopathology, levels of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) both in the serum and kidney tissue, as well as proportion of neutrophils and macrophages located in the kidney were observed at 24 hours after HS. RESULTS: HS dampened renal function and exaggerated kidney injury, up-regulated levels of inflammatory cytokines both in local kidney and circulation, and increased infiltration of neutrophils and macrophages to the injured kidneys. The proportion of Treg (Treg/CD4⁺) infiltrated in kidney was significantly decreased in HS group, compared with control group [(3.40±0.46)% vs. (7.67±0.82)%, P < 0.01]. Compared with HS group, local Tregs in kidney were almost completely depleted via PC61 antibody [(0.77±0.12)% vs. (3.40±0.46)%, P < 0.01]. Depletion of Tregs could exacerbate HS-AKI, indicating by increased serum creatinine [SCr (mmol/L): 348.22±35.36 vs. 254.42±27.40, P < 0.01] and pathological injury (Paller score: 4.70±0.20 vs. 3.60±0.20, P < 0.01), incremental levels of IFN-γand TNF-α both in injured kidney and serum [serum IFN-γ (ng/L): 747.70±64.52 vs. 508.46±44.79, serum TNF-α (ng/L): 647.41±26.62 vs. 464.53±41.80, both P < 0.01], and more infiltrated neutrophils and macrophages in the injured kidney [neutrophil proportion: (6.63±0.67)% vs. (4.37±0.43)%, macrophage proportion: (38.70±1.66)% vs. (33.19±1.55)%, both P < 0.01]. On the contrast, adoptive transfer of Tregs could reverse the aforementioned effects of Treg depletion, indicating by incremental proportion of Tregs in the injured kidney [(10.58±1.19)% vs. (3.40±0.46)%, P < 0.01], decreased serum creatinine [SCr (mmol/L): 168.24±40.56 vs. 254.42±27.40, P < 0.01] and pathological injury (Paller score: 2.73±0.11 vs. 3.60±0.20, P < 0.01), reduced levels of IFN-γ and TNF-α both in injured kidney and serum [serum IFN-γ (ng/L): 262.62±22.68 vs. 508.46±44.79, serum TNF-α (ng/L): 206.41±22.58 vs. 464.53±41.80, both P < 0.01], and less infiltrated neutrophils and macrophages in the injured kidney [neutrophil proportion: (3.04±0.33)% vs. (4.37±0.43)%, macrophage proportion: (25.68±1.93)% vs. (33.19±1.55)%, both P < 0.01]. CONCLUSIONS Treg might be involved in HS-AKI, possibly via down-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines and infiltration of inflammatory cells.
Male ; Animals ; Mice ; Rats ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory ; Creatinine ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Heat Stroke ; Acute Kidney Injury ; Cytokines ; Interferon-gamma

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether electroacupuncture(EA)ameliorates abnormal trigeminal neuralgia(TN)orofacial pain and anxiety-like behavior by altering synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus CA1.METHODS A mouse infraorbital nerve transection model(pT-ION)of neuropathic pain was established,and EA or sham EA was used to treat ipsilateral acu-puncture points(GV20-Baihui and ST7-Xia-guan).Golgi-Cox staining and transmission elec-tron microscopy(TEM)were administrated to observe the changes of synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus CA1.RESULTS Stable and per-sistent orofacial allodynia and anxiety-like behav-iors induced by pT-ION were related to changes in hippocampal synaptic plasticity.Golgi stain-ings showed a decrease in the density of dendritic spines,especially mushroom-type dendritic spines,in hippocampal CA1 neurons of pT-ION mice.TEM results showed that the density of synapses,membrane thickness of the postsynap-tic density,and length of the synaptic active zone were decreased,whereas the width of the synap-tic cleft was increased in pTION mice.EA attenu-ated pT-ION-induced orofacial allodynia and anx-iety-like behaviors and effectively reversed the abnormal changes in dendritic spines and syn-apse of the hippocampal CA1 region.CONCLU-SION EA modulates synaptic plasticity of hippo-campal CA1 neurons,and reduces abnormal oro-facial pain and anxiety-like behavior,providing evidence for a TN treatment strategy.

Cadmium sulfide nanoparticles are a new type of semiconductor nanomaterials used in many applications. Studies have shown that cadmium sulfide nanoparticles have toxic effects on the reproductive system， liver， and kidney of the body， and the toxicities are affected by various factors. This paper summarized the current research on the toxicity of cadmium sulfide nanoparticles at home and abroad， and reviewed the latest research progress on the mechanisms of its toxic effects and influencing factors.

Objective:To investigate the preference for Front-of-Pack Labeling (FOP) and its association with the understanding of the Nutrition Facts Panel among Chinese residents.Methods:A multi-stage sampling strategy was adopted to select 3 002 people aged between 18 and 70 years old from the eastern region of China (Beijing, Jiangsu Province, Guangdong Province), the northeast region (Heilongjiang Province), the central region (Henan Province) and the western region (Sichuan Province) from July 2020 to March 2021. Socio-demographic characteristics of participants and their understanding of the Nutrition Facts Panel and preference for FOP were collected. The χ2 test was conducted to compare the preference for FOP in different groups of population, and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the association between the preference for FOP and the understanding of the Nutrition Facts Panel. Results:The mean age of 3 002 participants was (42.3±13.4) years, of which 1 914 (63.8%) were females and 69.3% could not understand the Nutrition Facts Panel. About 2 458 respondents (81.9%) suggested that FOP could be promoted. The top three nutrients that should be labeled were sugar (68.4%), salt (68.2%) and total fat (62.4%). The number of participants who believed that the Multiple Traffic Lights (MTL) could be easier to help consumers to quickly choose healthy food, attract attention and provide the most needed information was 1 064 (35.4%), 1 026 (34.2%) and 1 140 (38.0%), respectively. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that, compared with the Guideline Daily Amount (GDA) system, participants who could not understand the Nutrition Facts Panel preferred (1) Nutri-Score, Warning labels, and Health logos: Smart Choice in terms of"Which format of FOP could quickly help you choose food more easily?"[ OR (95% CI): 2.21 (1.62-3.02), 1.64 (1.22-2.22), 1.79 (1.31-2.45), respectively]; (2) Nutri-Score, Warning labels, and Health logos: Smart Choice in terms of"Which format of FOP could attract your attention the most?"[ OR (95% CI): 2.62 (1.92-3.59), 1.96 (1.45-2.66), 2.25 (1.66-3.04), respectively]; and (3) Nutri-Score, Warning labels, and Health logos: Smart Choice in terms of"Which format of FOP could provide you with the most needed information?"[ OR (95% CI): 2.33 (1.70-3.21), 2.21 (1.66-2.95), 2.01 (1.50-2.71), respectively]. Conclusion:The residents from six provinces in China have a supportive attitude towards FOP. The interpretive FOP with color information, specific nutrient information and summary indicator can be launched. The nutrition information of sugar, salt and total fat could be prioritized to be labeled on the FOP.

Objective:To investigate the preference for Front-of-Pack Labeling (FOP) and its association with the understanding of the Nutrition Facts Panel among Chinese residents.Methods:A multi-stage sampling strategy was adopted to select 3 002 people aged between 18 and 70 years old from the eastern region of China (Beijing, Jiangsu Province, Guangdong Province), the northeast region (Heilongjiang Province), the central region (Henan Province) and the western region (Sichuan Province) from July 2020 to March 2021. Socio-demographic characteristics of participants and their understanding of the Nutrition Facts Panel and preference for FOP were collected. The χ2 test was conducted to compare the preference for FOP in different groups of population, and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the association between the preference for FOP and the understanding of the Nutrition Facts Panel. Results:The mean age of 3 002 participants was (42.3±13.4) years, of which 1 914 (63.8%) were females and 69.3% could not understand the Nutrition Facts Panel. About 2 458 respondents (81.9%) suggested that FOP could be promoted. The top three nutrients that should be labeled were sugar (68.4%), salt (68.2%) and total fat (62.4%). The number of participants who believed that the Multiple Traffic Lights (MTL) could be easier to help consumers to quickly choose healthy food, attract attention and provide the most needed information was 1 064 (35.4%), 1 026 (34.2%) and 1 140 (38.0%), respectively. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that, compared with the Guideline Daily Amount (GDA) system, participants who could not understand the Nutrition Facts Panel preferred (1) Nutri-Score, Warning labels, and Health logos: Smart Choice in terms of"Which format of FOP could quickly help you choose food more easily?"[ OR (95% CI): 2.21 (1.62-3.02), 1.64 (1.22-2.22), 1.79 (1.31-2.45), respectively]; (2) Nutri-Score, Warning labels, and Health logos: Smart Choice in terms of"Which format of FOP could attract your attention the most?"[ OR (95% CI): 2.62 (1.92-3.59), 1.96 (1.45-2.66), 2.25 (1.66-3.04), respectively]; and (3) Nutri-Score, Warning labels, and Health logos: Smart Choice in terms of"Which format of FOP could provide you with the most needed information?"[ OR (95% CI): 2.33 (1.70-3.21), 2.21 (1.66-2.95), 2.01 (1.50-2.71), respectively]. Conclusion:The residents from six provinces in China have a supportive attitude towards FOP. The interpretive FOP with color information, specific nutrient information and summary indicator can be launched. The nutrition information of sugar, salt and total fat could be prioritized to be labeled on the FOP.