Objective: This study aims to explore the association between work-related stress of healthcare workers in response to the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and their depressive symptoms. Additionally, it focuses on the impact of insomnia symptoms, interpersonal factors, and resilience on depressive symptoms. Methods: The results of an anonymous survey of 329 healthcare workers were analyzed, including the Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-3 items, Insomnia Severity Index, Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire, Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale-2 items, and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 items. Mediation analysis assessed whether insomnia symptoms, resilience, and interpersonal factors mediate the association between work-related stress and depressive symptoms. Results: Work-related stress directly influenced depressive symptoms (standardized estimator=0.11, p=0.010, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.03–0.19). The association between the former and latter was positively mediated by insomnia symptoms (standardized estimator=0.10, p<0.001, 95% CI 0.05–0.14), thwarted belongingness (standardized estimator=0.04, p=0.006, 95% CI 0.01–0.07), and perceived burdensomeness (standardized estimator=0.05, p=0.002, 95% CI 0.02–0.08) and was negatively mediated by resilience (standardized estimator=0.02, p=0.041, 95% CI 0.0001–0.04). Conclusion This study highlights the connection between heightened work-related stress experienced by healthcare workers amid the COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent development of depressive symptoms mediated by insomnia, interpersonal factors, and resilience. Interventions that focus on building resilience could be pivotal in mitigating the detrimental mental health consequences of workplace stress among healthcare workers in a viral epidemic.

Prime editing (PE) is a recently developed genome-editing technique that enables versatile editing. Despite its flexibility and potential, applying PE in human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) has not been extensively addressed. Genetic disease models using patient-derived hiPSCs have been used to study mechanisms and drug efficacy. However, genetic differences between patient and control cells have been attributed to the inaccuracy of the disease model, highlighting the significance of isogenic hiPSC models. Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia 1 (HHT1) is a genetic disorder caused by an autosomal dominant mutation in endoglin (ENG). Although previous HHT models using mice and HUVEC have been used, these models did not sufficiently elucidate the relationship between the genotype and disease phenotype in HHT, demanding more clinically relevant models that reflect human genetics. Therefore, in this study, we used PE to propose a method for establishing an isogenic hiPSC line. Clinically reported target mutation in ENG was selected, and a strategy for PE was designed. After cloning the engineered PE guide RNA, hiPSCs were nucleofected along with PEmax and hMLH1dn plasmids. As a result, hiPSC clones with the intended mutation were obtained, which showed no changes in pluripotency or genetic integrity. Furthermore, introducing the ENG mutation increased the expression of proangiogenic markers during endothelial organoid differentiation. Consequently, our results suggest the potential of PE as a toolkit for establishing isogenic lines, enabling disease modeling based on hiPSC-derived disease-related cells or organoids.This approach is expected to stimulate mechanistic and therapeutic studies on genetic diseases.

Lecanemab (product name Leqembi ® ) is an anti-amyloid monoclonal antibody treatment approved for use in Korea for patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild dementia due to Alzheimer's disease. The Korean Dementia Association has created recommendations for the appropriate use of lecanemab to assist clinicians. These recommendations include selecting patients for administration, necessary pre-administration tests and preparations,administration methods, monitoring for amyloid related imaging abnormalities (ARIA), and communication with patients and caregivers. Lecanemab is recommended for patients with MCI or mild dementia who confirmed positive amyloid biomarkers, and should not be administered to patients with severe hypersensitivity to lecanemab or those unable to undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation. To predict the risk of ARIA before administration, apolipoprotein E genotyping is conducted, and regular brain MRI evaluations are recommended to monitor for ARIA during treatment. The most common adverse reactions are infusion-related reactions, which require appropriate management upon occurrence. Additional caution is needed when co-administering with anticoagulants or tissue plasminogen activator due to the risk of macrohemorrhage. Clinicians should consider the efficacy and necessary conditions for administration, as well as the safety of lecanemab, to make a comprehensive decision regarding its use.

Objective: This study aims to explore the association between work-related stress of healthcare workers in response to the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and their depressive symptoms. Additionally, it focuses on the impact of insomnia symptoms, interpersonal factors, and resilience on depressive symptoms. Methods: The results of an anonymous survey of 329 healthcare workers were analyzed, including the Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-3 items, Insomnia Severity Index, Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire, Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale-2 items, and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 items. Mediation analysis assessed whether insomnia symptoms, resilience, and interpersonal factors mediate the association between work-related stress and depressive symptoms. Results: Work-related stress directly influenced depressive symptoms (standardized estimator=0.11, p=0.010, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.03–0.19). The association between the former and latter was positively mediated by insomnia symptoms (standardized estimator=0.10, p<0.001, 95% CI 0.05–0.14), thwarted belongingness (standardized estimator=0.04, p=0.006, 95% CI 0.01–0.07), and perceived burdensomeness (standardized estimator=0.05, p=0.002, 95% CI 0.02–0.08) and was negatively mediated by resilience (standardized estimator=0.02, p=0.041, 95% CI 0.0001–0.04). Conclusion This study highlights the connection between heightened work-related stress experienced by healthcare workers amid the COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent development of depressive symptoms mediated by insomnia, interpersonal factors, and resilience. Interventions that focus on building resilience could be pivotal in mitigating the detrimental mental health consequences of workplace stress among healthcare workers in a viral epidemic.

Objective: This study aims to explore the association between work-related stress of healthcare workers in response to the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and their depressive symptoms. Additionally, it focuses on the impact of insomnia symptoms, interpersonal factors, and resilience on depressive symptoms. Methods: The results of an anonymous survey of 329 healthcare workers were analyzed, including the Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-3 items, Insomnia Severity Index, Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire, Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale-2 items, and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 items. Mediation analysis assessed whether insomnia symptoms, resilience, and interpersonal factors mediate the association between work-related stress and depressive symptoms. Results: Work-related stress directly influenced depressive symptoms (standardized estimator=0.11, p=0.010, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.03–0.19). The association between the former and latter was positively mediated by insomnia symptoms (standardized estimator=0.10, p<0.001, 95% CI 0.05–0.14), thwarted belongingness (standardized estimator=0.04, p=0.006, 95% CI 0.01–0.07), and perceived burdensomeness (standardized estimator=0.05, p=0.002, 95% CI 0.02–0.08) and was negatively mediated by resilience (standardized estimator=0.02, p=0.041, 95% CI 0.0001–0.04). Conclusion This study highlights the connection between heightened work-related stress experienced by healthcare workers amid the COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent development of depressive symptoms mediated by insomnia, interpersonal factors, and resilience. Interventions that focus on building resilience could be pivotal in mitigating the detrimental mental health consequences of workplace stress among healthcare workers in a viral epidemic.

Lecanemab (product name Leqembi ® ) is an anti-amyloid monoclonal antibody treatment approved for use in Korea for patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild dementia due to Alzheimer's disease. The Korean Dementia Association has created recommendations for the appropriate use of lecanemab to assist clinicians. These recommendations include selecting patients for administration, necessary pre-administration tests and preparations,administration methods, monitoring for amyloid related imaging abnormalities (ARIA), and communication with patients and caregivers. Lecanemab is recommended for patients with MCI or mild dementia who confirmed positive amyloid biomarkers, and should not be administered to patients with severe hypersensitivity to lecanemab or those unable to undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation. To predict the risk of ARIA before administration, apolipoprotein E genotyping is conducted, and regular brain MRI evaluations are recommended to monitor for ARIA during treatment. The most common adverse reactions are infusion-related reactions, which require appropriate management upon occurrence. Additional caution is needed when co-administering with anticoagulants or tissue plasminogen activator due to the risk of macrohemorrhage. Clinicians should consider the efficacy and necessary conditions for administration, as well as the safety of lecanemab, to make a comprehensive decision regarding its use.

Lecanemab (product name Leqembi ® ) is an anti-amyloid monoclonal antibody treatment approved for use in Korea for patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild dementia due to Alzheimer's disease. The Korean Dementia Association has created recommendations for the appropriate use of lecanemab to assist clinicians. These recommendations include selecting patients for administration, necessary pre-administration tests and preparations,administration methods, monitoring for amyloid related imaging abnormalities (ARIA), and communication with patients and caregivers. Lecanemab is recommended for patients with MCI or mild dementia who confirmed positive amyloid biomarkers, and should not be administered to patients with severe hypersensitivity to lecanemab or those unable to undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation. To predict the risk of ARIA before administration, apolipoprotein E genotyping is conducted, and regular brain MRI evaluations are recommended to monitor for ARIA during treatment. The most common adverse reactions are infusion-related reactions, which require appropriate management upon occurrence. Additional caution is needed when co-administering with anticoagulants or tissue plasminogen activator due to the risk of macrohemorrhage. Clinicians should consider the efficacy and necessary conditions for administration, as well as the safety of lecanemab, to make a comprehensive decision regarding its use.

Prime editing (PE) is a recently developed genome-editing technique that enables versatile editing. Despite its flexibility and potential, applying PE in human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) has not been extensively addressed. Genetic disease models using patient-derived hiPSCs have been used to study mechanisms and drug efficacy. However, genetic differences between patient and control cells have been attributed to the inaccuracy of the disease model, highlighting the significance of isogenic hiPSC models. Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia 1 (HHT1) is a genetic disorder caused by an autosomal dominant mutation in endoglin (ENG). Although previous HHT models using mice and HUVEC have been used, these models did not sufficiently elucidate the relationship between the genotype and disease phenotype in HHT, demanding more clinically relevant models that reflect human genetics. Therefore, in this study, we used PE to propose a method for establishing an isogenic hiPSC line. Clinically reported target mutation in ENG was selected, and a strategy for PE was designed. After cloning the engineered PE guide RNA, hiPSCs were nucleofected along with PEmax and hMLH1dn plasmids. As a result, hiPSC clones with the intended mutation were obtained, which showed no changes in pluripotency or genetic integrity. Furthermore, introducing the ENG mutation increased the expression of proangiogenic markers during endothelial organoid differentiation. Consequently, our results suggest the potential of PE as a toolkit for establishing isogenic lines, enabling disease modeling based on hiPSC-derived disease-related cells or organoids.This approach is expected to stimulate mechanistic and therapeutic studies on genetic diseases.

Objective: This study aims to explore the association between work-related stress of healthcare workers in response to the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and their depressive symptoms. Additionally, it focuses on the impact of insomnia symptoms, interpersonal factors, and resilience on depressive symptoms. Methods: The results of an anonymous survey of 329 healthcare workers were analyzed, including the Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-3 items, Insomnia Severity Index, Interpersonal Needs Questionnaire, Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale-2 items, and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 items. Mediation analysis assessed whether insomnia symptoms, resilience, and interpersonal factors mediate the association between work-related stress and depressive symptoms. Results: Work-related stress directly influenced depressive symptoms (standardized estimator=0.11, p=0.010, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.03–0.19). The association between the former and latter was positively mediated by insomnia symptoms (standardized estimator=0.10, p<0.001, 95% CI 0.05–0.14), thwarted belongingness (standardized estimator=0.04, p=0.006, 95% CI 0.01–0.07), and perceived burdensomeness (standardized estimator=0.05, p=0.002, 95% CI 0.02–0.08) and was negatively mediated by resilience (standardized estimator=0.02, p=0.041, 95% CI 0.0001–0.04). Conclusion This study highlights the connection between heightened work-related stress experienced by healthcare workers amid the COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent development of depressive symptoms mediated by insomnia, interpersonal factors, and resilience. Interventions that focus on building resilience could be pivotal in mitigating the detrimental mental health consequences of workplace stress among healthcare workers in a viral epidemic.

Lecanemab (product name Leqembi ® ) is an anti-amyloid monoclonal antibody treatment approved for use in Korea for patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or mild dementia due to Alzheimer's disease. The Korean Dementia Association has created recommendations for the appropriate use of lecanemab to assist clinicians. These recommendations include selecting patients for administration, necessary pre-administration tests and preparations,administration methods, monitoring for amyloid related imaging abnormalities (ARIA), and communication with patients and caregivers. Lecanemab is recommended for patients with MCI or mild dementia who confirmed positive amyloid biomarkers, and should not be administered to patients with severe hypersensitivity to lecanemab or those unable to undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation. To predict the risk of ARIA before administration, apolipoprotein E genotyping is conducted, and regular brain MRI evaluations are recommended to monitor for ARIA during treatment. The most common adverse reactions are infusion-related reactions, which require appropriate management upon occurrence. Additional caution is needed when co-administering with anticoagulants or tissue plasminogen activator due to the risk of macrohemorrhage. Clinicians should consider the efficacy and necessary conditions for administration, as well as the safety of lecanemab, to make a comprehensive decision regarding its use.