Background/Aims: Frequent bleeding after endoscopic resection (ER) has been reported in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). We aimed to evaluate the association and clinical significance of bleeding with ER in ESRD patients on dialysis. Methods: Between February 2008 and December 2018, 7,571 patients, including 47 ESRD patients on dialysis who underwent ER for gastric neoplasia, were enrolled. A total of 47 ESRDpatients on dialysis were propensity score-matched 1:10 to 470 non-ESRD patients, to adjust for between-group differences in variables such as age, sex, comorbidities, anticoagulation use, tumor characteristics, and ER method. Matching was performed using an optimal matching algorithm. For the matched data, clustered comparisons were performed using the generalized estimating equation method. Medical records were retrospectively reviewed. Frequency and outcomes of post-ER bleeding were evaluated. Results: Bleeding was more frequent in the ESRD with dialysis group than in the non-ESRD group. ESRD with dialysis conferred a significant risk of post-ER bleeding (odds ratio, 6.1; 95% confidence interval, 2.7–13.6; p<0.0001). All post-ER bleeding events were controlled using endoscopic hemostasis except in 1 non-ESRD case that needed surgery. Conclusions ESRD with dialysis confers a bleeding risk after ER. However, all bleeding events could be managed endoscopically without sequelae. Concern about bleeding should not stop endoscopists from performing ER in ESRD patients on dialysis.

PURPOSE: We aimed to translate the Test for Respiratory and Asthma Control in Kids (TRACK) instrument into Korean, with subsequent linguistic validation. METHODS: The multistep process of forward translation, reconciliation, back-translation, cognitive debriefing, and proofreading of the Korean version of the TRACK was completed. RESULTS: Two bilingual medical personnel independently translated the original English version of the TRACK into Korean one. After moderating the translation into a single reconciled one, 4 other bilingual persons were invited to translate the Korean draft back into an English one. Discrepancies between the original English version and the back-translated one were reviewed, and the need to modify the reconciled Korean draft was discussed. Twenty caregivers of asthmatic children took part in interviews that examine the appropriateness of the Korean version of the TRACK. The feedback from caregivers were then reviewed by a panel of pediatric allergists and reflected in the final Korean version. The document was finally proofread to check the spelling, grammar, layout and formatting. CONCLUSION: Translation and linguistic validation of the Korean version of the TRACK instrument were completed.
Asthma* ; Caregivers ; Child ; Humans ; Linguistics* ; Translations

The consensus guideline development committee of Korean Society of Gynecologic Oncology was reconvened in March 2012. The committee consisted of 36 experts representing 12 university hospitals and professional organizations. The objective of this committee was to develop standardized guidelines for cervical cancer screening tests for Korean women and to distribute these guidelines to every clinician, eventually improving the quality of medical care. Since the establishment of the consensus guideline development committee, evidence-based guidelines have either been developed de novo considering specific Korean situations or by adaptation of preexisting consensus guidelines from other countries. Recommendations for cervical cancer screening tests, management of atypical squamous and glandular cells, and management of low-grade and high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions were developed. Additionally, recommendations for human papillomavirus DNA testing and recommendations for adolescent and pregnant women with abnormal cervical screening test results were also included.
Adolescent ; Consensus ; DNA ; Female ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Pregnant Women ; Societies ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

The study of cancer in patients treated with dialysis in Korea has not been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the incidence and mortality of cancer among patients on dialysis in Korea. The study subjects were 106 cancer patients (2.3%) out of 4,562 end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients maintained on hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD) at Yonsei University Health System from 1996 to 2005. We excluded patients in whom the diagnosis of cancer preceded dialysis or those who received renal allograft or started dialysis after renal allograft. Seventy- three (69%) of our subjects were male and 33 (31%) were female. The mean age at the time of cancer diagnosis was 57.9+/-11.7 yr. The mean time from the start of dialysis to the diagnosis of cancer was 75.2+/-63.9 months. The most common cancer site was gastrointestinal tract (GIT) (51%) followed by urinary tract (20%), lung (8%), and thyroid (7%). Sixty nine percent of the total mortality was due to cancer. The mean time from diagnosis to death was 2.9+/-2.5 yr. In ESRD patients with cancer, there were no significant differences in mortality rates by dialysis modality. In ESRD patients, the most common cancer was GIT cancer followed by urinary tract cancer. Therefore, careful surveillance of these cancers in ESRD patients is highly recommended.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic/*complications/epidemiology/*therapy ; Korea ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms/*complications/epidemiology ; *Peritoneal Dialysis ; Registries ; *Renal Dialysis ; Time Factors

The clinical practice guideline for the stroke rehabilitation was formulated through both extensive review of published literature and consensus meeting of the specialists. The purposes of this study were to provide optimum practical guideline for acute and subacute stroke rehabilitation and to enhance the quality of stroke rehabilitation team in Korea. This guideline contains evidences and recommendations on the organization of post-stroke rehabilitation team, timing, evaluation, and intensity of rehabilitation, detailed management of dysphagia, neurogenic bladder and bowel, movement, shoulder problem, cognition, neglect, language, mood and complications commonly encountered in the acute and subacute period of stroke rehabilitation. Clinicians who are working in the field of stroke rehabilitation can adopt this guideline for their practice and give the feedback for further revision.

Cantrell's pentalogy may be defined as a failure of fusion of the midline from the sternum to the umbilicus. Thus, this malady consists of multiple anomalies of the sternum, heart, pericardium, diaphragm and umbilicus or anterior abdominal wall. According to the degrees of each anomaly, various operations can be planned as a one-stage operation or as a multi-stage operation and then palliative or corrective operations. The authors experienced a case of Cantrell's pentalogy that consisted of a bifid sternum, ventricular septal defect, atrial septal defect, ventricular diverticulum, dextrocardia, pericardial defect, anterior diaphragmatic defect and diastasis recti; all of these problems were corrected by a one-stage operation.
Abdominal Wall ; Dextrocardia ; Diaphragm ; Diverticulum ; Heart ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular ; Pentalogy of Cantrell ; Pericardium ; Sternum ; Umbilicus

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence, clinical and laboratory findings of hereditary hemolytic anemia (HHA) in Korea from 1997 to 2006 and to develop the appropriate diagnostic approach for HHA. METHODS: By the use of questionnaires, information on the clinical and laboratory findings ofHHA diagnosed from 1997 to 2006 in Korea was collected and analyzed retrospectively. A total of 431 cases were enrolled in this study from 46 departments of 35 hospitals. RESULTS: The overall frequency of HHA did not change through the 10-year period for pediatrics but did show an increasing tendency for internal medicine. The overall male to female sex ratio did not show sex predominance (1.17:1), but a significant male predominance with a ratio of 1.49:1 was seen for pediatrics while a significant female predominance with a ratio of 1:1.97 was seen forinternal medicine. Of the total cases, 74.2% (282/431) were diagnosed before the age of 15 years. The etiologies of HHA were classified as red cell membrane defects, hemoglobinopathies, red cell enzyme deficiencies and unknown causes. There were 382 cases (88.6%) of red cell membrane defects with 376 cases (87.2%) of hereditary spherocytosis and 6 cases (1.4%) of hereditary elliptocytosis, 20 cases (4.6%) of hemoglobinopathies with 18 cases (4.2%) of beta-thalassemia, a case (0.2%) of alpha-thalassemia and a case (0.2%) of Hemoglobin Madrid, 7 cases (1.6%) of red cell enzyme deficiencies with 5 cases (1.2%) of glucose-6- phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency, a case (0.2%) of pyruvate kinase (PK) deficiency and a case (0.2%) of enolase deficiency, and 22 cases (5.1%) of unknown causes. The most common chief complaint in pediatric patients was pallor and that in adult patients was jaundice. In the red cell membrane defect group of patients, the level of hemoglobin was significantly higher than in adult patients. The mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, corrected reticulocyte count, total and indirect bilirubin level and lactate dehydrogenase levels in the hemoglobinopathy group of patients were significantly lower than the values in the red cell membrane defect group of patients. The mean concentration of G-6-PD was 0.8+/-0.7U/1012RBC in the G-6-PD deficient patients, PK was 1.7U/1010 RBC in the PK deficient patient, and the level of enolase was 0.04U/g of Hb in the enolase deficient patient. CONCLUSION: The most prevalent cause of HHA in Korea during 1997 to 2006 was hereditary spherocytosis, but HHA by other causes such as hemoglobinopathy and red cell enzyme deficiency gradually increased with the development of molecular diagnostic methods and increasing general interest. However, the etiologies of HHA need to be pursued further in 5.1% of the patients. An systematic standard diagnostic approach is needed in a nationwide prospective study for correct diagnoses and appropriate management of HHA.
Adult ; alpha-Thalassemia ; Anemia, Hemolytic, Congenital* ; beta-Thalassemia ; Bilirubin ; Cell Membrane ; Diagnosis ; Elliptocytosis, Hereditary ; Erythrocyte Indices ; Female ; Hemoglobinopathies ; Humans ; Internal Medicine ; Jaundice ; Korea* ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase ; Male ; Oxidoreductases ; Pallor ; Pathology, Molecular ; Pediatrics ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; Prevalence ; Pyruvate Kinase ; Reticulocyte Count ; Retrospective Studies* ; Sex Ratio ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Schwannomas are benign nerve sheath tumors that originate from any anatomical site. Most schwannomas occur in the head, neck or limbs, but rarely occur in the retroperitoneal space. Furthermore, the schwannoma originating from the vagus nerve of retroperitoneal space is much rare. We experienced a case of retroperitoneal schwannoma of the vagus nerve. A 34-year-old male was refered to our hospital for the evaluation of abdominal mass on ultrasonography. Endoscopic examination revealed submucosal tumor-like lesion on high body of the stomach. Computed tomography (CT) revealed that the stomach was compressed by a solid tumor in the retroperitoneum. On exploratory laparotomy, this mass turned out to be a baseball sized mass in the retroperitoneal space. The mass was excised in an encapsulated state. Histological examination with immunohistochemical stains revealed a schwannoma of the vagus nerve.
Adult ; Cranial Nerve Neoplasms/*diagnosis ; English Abstract ; Humans ; Male ; Neurilemmoma/*diagnosis ; Retroperitoneal Space ; *Vagus Nerve ; Vagus Nerve Diseases/*diagnosis