To investigate the incidence of postoperative neuropsychic dysfunction (PND) in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients undergoing deep brain stimulation (DBS) and to analyze its influencing factors.

Objective In this study,we analyzed the transcriptome sequences of Kupffer cells exposed to simulated microgravity for 3 d and conducted biological experiments to determine how microgravity initiates apoptosis in Kupffer cells. Methods Rotary cell culture system was used to construct a simulated microgravity model.GO and KEGG analyses were conducted using the DAVID database.GSEA was performed using the R language.The STRING database was used to conduct PPI analysis.qPCR was used to measure the IL1B,TNFA,CASP3,CASP9,and BCL2L11 mRNA expressions.Western Blotting was performed to detect the level of proteins CASP3 and CASP 9.Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane cells.Transmission electron microscopy was used to detect changes in the ultrastructure of Kupffer cells. Results Transcriptome Sequencing indicated that simulated microgravity affected apoptosis and the inflammatory state of Kupffer cells.Simulated microgravity improved the CASP3,CASP9,and BCL2L11 expressions in Kupffer cells.Annexin-V/PI and JC-1 assays showed that simulated microgravity promoted apoptosis in Kupffer cells.Simulated microgravity causes M1 polarization in Kupffer cells. Conclusion Our study found that simulated microgravity facilitated the apoptosis of Kupffer cells through the mitochondrial pathway and activated Kupffer cells into M1 polarization,which can secrete TNFA to promote apoptosis.

Atherosclerosis(AS)is a chronic inflammatory disease of large and medium-sized arteries that leads to ischemic heart disease,stroke,and peripheral vascular disease.Despite the current treatments,mortality and disability still remain high.Sonodynamic therapy(SDT),a non-invasive and localized methodology,has been developed as a promising new treatment for inhibiting atherosclerotic progression and sta-bilizing plaques.Promising progress has been made through cell and animal assays,as well as clinical trials.For example,the effect of SDT on apoptosis and autophagy of cells in AS,especially macrophages,and the concept of non-lethal SDT has also been proposed.In this review,we summarize the ultrasonic parameters and known sonosensitizers utilized in SDT for AS;we elaborate on SDTs therapeutic effects and mechanisms in terms of macrophages,T lymphocytes,neovascularization,smooth muscle cells,lipid,extracellular matrix and efferocytosis within plaques;additionally,we discuss the safety of SDT.A comprehensive summary of the confirmed effects of SDT on AS is conducted to establish a framework for future researchers.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of Ningxin decoction in treating patients with permanent atrial fibrillation(AF)of deficiency of both qi and yin type infected by coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).Methods From February to August 2023,120 patients with permanent AF of deficiency of both qi and yin type infected by COVID-19 were collected from the outpatient clinic of Guang'anmen Hospital South Campus,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences.Patients were randomly divided into a control group and a treatment group using a random number table method,there were 60 cases in each group,and 1 case fell off in each group,leaving 59 cases in each group.The treatment group was given Ningxin decoction(drug composition:Cassia branch 15 g,Cornus officinalis 15 g,Rehmannia 15 g,Rhodiola rosea 15 g,Ginseng 6 g,Mulberry parasitica 10 g,Coptis coptis 3 g,Salvia miltiorrhiza 12 g,Ligusticum chuanxiong 10 g,Ophiopogon 12 g,and schisandra Vinegar 6 g)using formula granules to rinse with water,twice a day.The control group was given 10 mg of coenzyme Q10 twice a day,and both groups were treated continuously for 4 weeks.The improvements in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)symptoms,including chest pain,dizziness,fatigue,lethargy,palpitations,chest tightness and shortness of breath,insomnia,and excessive dreams before and after treatment in two groups,as well as changes in heart rate variability(HRV)and heart rate deceleration indicators were observed.Results The treatment group showed significant therapeutic effects in improving chest pain,fatigue,palpitations,chest tightness and shortness of breath,there were also improvements in lethargy,insomnia,and excessive dreaming,there was no significant therapeutic effect in improving dizziness.The control group showed significant therapeutic effects in improving palpitations,there were also improvements in chest pain,chest tightness and shortness of breath,while there was no significant therapeutic effect in other aspects.The treatment group showed significantly higher effective rates in improving chest pain,fatigue,lethargy,chest tightness and shortness of breath,insomnia,and excessive dreaming compared to the control group[chest pain:95.45%(42/44)vs.78.57%(33/42),fatigue:83.67%(41/49)vs.31.25%(15/48),lethargy:73.91%(34/46)vs.12.77%(6/47),chest tightness and shortness of breath:88.89%(48/54)vs.63.64%(35/55),insomnia:78.43%(40/51)vs.12.24%(6/49),excessive dreaming:76.09%(35/46)vs.43.75%(21/48),all P<0.05].The standard deviation of all normal to normal RR intervals(SDNN),root mean square of the difference between adjacent NN intervals(RMSSD),standard deviation of all 5-minute RR intervals(SDANN),and percent of NN50 in the total number of NN intervals(PNN50)in both groups after treatment were significantly increased compared to before treatment,and the RMSSD,SDANN,and PNN50 in the treatment group were significantly higher than those in the control group after treatment[RMSSD(ms):28.96±3.59 vs.24.34±2.66,SDANN(ms):108.55±11.80 vs.100.44±13.58,PNN50:7%(6%,7%)vs.5%(5%,6%),all P<0.05].There was no statistically significant difference in heart rate deceleration between the two groups before and after treatment.Conclusion Ningxin decoction has a good effect on the improvement of TCM syndromes and heart rate variability in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation of deficiency of both qi and yin type after being infected by COVID-19.

Objective Stereotactic body radiotherapy(SBRT)and radiofrequency ablation(RFA)are primary treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)at present.However,the effect of these treatments in clinical trails are rather controversial.The purpose of this paper is to conduct a meta-analysis on the clinical effect and related complications of SBRT and RFA for HCC.Methods A computerized retrieval of academic papers concerning the treatment effect of SBRT and RFA for HCC from the databases of PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,Scopus,Web of Science,CBM,CNKI,Wanfang database,VIP was conducted.The retrieval time period was from the establishment of the database to June 2022.Stata14.0 software was used to make meta-analysis.Results A total of 14 retrospective studies including 6 806 patients were included in this analysis.The results of combined hazard ratio(HR)based on overall survival(OS)showed that the OS rate of SBRT was lower than that of RFA(HR=1.25,95％CI=1.10-1.43,12=0％,P=0.000 9),while the results of combined HR of local control(LC)rate indicated that SBRT had a better therapeutic effect(HR=0.61,95％CI=0.47-0.78,I2=0％,P=0.000 1).Subgroup analysis revealed that the combined HR of LC rate favored the performance of SBRT for patients with tumor diameter larger than 2 cm(HR=2.64,95％CI=1.56-4.48,I=0％,P=0.000 3).No statistically significant difference in the incidence of late serious adverse reactions existed between SBRTgroup and RFA group(OR=1.01,95％CI=0.59-1.73,I2=30％,P=0.97).Conclusion SBRT is superior to RFA in controlling local HCC lesions,especially in patients whose tumor diameter is larger than 2 cm,although it does not show certain advantages in the survival benefit.(J Intervent Radiol,2023,32:1233-1241)

Objective To investigate the effects of simulated microgravity by RCCS on proliferation and cell cytoskeleton of human HaCaT keratinocyte. Methods The rotary cell culture system (RCCS) was used to simulate the microgravity environment, and human HaCaT keratinocytes were divided randomly(random number) into the simulated microgravity group (SMG) and normal gravity group (NG). HaCaT cells in the two groups were harvested respectively after 32, 36 and 42 h culture. The HaCaT cells proliferation and cycles were detected by flow cytometry, the concentration of hb-EGF in supernatant was detected by ELISA, and the cell cytoskeleton was observed after 42 hours' culture under laser confocal microscope with FITC-labeled technique. SPSS 23.0 statistical software was used for statistical analysis, and P <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The flow cytometry showed that the proportions of human HaCaT keratinocytes in G1 and G2/M phases were increased while the proportion of HaCaT cells in S stage was decreased significantly after 32, 36 and 42 h RCCSculture compared with those in the normal gravity group. The HaCaT cells in G1 stage were declined along with incubation time. ELISA results showed that the hb-EGF concentration in HaCaT supernatant under simulated microgravity culture for 24 and 36 h was lower than that in the normal control group (P<0.01). The laser confocal microscope revealed that the HaCaT fluorescence intensity was decreased,and there were disordered microfilaments, structural ambiguity, pseudopodia reduction and irregularshape among FITC-labeled HaCaT cells cultured 42 h in RSSC compared with the normal gravity group.Conclusions RCCS simulated microgravity environment could inhibit the cell cycle transformation and proliferation of human HaCaT keratinocyte, affect the keratinocyte-secreting function, and induce alterations of the cell cytoskeleton.

The rotary cell culture system(RCCS)was used to simulate the microgravity environment, and FRTL-5 cells were divided into simulated microgravity group(SMG)and normal gravity group(NG). FRTL-5 cells were harvested after treatment for 6, 12, 24, and 36 h, the cell viability was measured by MTT assay, and the cells cycles were detected by flow cytometry. The ultrastructure of FRTL-5 cells was observed under laser confocal microscope with FITC-labeled technique. The MTT assay showed that the proliferation of FRTL-5 cells was significantly inhibited after RCCS treatment for 6, 12, 24, and 36h compared with NG(P<0.05), in which the most obvious effect was observed at 24h. The flow cytometry showed that the proportion of FRTL-5 cells at G1 stage in RCCS group was increased significantly after 6, 12, 24, and 36h compared with NG(P<0.05), while the proportion of FRTL-5 cells at S stage was decreased significantly(P<0.05)except that cultured with RCCS for 6 h. The proportion of FRTL-5 cells at G2/M stage was decreased in early phase(6-12 hours)of RCCS culture, with the lowest at 12h and transient increase at 24h of RCCS culture. The laser confocal microscope revealed that there were local microfilament depolymerization, tension fibers decrease, structure disorder, cellular pseudopodia reduction, and irregular shape among FITC-labeled FRTL-5 cells cultured with RCCS for 36h. (Chin J Endocrinol Metab, 2018, 34: 598-601)

Objective To construct a eukaryotic expression plasmid carrying human full-length Notch ligand Delta-like 3 (DLL3) gene and study the effect of DLL3 knockdown and overexpression on the proliferation of gastric cancer cells in vitro. Methods Human full-length DLL3 gene was amplified by PCR and cloned into the eukaryotic expression vector pCMV-Tag4. After verification by restriction enzymes and sequencing, the recombinant DLL3/pCMV-Tag4 vector was transiently transfected into HEK293T cells, in which the expressions of human DLL3 mRNA and protein were detected using real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The expression of DLL3 in normal gastric epithelial cells and gastric cancer cell lines was detected by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. DLL3/pCMV-Tag4 was transfected into 3 gastric cancer cell lines, and their proliferation was assessed with MTT assay. Human gastric cancer cells MGC803 and MKN45 were also transfected with a specific human DLL3-siRNA to assess the effect of DLL3 down-expression on the cell proliferation. Results The recombinant eukaryotic expression vector DLL3/pCMV-Tag4 was successfully constructed and human full-length DLL3 was expressed in HEK293T cells. MTT assay showed that DLL3 over-expression obviously promoted the proliferation and down-regulation of DLL3 inhibited the proliferation of the gastric cancer cells. Conclusion DLL3 overexpression can promote the proliferation of gastric cancer cells in vitro, and down-regulation of DLL3 inhibits the proliferation of gastrc cancer cells,which provides a novel strategy for targeted thrapy of gastric cancer.

Objective To construct a eukaryotic expression plasmid carrying human full-length Notch ligand Delta-like 3 (DLL3) gene and study the effect of DLL3 knockdown and overexpression on the proliferation of gastric cancer cells in vitro. Methods Human full-length DLL3 gene was amplified by PCR and cloned into the eukaryotic expression vector pCMV-Tag4. After verification by restriction enzymes and sequencing, the recombinant DLL3/pCMV-Tag4 vector was transiently transfected into HEK293T cells, in which the expressions of human DLL3 mRNA and protein were detected using real-time quantitative PCR and Western blotting, respectively. The expression of DLL3 in normal gastric epithelial cells and gastric cancer cell lines was detected by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. DLL3/pCMV-Tag4 was transfected into 3 gastric cancer cell lines, and their proliferation was assessed with MTT assay. Human gastric cancer cells MGC803 and MKN45 were also transfected with a specific human DLL3-siRNA to assess the effect of DLL3 down-expression on the cell proliferation. Results The recombinant eukaryotic expression vector DLL3/pCMV-Tag4 was successfully constructed and human full-length DLL3 was expressed in HEK293T cells. MTT assay showed that DLL3 over-expression obviously promoted the proliferation and down-regulation of DLL3 inhibited the proliferation of the gastric cancer cells. Conclusion DLL3 overexpression can promote the proliferation of gastric cancer cells in vitro, and down-regulation of DLL3 inhibits the proliferation of gastrc cancer cells,which provides a novel strategy for targeted thrapy of gastric cancer.

Objective To study the expressions of apoptotic protease activating factor-1(Apaf-1)and astrocyte elevated gene-1(AEG-1)in colonic carcinoma,and to explore their correlations with the clinical path-ological features. Methods The expressions of Apaf-1 and AEG-1 were detected in 63 colonic carcinoma sam-ples and 30 normal colonic mucosa adjacent to tumor nest by immunohistochemical method,and their correla-tions with clinical features of colonic carcinoma were analyzed. Results The positive expressions of Apaf-1 and AEG-1 in colonic carcinoma were 23. 81%(15 / 63)and 68. 25%(43 / 63),respectively. The positive expre-ssions of Apaf-1 and AEG-1 in normal colonic mucosa were 76. 67%(23 / 30)and 26. 67%(8 / 30),respec-tively. The positive expression rate of AEG-1 was significantly higher in colonic carcinoma than that in normal tissue(χ2 = 14. 192,P = 0. 000). However,the expression of Apaf-1 was signi-ficantly lower in colonic carci-noma than that in normal tissue(χ2 = 23. 497,P = 0. 000). The expression of Apaf-1 was negatively correlated to the expression of AEG-1(r = - 0. 339,P = 0. 007). The expressions of AEG-1 and Apaf-1 were associated with differentiation degree(χ2 = 4. 643,P = 0. 031;χ2 = 12. 034,P = 0. 001)and clinical stage(χ2 = 6. 628, P = 0. 010;χ2 = 8. 246,P = 0. 004),but they were not correlated with age(χ2 = 1. 462,P = 0. 227;χ2 =2. 401,P = 0. 121)and tumor size(χ2 = 0. 333,P = 0. 564;χ2 = 0. 590,P = 0. 442). Conclusion The expression of AEG-1 is up-regulated in colonic carcinoma,but the expression of Apaf-1 is down-regulated,with a significant negative correlation. Apaf-1 and AEG-1 may be closely related to the occurrence and development of colon carcinoma. Therefore,combination detection of Apaf-1 and AEG-1 may be more valuable for the prog-nosis evaluation of colonic carcinoma.