Objective To analysis the existing problems of targeted admission medical education program in rural areas,and make a suggestion.Methods Interviewing 22 targeted admission medical graduates of the Class of 2015 and 2016 in Chongqing and 53 interviewees including clinical college leaders,teaching managers,teacher representatives and leadership and managers of township health and medical institutions.All interviews were recorded for further analysis.Results Of the 75 interviewees,67 (89.3％) were satisfied with the status,and 37 (49.3％) believed that there was a need for improvement.Students generally think that the current curriculum is reasonable and satisfactory to the teaching effect.Practical skills are generally recognized by employers;However,there is a big gap between career planning and employment expectation.Conclusions Interview results showed that targeted admission medical education program in rural areas is generally progressing well.However,problems remain in some areas including curriculum and teaching conditions,practical skills teaching,training of post competency,"stay in rural areas" issue and career planning.The college should specially strengthen the training of the comprehensive quality,clinical skills,social responsibility and professional pride of serving the gross-roots unit,and strengthen the policy publicity and career planning education.The local management department should further support the policy construction and carry out unified management to reduce the gap of treatment between different township hospitals.Rural medical units should pay attention to humanistic care and team culture construction.The state should publicize and enhance the social status and professional influence of general practitioners to enhance their professional identity and self-confidence.

Objective To investigate the expression of SP 100 protein in ATRA-treated NB4 cells and its effect on pro-liferation in NB4 cells.Methods Q-PCR was employed to measure the expression of SP 100 mRNA;Western blot was used to detect the expression of SP 100 protein; Immunofluorescence was adopted to determine the location of SP100;Cell viability was analyzed by CCK 8;Flow cytometry was used for cell cycle analysis .Results ATRA may induce the expression of mRNA and protein of SP 100.ATRA changes the location of SP100 from a micro-punctate pattern into a punctate nuclear pattern in NB 4 cells.SP100-shRNA promotes the proliferation of NB 4 cells and in-creased the cells in G2/M phase.Conclusions The expression of SP100 was significantly increased in ATRA-treated NB4 cells, and SP100 may be involved in the regulation of proliferation activity of NB 4 cells.

Background and objective It has been proven that miR-133b could inhibit cancer cell growth, the expression level of miR-133b was significant reduction in lung cancer tissue and serum of patients, and increase the radiation sensitivity of squamous cell carcinoma by targeting PKM2, but the exist mechanisms is not clear. The aim of this study is to explore the effect of miR-133b on proliferation in A549 lung cancer stem cells and drug sensitivity in DDP, and to explore the relationship between miR-133b and PKM2 gene, as well as the effect of cancer stem cells. Methods Using miRBase and miRNAMap database to sequence comparison miR-133b and PKM2 gene. Using im-mune magnetic separation method to select the CD133+/CD34+lung cancer stem cells from A549 cells, and using flow cytometry to detect the purity. The expression of miR-133b mRNA was detected by real-time fluorescence quantita-tive PCR (qRT-PCR). Cell proliferation was detected by CCK8 assay. 15 μg/mL DDP was treated to cells which was transfected with miR-133b, and apoptosis was detected by flow Cytometry at 0 h, 12 h, 24 h, 72 h. The expression of PKM2 protein was detected by Western blot. Results Gene binding site report that PKM2 gene may be the target gene of miR-133b; the results of flow cytometry showed that the purity of CD133+/CD34+ stem cells was (92.15±4.27)%. qRT-PCR results showed that compared with the control group, after overexpression of miR-133b, miR-133b was up-regulated and miR-133b was down regulated after miR-133b inhibition (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, cell proliferation of miR-133b mimics group was significantly decreased (P<0.05), PKM2 protein levels were signifi-cantly lower (P<0.05); and cell proliferation of the miR-133b inhibitor group and PKM2 level was increased (P<0.05). The apoptosis of miR-133b mimics group was significantly higher than that of control group (P<0.05) after DDP treat-ment with 12 h. The expression of PKM2 protein in miR-133b mimics+DDP group was significantly lower than that in control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Overexpression of miR-133b can inhibit the growth and proliferation of lung cancer stem cells by down regulating PKM2, and can enhance the sensitivity of lung cancer stem cells to DDP.

It is very significant that state trains rural-oriented medical students for grassroots health institutions.In combination with the characteristics of Chongqing rural-oriented medical students,the article analyzed and explained the reasons of building autonomous-cooperative learning model,discussed the connotation and the correlation theory of this model.Based on the above,the article designed and carried out autonomous-cooperative learning model,summarized the construction strategy from the aspects of organization and management mechanism,competitive and encouraging mechanism and evaluation mechanism,which explored a practical education pattern that suits rural-oriented medical students.

Objective To develop a new method for establishing a temperature gradient field in the microchannel on a glass-polydimethylsiloxane ( PDMS ) microfluidic chip and to verify its applicability in the study of cellular thermal biological effect.Methods The establishment and control of the temperature gradient field in the microchannel were implemented by a peripheral indium tin oxide ( ITO) heater and a heating micro-wire embedded in the PDMS chip.The temperature gradient field established in the microchannel was represented by the finite element numerical analysis and temperature-dependent fluorescent dye rhodamine B.Finally, the thermal biological effect, which used cell survival rate of human prostate cancer cells T24 as an indicator, was investigated in the microchannel.Results The results of finite element numerical analysis proved that this method established a temperature gradient field along the length of the microchannel successfully.The distribution range of the temperature gradient field was controlled by the ITO heater, while the gradient of the temperature gradient field was controlled by the heating micro-wire.The measurement result of rhodamine B was identical with the result of the finite element numerical analysis.The thermal biological effect of T24 tumor cell research showed that the cell survival rate decreased with the rise of the regional temperature in the microchannel.Conclusion The method developed in this paper for establishing a temperature gradient field in the microchannel on a glass-PDMS microfluidic chip is simple and easy to implement, and it can be used for parallel study of the cellular thermal biological effect on the microfluidic chip in the future.

Objective The micro-vascular element plays a key role in the delivery of nutrients and the regulation of hemodynamic behavior, however, research is often hindered by ethical , economic and technological issues .Therefore, construction of a micro-vascular network in vitro will help to study the related pathological and physiological behavior in microvessels.Methods In this study, a micro-vascular element model with features of a micro-vascular network in vivo was designed based on the network structure of retinal arterioles .A micro-vascular network model in vitro, characterized by network asymmetry and the presence of both bifurcation-and side-branches , was developed by soft lithography technology . The developed microdevice allowed for the quantification of the cell -depletion layer ( CDL) thickness and hematocrit ( Ht) distribution within the microchannel networks .Results and Conclusion The study showed the potential of the developed in vitro model in revealing key hemodynamic features which have been detected for microvascular elements in vivo, including the relationships between CDL thickness , Ht and red blood cell distribution .The present study provides a new strategy and a technology for studying hemodynamics and microvascular system diseases in vitro.

Objective To introduce small group learning in the course of introduction to gen-eral practice to cultivate students' ability of active learning and innovation. Methods Totally 221 students of 2008 grade A and B classes were enrolled as teaching objects and were divided into 20 groups. Introduction to general practice was used as learning materials. One week before the class, teacher gave students learning task and A and B classes carried on class discussion respectively. Re-view speaking was conducted by the representatives of groups. Effectiveness was evaluated through the observation,interview,questionnaire survey and answer scoring points. Results Overall support per-centage to small group learning was 91%. Percentages of students who believed that small group learn-ing was beneficial to cultivating the ability of active learning and innovation were 88% and 73% re-spectively. Conclusions Introducing small group learning in the course of introduction to general practice is effective and conductive to training students' ability to study and innovate.

Based on the minimum basic requirements of global medical education (GMER), and taking example of training experience of domestic and foreign medical students' learning clinical skills , we have made a detailed analysis of the backgrounds , necessity and feasibility of opening course clinical basic skills to the order-oriented medical students in Chongqing. We have also put for-ward some countermeasures and suggestions to ensure the quality of teaching , so as to promote the course smoothly.

Objective To identify the interaction between nuclear localization signal-retinoic acid receptor α (NLS-RARα) and Ubiquilin 1(UBQLN1). Methods The recombination expression plasmids pGBKT7-NLS-RAR and pACT2-UBQLN1, which expressed bait-protein NLS-RARα and target protein UBQLN1 respectively, were cotransformated into yeast AH109. The interaction of the expression plasmids in the living cells was investigated by yeast two-hybrid assay. HA-tagged fusion protein (pCMV-HA-NLS-RARα) expression vector and Myc-tagged fusion protein (pCMV-Myc-JTV1) expression vector were constructed, identified, and cotransfected respectively into human embryo kidney 293 cells(HEK293). The interaction was detected by co-immunoprecipitation.Results Blue clones were found on yeast AH109 plate cotransformated with pGBKT7-NLS-RARα and pACT2-UBQLN1. Double restriction enzyme digestion showed that pCMV-HA-NLS-RARα and pCMV-Myc-JTV1 were successfully constructed. Then HA-NLS-RAR protein was immunoprecipitated by anti-HA polyclonal antibody and the expression of Myc-UBQLN1 was tested by Western blot with anti-Myc monoclonal antibody from immunoprecipitated complex. Conclusion The interaction between NLS-RARα and UBQLN1 can be verified by yeast two-hybrid assay and co-immunoprecipitation.

Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is characterized by the generation of the prototypic promyelocytic leukemia-retinoicacid receptor alpha (PML-RARα), an oncogenic fusion protein due to chromosomal translocation. In a human myeloid cell line,PML-RARα is cleaved by neutrophil elastase (NE) to produce the mutational PML [nuclear localization signal (NLS) deletion andRARα (NLS-RARα, containing NLS of PML), both of which may play an important role in APL pathogenesis. The yeast two-hybridtechnique was used to screen the intracellular proteins interacting with NLS-RARα, which may be involved in NLS-RARα signaling. The NLS-RARα coding sequence was amplified by polymerase chain reaction method and was cloned into the bait plasmid pGBKT7vector, which, after the confirmation by sequencing, was transformed into yeast AH109 and the subsequent expression of bait plasmidwas proved by Western-blot. The transformed yeast AH109 was mated with yeast Y187 (containing leukemia cDNA library plasmidspACT2) in medium. Diploid yeast was plated on synthetic dropout nutrient medium containing X-α-gal for screening. After beingreintroduced into yeast AH109 and sequenced to verify the expression of ORF, eight positive colonies were obtained, among whichonecontaining JTV-1 was cloned. The interaction between NLS-RARα and JTV-1 was further supported by indirect immunofluorescence,GST pull-down and co-immunoprecipitation, respectively. These findings brought some new clues for the further exploration ofNLS-RARα signaling to APL.