Objective:To analyze the biochemical failure rate and its predictive factors after radical prostatectomy (RP) in patients with high-risk localized prostate cancer.Methods:The data of 166 patients with high-risk localized prostate cancer who underwent RP surgery in Peking university cancer hospital from January 2015 to November 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. The average age was 65.4±6.2 years old, and the average body mass index (BMI) was 24.86±3.23 kg/m 2. The median prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was 19.84 (10.98, 44.47) ng/ml, PSA density was 0.68 (0.34, 1.32)ng/ml 2, and prostate volume was 31.20 (25.58, 40.23) ml. Biopsy pathology Gleason score according to the International society of Urological Pathology(ISUP) grade group: 18 cases of group 1, 33 cases of group 2, 30 cases of group 3, 51 cases of group 4, and 33 cases of group 5, 1 case was unknown. The percentage of puncture positive needles was (55.4±25.7)%, and the largest linear length of positive lesions was 80.0% (60.0%, 90.0%). Preoperative clinical stage : 14 cases in ≤T 2b stage, 117 cases in T 2c stage, 13 cases in T 3a stage and 22 cases in ≥T 3b stage; 157 cases in N 0 stage, 9 cases in N 1 stage. One hundred and three patients (62.0%) were assessed by traditional imaging and 63(38.0%) were assessed by PSMA PET-CT. The patients underwent laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. 64 patients (38.6%) received neoadjuvant therapy, including 37 received neoadjuvant therapy for 1-3 months, 23 for 4-6 months and 4 for over 6 months. The postoperative pathological characteristics, treatment and prognosis of the patients were analyzed. The primary endpoint was biochemical failure, including biochemical persistence(BCP, defined as PSA≥0.1ng/ml at 4-6 weeks after operation, and confirmed by re-examination at least 1 week interval) and biochemical recurrence(BCR, PSA falling below 0.1ng/ml after operation and then rising ≥0.2 ng/ml without adjuvant therapy or after the end of adjuvant treatment). Results:Compared with preoperative clinicopathological characteristics, 48(28.9%) cases had postoperative pathological ISUP upgrade, 98 (59.0%)cases had T stage upgrade, and 13 (7.8%) cases had N stage upgrade. The rate of positive margins was 53%, and apex margin was the most common positive site (65.9%). The postoperative PSA in 114 patients (68.7%) decreased to less than 0.1ng/ml, of which 74 patients didn't receive the therapy and 40 patients received adjuvant therapy. 52 patients (31.3%) had postoperative PSA more than 0.1ng/ml and among them, 51 cases received salvage treatment. 5 patients (3.0%) underwent PSA progression during adjuvant or salvage endocrine therapy and were considered to have castration resistance. After a median follow-up time of 25.5 (12.0, 40.0) months, 78 patients (48.4%, 78/161) experienced biochemical failure, including 49 BCP and 29 BCR, the median time of biochemical failure was 30.0 (95% CI 14.5-45.5) months. Adjuvant therapy could reduce the rate of BCR (31.1% and 15.8%, P=0.08). Baseline PSA, PSA density, proportion of pathological ISUP ≥4, proportion of pathological T stage ≥T 3a, adjuvant therapy, and positive surgical margins were significantly associated with biochemical failure ( P=0.034, 0.002, 0.004, 0.025, <0.001and 0.047). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that adjuvant therapy ( P<0.001, OR=0.12), PSA density ( P=0.03, OR=1.19) and positive surgical margins ( P=0.034, OR=1.80) were independent factors for biochemical failure. Conclusions:Patients with high-risk localized prostate cancer have a high rate of biochemical failure after RP and need to receive RP-based multimodal therapy. Adjuvant therapy, PSA density and positive surgical margins are independent factors associated with postoperative biochemical failure.

Objective To understand the situation of cancer screening of community residents and its association with the knowledge of cancer core knowledge, and to provide reference for the formulation of secondary cancer prevention measures. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 2 037 residents aged 18-79 who lived in Bao 'an District, Shenzhen. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between core knowledge and cancer screening behavior after adjusting for age, gender, education, marriage, occupation and smoking. Results The cancer screening rate of community residents was 28.10%, and the screening rate of middle-aged and elderly people aged 40-79 was 33.50 %.The proportion of ^“not very well understanding^”, ^“partial understanding^” and ^“basic understanding^” of the core knowledge of cancer were 43.91%, 42.33% and 13.76%, respectively, which was higher than that of the non-participants. Multivariate analysis showed that the women, the higher the level of education of college/university or above and the higher the level of knowledge of cancer prevention core knowledge, the higher the probability of participating in cancer screening was OR (95%CI ) : 2.40 (1.86-3.12), 1.65 (1.29-2.10), 1.38 (1.18 - 1.62), respectively. Conclusion The proportion of cancer screening in community residents needs to be improved, and the degree of core knowledge of cancer is closely related to cancer screening behavior. It is suggested to increase the publicity and education of the core knowledge of cancer, and at the same time, carry out the health education of secondary cancer prevention for the key population such as men and people with low education level, so as to improve the proportion of ^“early detection, early diagnosis and early treatment^” of cancer.

Objective:To explore the safety and efficacy of laparoscopic microwave ablation combined with partial nephrectomy in the treatment of cystic renal masses.Methods:The 19 patients with cystic renal masses undergoing laparoscopic microwave ablation combined with partial nephrectomy from November 2017 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 13 males and 6 females. The average age was 46.2 years. The mean body mass index was (25.8±3.1) kg/m 2. The masses located in the left kidney in 7 cases and the right kidney in 12 cases. The ECOG scores were 0. The mean maximum diameter of the tumors was (2.8±1.3) cm. Five cases were diagnosed with Bosniak Ⅲ and 14 cases with Bosniak Ⅳ. According to R. E.N.A.L. scoring, 11 cases were of low difficulty (4-6 points), 7 cases of medium difficulty (7-9 points) and 1 case of high difficulty (10-12 points). The cystic renal masses were ablated by laparoscopic microwave ablation, then followed by partial nephrectomy. Postoperative complications were observed and the prognosis was assessed by CT or MRI. Results:The mean duration of operation was (84.0±20.8) min. The median intraoperative blood loss was 20 (10-50) ml. The median duration of postoperative hospitalization was 3 (2-6) d, and no complications such as bleeding, infection, gross hematuria or urine leakage were observed. According to the malignant degree of cystic renal masses, the patients were divided into low-risk group and high-risk group. The patients with benign cystic kidney tumors or with low biological malignancy were considered as the low-risk group, while the patients with high malignant pathology were considered as the high-risk group. In the low-risk group, there were 4 patients, including 1 patient with papillary adenoma, 1 patient with renal angiomyolipoma, 1 patient with low-grade malignant potential multilocular cystic renal tumor, and 1 patient with renal chromophobe carcinoma (stage T 1a). In the high-risk group, there were 15 cases, including 14 cases of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (AJCC pathological stage: T 1a stage 11 cases, T 1b stage 3 cases; WHO/ISUP classification: 7 cases in grade 1, 6 cases in grade 2, and 1 case in grade 3); 1 case of Type 2 papillary renal cell carcinoma (stage T 1b, grade 2). The median follow-up was 20 months (12-37 months). Both groups survived, and no signs of tumor recurrence, implantation or metastasis were found in chest and abdomen imaging. Blood tests were performed regularly, and no significant abnormalities occurred. Conclusions:The safety and efficacy of laparoscopic microwave ablation combined with partial nephrectomy for the treatment of cystic renal masses is satisfactory, and postoperative pathology is clear, providing a potential option for cystic renal masses treatment.

Objective: To analyze the possible responses of parents of young children to Child sexual assault (CSA) and the potential influencing factors, so as to provide evidence for prevention programs of CSA. Methods: Part of the data from "2016-2020 Child Injury Prevention Project" was used to analyze responses to CSA among parents of children younger than 3rd grade in primary school by chi square test and Logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 4 072 parents were included in the analysis. Among them, 86.8% of parents chose "to solve problems together", 51.0% of parents taking children to a "psychologist", 4.9% of parents "scolding children for being too careless", 2.9% of parents "letting child not disclose abuse" and 6.5% of parents chose "other" coping methods. Parents with foreign nationality [OR(95%CI)=2.58(1.25-5.15)] and lower education level (OR=0.26-0.64) tend to "blame" their children. Mothers [(OR(95%CI)=0.54(0.33-0.90)], higher parental education level (OR=0.27-0.72) were more reluctant to encourage their children to keep quiet. Mothers [OR(95%CI)=1.73(1.32-2.27)], older children (OR=1.33-1.78) and parents with higher education level (OR=1.65-2.99) tend to "accompany". Parents aged 30 or more, and from high school/technical school/technical secondary school tend to take their children to see a "psychologist" [OR(95%CI)=1.39(1.14-1.71), 1.79(1.26-2.53)]. Conclusion Parents universally pay attention to the physical and mental health of children after CSA, but some parents still take negative coping methods, e.g. "blame" and "not disclose". Parenting educational level, duration of parent-child communication and age of children are primary factors associated with parental responses to child sexual assault. This study suggests that prevention secondary injury following child sexual assault should be farther strengthened, while fully considering the characteristics of the educated objects.

目的：粪 肠 球 菌 脂 磷 壁 酸 （ lipoteichoic acid， LTA） 对 胰 腺 导 管 腺 癌 （ pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma， PDA） BxPC3 细胞增殖、侵袭和迁移的影响及其可能的机制。方法：用 0、5、10、50 μg/ml 的 LTA 分别处理 BxPC-3 细胞，以 0 μg/ml 组作为空白对照组，其余各组作为实验组，采用 CCK-8 法检测 LTA 对细胞 BxPC-3 增殖的影响；用 50 μg/ml LTA 处理 BxPC-3 细胞 48 h，采用划痕实验和 Transwell 小室实验分别检测其对 BxPC-3 细胞侵袭和迁移的影响，WB 法检测对 BxPC3 细 胞中 TLR2、P38、p-P38、NF-κB 和 p-NF-κB 蛋白表达的影响。结果：LTA 抑制 BxPC3 细胞的增殖，且抑制作用随时间和浓度的 增加而增强，与 0 μg/ml 组相比，在 LTA 50 μg/ml 干预 48 h 后，BxPC-3 细胞增殖抑制效果最为显著（P<0.01），故后续实验组细胞均采用 50 μg/ml LTA 处理 48 h。与 0 μg/ml 组相比，50 μg/ml 组发生侵袭的 BxPC-3 细胞数和迁移率均显著降低（均 P<0.01），细胞中 TLR2、p-P38、p-NF-κB 蛋白水平均显著升高（均 P<0.01）。结论：粪肠球菌 LTA 可抑制 PDA 细胞 BxPC-3 的增殖、侵袭和迁移， 其机制可能与 LTA 激活 TLR2 进而促进 P38 及 NF-κB 磷酸化有关。

Objective: To investigate the relationship between SUVmax on preoperative 68Ga-PSMA PET-CT and the clinicopathological characteristics of patients treated with radical prostatectomy. Methods: The clinicopahtological data of patients evaluated with ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA PET-CT preoperatively and treated with radical prostatectomy between May 2016 and August 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. 31 patients with a mean age (63.1±4.9) and baseline PSA (72.71±173.15)ng/ml were enrolled. Their BMI mean (24.6±3.0)kg/m². Baseline testosterone of 14 patients was (4.72±1.64)ng/ml.Based on the Gleason scores related ISUP classification, all patients were classified into grade one in 5 cases, grade 2in 7 cases, grade 3 in 4 cases, grade 4 in 10 cases and grade 5 in 5 cases. The clinical classification included 6 cases in T_2a stage, 2 cases in T_2b stage, 17 cases in T_2c stage, 1 case in T_3a stage, 4 cases in T_3b stage and 1 case in T₄ stage. SUVmax was accessed by two independent professional nuclear medicine physicians. SUVmax was 12.49±9.38. SPSS 16.0 software was used to do statistic analysis. Results: The post-operative pathological results showed the surgical margin positive in 19 cases, negative in 12 cases, vascular positive in 5 cases, negative in 20 case, positive nerve invasion in 20 cases and negative in 11 cases. 2 patients were low risk, 7 patients were medium risk and 22 patients were high risk according to D′Amico classification. Based on the basis of PSA(≤10 or>10) and Gleason score(≤6 or>6), 6 patients were in group with low PSA and low Gleason score, 5 patients were low PSA and high Gleason score, 9 patients were high PSA and low Gleason score, 11 patients were high PSA and high Gleason score. SUVmax had a significant positive relationship with pathological ISUP(r=0.434, P=0.015) and SUVmax in patients with positive intravascular tumor emboli was significantly higher than those with negative intravascular tumor emboli(14.78±10.68 vs. 8.17±2.81, P=0.005). No significant correlation was found between SUVmax and baseline PSA, testosterone, pathologic T stage, surgical margin, nerve invasion, pelvic lymph node status as well as risk stratification. SUVmax could distinguish pathologic ISUP grade 5 with a maximum AUC 0.747 (P=0.033) and the sensitivity was 88.9%. The specificity was 77.3% when SUVmax≥11.34. SUVmax in patients with upgrading ISUP was significantly higher than that in patients with downgrading ISUP (16.01±5.40 vs. 4.98±2.11, P=0.007). Conclusions SUVmax measured on preoperative ⁶⁸Ga-PSMA PET-CT may have a clinical significance in predicting unfavorable pathological factors for patients treated with radical prostatectomy.

Objective: To assess the risk factors associated with nosocomial infection in patients with non-surgical basal ganglia intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) in the acute phase to provide evidence for prevention and intervention of nosocomial infections. Methods: Clinical data of 224 patients with non-surgical basal ganglia ICH from January 2014 to December 2018 in the Shenzhen People′s Hospital were analyzed. Patients were divided into 2 groups based on the presence or absence of infection. Clinical data between the two groups were compared including gender, age, past medical history, bleeding volume, hematoma growth rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, GCS, NIHSS, WBC, RBC, FBI, PLT, CR, BUN, GLU, CRP, UA, CHOL, TG, LDL, HCY. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis and the area under the ROC curve were performed on meaningful variables (P<0.05) to determine the early independent predictors of risk factors for nosocomial infections. ResuIts: Nosocomial infection occurred in 47 of 224 patients, with an infection rate of 20.98%. Compared with infected group, non-infected group had a higher value of age [(63.91 ± 12.37) years vs. (58.66 ± 12.37) years, P=0.010], bleeding volume [(10.33 ± 7.94) ml vs. (7.61 ± 6.58) ml, P=0.034], hematoma growth rate [(7.34 ± 9.17) ml/h vs. (4.33 ± 6.77) ml/h, P=0.040], systolic blood pressure [(177.94 ± 25.28) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) vs. (164.85 ± 22.34) mmHg, P=0.001], NIHSS score [(7.89 ± 4.92) scores vs. (4.84 ± 4.59) scores, P<0.01], WBC [(9.50 ± 3.23) × 10⁹/L vs. (8.25 ± 2.28) × 10⁹/L, P=0.015], FBI [(3.44 ± 0.95) g/L vs. (3.03 ± 0.63) g/L, P=0.007], BUN [(7.01 ± 5.84) mmol/L vs. (4.95 ± 1.93) mmol/L, P=0.021], GLU [(7.27 ± 2.84) mmol/L vs. (5.96 ± 1.75), P=0.004] and CRP [(11.94 ± 21.4) mg/L vs. (4.39 ± 6.41) mg/L, P=0.021]. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that systolic blood pressure (OR=1.021, 95% CI 1.005 -1.037, P=0.012), NIHSS score (OR=1.143, 95% CI 1.056 - 1.237, P=0.001), BUN (OR=1.174, 95% CI 1.025 - 1.344, P=0.020), CRP (OR=1.063, 95% CI 1.016 - 1.112, P=0.008) and age (OR=1.053, 95%CI 1.019 -1.089, P=0.002) was an independent risk factor for nosocomial infection in non-surgical basal ganglia ICH patients in the acute phase. The Area Under Curve (AUC) of the above independent risk factors was calculated, and the results showed that systolic blood pressure (AUC=0.653, 95% CI 0.564 -0.741, P=0.001), NIHSS score (AUC=0.679, 95% CI 0.592 - 0.767, P=0.000), BUN (AUC=0.617, 95% CI 0.526 - 0.708, P=0.014), CRP (AUC=0.691, 95% CI 0.614 - 0.768, P=0.000) and age (AUC=0.643, 95% CI 0.557 - 0.728, P=0.003) had an early predictive value for the occurrence of nosocomial infection in non-operative basal ganglia ICH patients in the acute stage. Conclusions The occurrence of nosocomial infections has identifiable and early predictive risk factors in patients with non-surgical basal ganglia ICH during acute phase. Therefore, controllable risk factors need to be controlled to reduce the incidence of nosocomial infections.

Renal cell carcinoma is one of the common malignant tumors in genitourinary cancer.20％-30％ of patients have distant metastases.However,current biomarkers used for diagnosis,recurrence monitoring,and prognosis assessment are still uncertain.Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are tumor cells that are detached from the primary tumor or metastases,and invade and presenting in peripheral blood vessels.Therefore,CTCs is regarded as a key step in the process of tumor metastasis.However,current studies on CTCs of renal cell carcinoma are facing with problems such as inconsistent detection methods and limited clinical applications.This article reviews the progress in the detection and clinical application of CTCs of renal cell carcinoma.

【Objective】 To summarize the CT and MRI imaging features of gallbladder neuroendocrine tumor.【Methods】 CT and MRI data of 10 patients with gallbladder neuroendocrine tumors proven by surgical pathology between January 2010 and May 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them，6 patients underwent CT examination，3 underwent MRI examination，and 1 patient underwent both CT and MRI examinations. The size，morphologic features and contrast enhancement pattern of gallbladder tumors，and the presence of liver metastasis，bile duct and perihepatic metastasis，lymph node metastasis，and the presence of gallbladder stone were assessed.【Results】Among these 10 cases of gallbladder neuroendocrine tumor，the largest dimension of tumors ranged from 39 mm to 120 mm. The tumors manifest? ed as a mass protruding into the lumen with a broad base adhering to the wall of the gallbladder. In 7 patients who had undergone CT examination，the tumors manifested as an irregular mass with soft tissue density on CT. In 4 patients who had undergone MRI，the tumors showed homogeneous iso-intense signal on T1-weightedimaging，heterogenous hyper-intense signal on T2- weighted imaging，and limited diffusion on diffusion- weighted imaging. All tumors in 10 patients showed moderate，heterogeneous and persistent enhancement. Eight patients had liver metastasis，among whom 7 had metastases in liver segments 4 and 5，and 1 had multiple metastases in other liver segments. Six patients had bile duct invasion and 3 had hilar fat invasion. Seven patients had lymph node metastasis. One patient had gallstone.【Conclusion】Gallbladder neuroendocrine tumor has certain characteristic CT and MRI findings，such as a large mass in gallbladder，which tends to invade adjacent liver parenchyma，and extend along gallbladder neck and gallbladder ducts，accompanied with hepatic portal and retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis，and hilar fat invasion.

Objective To explore the effects of ApoC3 gene on the severity of hypertriglyceridemiainduced acute pancreatitis (AP).Methods ApoC3 transgenetic mice and C57BL/6J mice AP model was induced by cerulein intraperitoneal injection,and ApoC3 transgenetic mice and C57BL/6J mice injected by normal saline solution in equal volume served as control group.Serum triglyceride and cholesterol were detected,and the pathological changes of the pancreas were observed.RT PCR method was used to examine the changes of the inflammatory factor including IL-1β,IL-6,α-SMA and TNF-α mRNA levels,which reflected the severity of the inflammation.Results Serum triglyceride and cholesterol were higher in ApoC3 transgenetic mice than in C57BL/6J mice [(3.434 ± 0.931) mmol/L vs (0.766 ± 0.120) mmol/L,(2.553 ±0.178) mmol/L vs (1.996 ± 0.080) mmol/L],and the differences were statistically different (P ＜ 0.05).The pathological changes of the pancreas were more severe in ApoC3 transgenetic AP mice than in C57BL/6J AP mice,and the IL-1β,IL-6 and α-SMA mRNA levels in the pancreatic tissue were obviously higher in ApoC3 transgenetic AP mice than in C57BL/6J mice (1.72 ± 0.07vs 0.78 ± 0.09,1.58 ± 0.09vs 0.87 ±0.04,0.83 ± 0.05vs 0.44 ± 0.04),and the differences were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05),while there was no statistical difference on TNF-αmRNA level (0.70 ± 0.09vs 0.65 ± 0.08,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions ApoC3 gene could aggravate the severity of the inflammation in hypertriglyceridemia-induced AP.