Objective To develop two multi-dimensional value evaluation index systems for intraocular lens(IOL)to assist decision makers in selecting appropriate IOLs.Methods IOL value assessment indexes were determined preliminarily through literature research and expert consultation,and the weights of the indexes were calculated through hierarchical analysis method and then ranked to form two evaluation index systems.Results Two multi-dimensional value evaluation index systems were constructed for monofocal and refractive IOLs respectively,which both contained 3 first-level indicators and 13 second-level indicators;the evaluation index system for monofocal IOL involved in 26 third-level indicators,and the other for refractive IOL had 33 third-level indicators.The three first-level indicators of the two systems were ranked by weight as clinical dimension,economic dimension and institutional dimension.The monofocal IOL evaluation index system had product performance being the second-level indicator with the highest weight,and the top three third-level indicators with the highest weights being lens capsule biocompatibility,risk of intraocular lens damage during implantation and range of applicable populations;the refractive IOL evaluation index system had clinical efficacy(vision)being the second-level indicator with the highest weight,and the top three third-level indicators with the highest weights being distant vision,(astigmatism)rotational stability/postoperative axial rotation and near vision.Conclusion The multi-dimensional value evaluation index systems developed provide references for comprehensive value evaluation of IOLs.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2023,44(11):83-89]

Meridian-tendon is a central concept in meridian theory of TCM, and its basic research has been increasingly emphasized. While there is no unified understanding of the essence of meridian-tendon, the concept that function of fascia could partially reflect the functions of meridian-tendons has reached consensus in the academic community. This article suggests that under the guidance of meridian-tendon theory, based on previous research foundation of fascia, focusing on adopting fascia research methods, the mechanisms of tender point hyperalgesia and abnormal proliferation related to meridian lesions should be adopted to explain yitong weishu (taking the worst painful sites of muscle spasm as the points), and the mechanisms of meridian intervention efficacy should be adopted to explain yizhi weishu (feelings from patients and acupuncture operators). Furthermore, this article provides an analysis of the future trends in basic research of meridian tendons.
Humans ; Meridians ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Acupuncture ; Tendons ; Pain ; Research Design ; Acupuncture Points

Objective: To study the effects of dihydromyricetin (DMY) on the proliferation, apoptosis and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) cell KYSE150 and KYSE410. Methods: KYSE150 and KYSE410 cells were treated with different concentrations of DMY (0, 25, 50, 100, 150, 200 μmol/L) for 24 hours. The median inhibition concentration (IC₅₀) values of KYSE150 and KYSE410 were detected by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) method. Then 0.5‰ dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was used as control group, dihydromyricetin (DMY), dihydromyricetin and transforming growth factor-β1 (DMY+ TGF-β1), transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) were used as experimental group. Cell proliferation and apoptosis rates were measured by clonal formation and flow cytometry. Transwell invasion and wound healing assay were used to detect cell invasion and migration. The protein expression levels of Caspase-3, Caspase-9, Bcl-2, Bax, Smad2/3, phosphorylation-Smad2/3 (p-Smad2/3) and Vimentin were detected by western blot. Results: The IC₅₀ values of DMY on KYSE410 and KYSE150 cells were 100.51 and 101.27 μmol/L. The clone formation numbers of KYSE150 and KYSE410 in DMY group [(0.53±0.03) and (0.31±0.03)] were lower than those in DMSO group [(1.00±0.10) and (1.00±0.05), P<0.05]. The apoptosis rates of KYSE150 and KYSE410 cells in DMY group [(1.84±0.22)% and (2.80±0.07)%] were higher than those in DMSO group [(1.00±0.18)% and (1.00±0.07)%, P<0.05]. The invasion numbers of KYSE150 and KYSE410 cells in DMY group [(0.42±0.03) and (0.29±0.05)] were lower than those in DMSO group [(1.00±0.08) and (1.00±0.05), P<0.05]. The migration rates of KYSE150 and KYSE410 cells in DMY group [(0.65±0.14)% and (0.40±0.17)%] were lower than those in DMSO group [(1.00±0.10)% and (1.00±0.08)%, P<0.05]. The clone formation numbers of KYSE150 and KYSE410 in TGF-β1 group [(1.01±0.08) and (0.99±0.25)] were higher than those in DMY+ TGF-β1 group [(0.73±0.10) and (0.58±0.05), P<0.05]. The apoptosis rates of KYSE150 and KYSE410 cells in TGF-β1 group [(0.81±0.14)% and (1.18±0.10)%] were lower than those in DMY+ TGF-β1 group [(1.38±0.22)% and (1.85±0.04)%, P<0.05]. The invasion numbers of KYSE150 and KYSE410 cells in TGF-β1 group [(1.19±0.11) and (1.39±0.11)] were higher than those in DMY+ TGF-β1 group [(0.93±0.09) and (0.93±0.05), P<0.05]. The migration rates of KYSE150 and KYSE410 cells in TGF-β1 group [(1.87±0.19)% and (1.32±0.04)%] were higher than those in DMY+ TGF-β1 group [(0.86±0.16)% and (0.77±0.12)%, P<0.05]. The protein expression levels of Bax, Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 in KYSE150 and KYSE410 cells in DMY group were higher than those in DMSO group, while the protein expression level of Bcl-2 was lower than that in DMSO group (P<0.05). The protein expression levels of p-Smad2/3, Smad2/3 and Vimentin in KYSE150 and KYSE410 cells in DMY group were lower than those in DMSO group (P<0.05). The protein expression levels of Bax, Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 in KYSE150 and KYSE410 cells in TGF-β1 group were lower than those in DMY+ TGF-β1 group, and the protein expression level of Bcl-2 was higher than that in DMY+ TGF-β1 group (P<0.05). The protein expression levels of Bax, Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 in KYSE150 and KYSE410 cells in DMY+ TGF-β1 group were lower than those in DMY group, and the protein expression level of Bcl-2 was higher than that in DMY group (P<0.05). The protein expression levels of p-Smad2/3, Smad2/3 and Vimentin in KYSE150 and KYSE410 cells in TGF-β1 group were higher than those in DMY+ TGF-β1 group (P<0.05). Conclusion: DMY can inhibit the proliferation and EMT of ESCC mediated by TGF-β1 and promote cell apoptosis.
Apoptosis ; Caspase 3/metabolism* ; Caspase 9/metabolism* ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Movement ; Cell Proliferation ; Dimethyl Sulfoxide/pharmacology* ; Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition ; Esophageal Neoplasms/metabolism* ; Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma ; Flavonols ; Humans ; Signal Transduction ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1/pharmacology* ; Vimentin/metabolism* ; bcl-2-Associated X Protein/pharmacology*

With the aging process of population in the society, the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in China is increasing continuously and the number of dental patients with CVD is increasing gradually too. Due to the lack of guidelines for dental patients with CVD in our country, how to implement standardized preoperative evaluation and perioperative risk prevention remains a problem to be solved for dentists at present. The present expert consensus was reached by combining the clinical experiences of the expert group of the Fifth General Dentistry Special Committee, Chinese Stomatological Association and respiratory and cardiology experts in diagnosis and treatment for CVD patients, and by systematically summarizing the relevant international guidelines and literature regarding the relationship between CVD and oral diseases and the diagnosis and treatment of dental patients with heart failure, hypertension and antithrombotic therapy. The consensus aims to provide, for the dental clinicians, the criteria on diagnosis and treatment of CVD in dental patients in China so as to reduce the risk and complications, and finally to improve the treatment levels of dental patients with CVD in China.
Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control* ; China/epidemiology* ; Consensus ; Dental Care ; Humans ; Oral Medicine

Glucose ; Humans ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System ; Lycium ; Pituitary-Adrenal System ; Resistance Training

The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of total saponins of Dioscorea (TSD), an extract of the Chinese herbal Bi Xie, on hyperuricemia and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. The rat hyperuricemia model was established by administration of adenine. Thirty-two rats were randomly allocated into 4 groups: model group, low/high-dose TSD-treated groups, and allopurinol-treated group. Meanwhile, 8 rats were used as normal controls. Serum uric acid (UA), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine (Scr), and organic anion transporting polypeptide 1A1 (OATP1A1) levels were measured. Comparison between the model group and treatment (allopurinol and TSD) groups showed the serum UA levels were significantly decreased in treatment groups. TSD had similar effects to allopurinol. It was found that the OATP1A1 protein expression levels in treatment groups were higher than in model group and normal controls. And different from the allopurinol-treated groups, TSD-treated group had elevated OATP1A1 expression levels in the stomach, liver, small intestine and large intestine tissues. It was suggested that TSD may facilitate the excretion of UA and lower UA levels by up-regulating OATP1A1 expression.
Animals ; Creatinine ; blood ; Dioscorea ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Hyperuricemia ; drug therapy ; Intestines ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Liver ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Organic Anion Transporters, Sodium-Independent ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Saponins ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Stomach ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Up-Regulation ; Uric Acid ; blood

OBJECTIVETo discuss the distribution characteristics of language areas in Chinese-English non-fluent late bilinguals.

METHODSSix Chinese-English bilinguals with eloquent tumors underwent awake-surgeries. The activated areas of BOLD-fMRI were obtained as the patients performed pure naming, verb generation, and abstract/concrete judgment tasks. Direct cortical stimulation(DCS) as the golden standard of language mapping were performed during awake-surgeries on the exposed cortical areas. BOLD-fMRI results of 3 language tasks were compared with DCS results. The statistical method was McNemer.

RESULTSSixteen positive sites(22.5%) were comfirmed out of 71 stimulations. There were 3 specific language sites, in which 2 sites were specific English sites and 1 site was specific Chinese site. When activated areas of BOLD-fMRI were compared with the DCS results, verb generation task had the highest concordance rate 40.9% (95%CI:30.2%-52.5%) . There were significant differences between the results of BOLD-fMRI and DCS of all 3 bilingual tasks(P < 0.017).

CONCLUSIONSThere are specific language areas in Chinese-English non-fluent late bilinguals. The BOLD-fMRI language mapping could not substitute DCS in the context of mapping language areas in bilinguals.

Adult ; Brain Mapping ; Brain Neoplasms ; surgery ; Cerebral Cortex ; physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Multilingualism ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility of improving the sensitivity of DNA detection by increasing the PCR cycle index and decreasing the volume of amplifying system. METHODS: The DNA of semen were collected from 10 healthy irrelevant volunteers, and were quantified to 50, 40, 30, 25, 20, 15, 10 pg/microL, separately. All samples were then amplified in 10, 5, 3 microL volume and at 28, 30, 32, 34, 36 cycles, respectively. 3130 genetic analyzer was used to detect 15 autosomal STR loci. RESULTS: Under the situation of 28 cycles and 3 microL volume, samples which achieved > 40 pg/microL could be correctly typed. Under the situation of 10, 5, 3 microL volume, samples which achieved > 20 pg/microL could be correctly typed at 34 cycles. When increasing the index to 36 cycles, they could not be correctly typed because of the non-specific band. CONCLUSION DNA detecting sensitivity can be improved to a certain extent by increasing the cycle index and decreasing the volume of amplifying system.
DNA/genetics* ; DNA Fingerprinting/methods* ; Feasibility Studies ; Forensic Genetics/methods* ; Humans ; Limit of Detection ; Male ; Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods* ; Semen/chemistry* ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Tandem Repeat Sequences

BACKGROUNDFew data on ankle fractures in China from large multicenter epidemiological and clinical studies are available. The aim of this research was to evaluate the epidemiological features and surgical outcomes of ankle fractures by reviewing 235 patients who underwent ankle fracture surgery at five hospitals in China.

METHODSThis study included patients who underwent ankle fracture surgery at five Chinese hospitals from January 2000 to July 2009. Age, gender, mechanism of injury, Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Osteosynthesefragen (AO) fracture type, fracture pattern, length of hospital stay and treatment outcome were recorded. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS software. The American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot scale, visual analogue scale (VAS), and arthritis scale were used to evaluate outcome.

RESULTSOf 235 patients with ankle fractures, 105 were male with an average age of 37.8 years and 130 were female with an average age of 47.3 years. The average follow-up period was 55.7 months. There were significant differences in the ratios of patients in different age groups between males and females, and in mechanisms of injury among different age groups. There were also significant differences in the length of hospital stay among different fracture types and mechanisms of injury. In healed fractures, the average AOFAS ankle-hindfoot score was 95.5, with an excellence rate of 99.6%, the average VAS score was 0.17, and the average arthritis score was 0.18. Movement of the injured ankle was significantly different to that of the uninjured ankle. There were no significant differences between AO fracture types, fracture patterns or follow-up periods and AOFAS score, but there were some significant differences between these parameters and ankle joint movements, pain VAS score and arthritis score.

CONCLUSIONSAnkle fractures occur most commonly in middle-aged and young males aged 20 - 39 years and in elderly females aged 50 - 69 years. The most common mechanisms of injury are twisting injuries and falls from a standing height or less. The results of surgical treatment are satisfactory.

Adult ; Age Distribution ; Ankle Injuries ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sex Distribution ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To develop a best method of constructing influenza NP fusion gene containing enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP).Methods The full-length NP gene of influenza A was amplified by RT-PCR and was inserted into an eukaryotic expression vector pEGFP-N1 in order to construct a fusion gene of pEGFP-N1-NP using three different methods.Method one,NP gene containing restriction endonucleases and pEGFP-N1 were both digested using the same restrict enzymes and ligated,yielding the fusion gene of pEGFP-N1-NP. Method two,NP gene was cloned into pMD19-T Vector to construct a plasmid of pMD19-T-NP.The pMD19-T-NP cloned into pEGFP-N1 to construct the fusion gene of pEGFP-N1-NP; Method three,NP gene containing restriction endonucleases was cloned into pMD19-T Simple Vector to construct a plasmid of pMD19-T-NP.The pMD19-T-NP cloned into pEGFP-N1 to construct the fusion gene of pEGFP-N1-NP.Results The fusion gene of recombinant eukaryotic expression vector pEGFP-N1-NP was successfully constructed by using method three.Conclusions The full-length NP gene is obtained and its fusion gene of recombinant eukaryotic expression plasmid is successfully constructed.This study provides foundation for further understanding the biological function of NP protein and the mechanism of diseases induced by influenza A virus.