Background: Research on lactic acid bacteria has confirmed how specific strains possess probiotic properties and impart unique sensory characteristics to food products. The use of probiotic lactic acid bacteria in many food products, thus confers various health benefits to humans when they are frequently consumed in adequate amounts. Aim: To determine the effect of lactic acid bacteria on the growth of tomatoes. Materials and Methods: The lactic acid bacteria were cultured using the Lactobacillus medium from whipping cream and Dandelion (Taraxacum mongolicum) and identified using the MALDI-TOF MS automated microbial identification analyzer. A solution was prepared using Lactobacillus delbrueckii isolated from whipping cream and Lactobacillus gasseri isolated from Dandelion (10^7CFU/ml), and sterilized tomato seeds were watered for 10 days with the solution, while sterilized distilled water was used as a control. The germination rate of the seeds and the root length were measured and recorded every day. Results: The solution of L.delbrueckii bacteria isolated from cream germinated 100% of the seeds, which is 4% higher than the control seeds, while the solution of L.gasseri bacteria isolated from Dandelion germinated 100%, supporting 4% higher than the control seeds. Seedlings irrigated with the L.delbrueckii bacterial solution exhibited an average length of 10.3cm, which was 1.3cm longer than the control (P=0.003), indicating a statistically significant difference. Similarly, those treated with the L.gasseri solution had an average length of 11.5cm, 2.5cm longer than the control (P=0.005), also demonstrating statistical significance. Conclusion The application of the lactic acid bacterial solution significantly enhanced both the germination of tomato seeds and the growth of the plants compared to the control solution.

Introduction: Valproic acid (VPA) has been used in the treatment of seizures and bipolar disorders. In the present study, we examined how VPA affected PI3K-Akt pathway in response to LPS by using mouse RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. Material and methods: Mouse RAW 264.7 macrophage-like cells cultured and the cell viability checked by MTT and TUNEL assay. In addition, protein expression and protein interaction were detected by immune blotting and immune precipitation, respectively. TLR4 expression on cell surface studied by FACS analysis. Results: The MTT and TUNEL assays demonstrated no significant difference between VPA at 2 mM treated and untreated control cells. VPA attenuated LPS-induced phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and Akt, but not nuclear factor (NF)-κB and mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs). There was no significant difference in the TLR4 expression on the cell surface between cells treated with or without VPA. VPA inhibited LPS-induced PI3K/Akt signal transduction in a dose dependent manner. Conclusion VPA at 2mM exhibits nontoxic effect in the RAW 264.7 cells. VPA down regulates LPS-induced phosphorylation of Akt via inhibition of PI3K activation.

Introduction: Toll like receptors (TLRs) are a class of proteins that key role in the innate immune system. The SOCS1 and SHP2 proteins are negative-feed loop inhibitors of signaling of JAK/STAT and TLRs pathways. Purpose: To determine negative regulator protein activation which is activated through TLR7 ligand/IFN-γ signal transduction in endothelial cells. Methods: We used mouse aortic linear endothelial cell (END-D); protein expressio was detected by western blotting Results: We analyzed a time dependent stimulation effects of negative regulator proteins stimulated by TLR7 ligand/IFN-γ in endothelial cell cultures. Imiquimod of 10 μg/ml treatment of 1 hr was followed by 100 ng/ml IFN-γ stimulation for 1-8hr to analysis of negative regulator SOCS1 and SHP2 protein expression.
In untreated cells, there was low activations of negative regulator SOCS1 and SHP2 proteins. IFN-γ stimulation alone had increased SOCS1 and SHP2 protein expressions, also imiquimod treatment highly elevated SOCS1 and SHP2 expressions. However imiquimod and IFN-γ doubled treatment have decreased activation of negative regulator SOCS1 and SHP2 proteins. These findings suggest SOCS1 and SHP2 proteins are inhibitors in the TLR7 ligand/IFN-γ signaling. Conclusion Negative regulators, SOCS1 and SHP2 strongly suppressed activations of TLR7 ligand/IFN-γ signaling

Introduction: When human body encounters external pathogens primary/innate immunity cells are activated by recognizing them and secondary/adaptive immunity is activated consecutively. In our previous study, we revealed that there is a synergistic action between TLR9 and IFN-γ signaling in the endothelial cells. Purpose: To determine the role of negative and positive regulator proteins on the IFN-γ/TLR9 signaling pathway. Methods: In this study, murine endothelial cell (END-D) culture was used. END-D cells pre-treated with TLR9 ligand CpG DNA and then stimulated with IFN-γ. The negative (SHP-2, SOCS1, PIAS1) and positive (p38) regulator protein expression was detected by Western blotting. Results and Conclusion Treatment by TLR9 ligand CpG DNA and IFN-γ increased positive regulator p38 phosphorylation in 0.5 hour. CpG DNA inhibited IFN-γ negative regulator PIAS1 protein expression in 6 hour and SOCS1 and SHP-2 expression could not affect in 4 hour.

Introduction: The aim of this research project is to elucidate the crosstalk of innate and adaptive immune reactions against the DNA containing bacteria. : This study held in the Core laboratory, Science Technology Center, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences (MNUMS). Murine aortal endothelial cells, END-D cultured and the cell viability checked by MTT assay. In addition, the NO production, protein and gene expression studied by Griess Reagent assay, R.T-PCR and immunoblotting, respectively. Results: 0.1µM, 1µM and 10µM of TLR9 ligand exhibited no cytotoxic action against the cells by MTT assay. IFN-ү alone induced NO production in END-D cells. In the other hand, TLR9 ligand at 0.1µM, 1µM and 10µM up-regulated IFN-ү induced NO production in dose dependent manner. RTPCR results exhibit that TLR9 ligand up regulates iNOS mRNA. Immunoblotting analysis showed the enhanced iNOS protein expression and phosphorylation of STAT1 in cells pre-treated with TLR9 ligand. Discussion: We have demonstrated CpG DNA, TLR9 ligand, up-regulates IFN-ү induced NO via enhanced IFN-ү signaling. The result of Western Blotting and RT-PCR support the up-regulation of NO. CpG DNA can be used as agent against virus and bacteria. Further research need to be conducted. Conclusion TLR9 ligand, CpG DNA up-regulates IFN-ү induced NO production in time and dose dependent manner. TLR9 ligand augments the expression of iNOS mRNA and STAT1 phosphorylation in response to IFN-ү.

BACKGROUND: Toll like receptors (TLRs) are a class of proteins that key role in the innate immune system. TLR7 is expressed on monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells, T cell, B cell and eosinophiles. TLR7, originally identified as recognizing imidaquinoline, loxibrine, broprimine and ssRNA, ssRNA viruses such as vesicular stomatitis virus, influenza A virus and human immunodefiency virus. It is known that virus ssRNA affects signaling molecule of IFN-y. Objective: To determine gene and protein activation of IFN-y signal transduction by TLR7 ligand in the endothelial cells. MATERIAL: In study we used mouse aortic linear endothelial cell which is cultured (END-D) in 5% heat- inactivated fetal calf serum (FCS), medium (DMEM) containing antibiotic mix(penicillin G, streptomycin, amphotericin B) at 37°C (5% CO2). Endothelial cells treated with synthetic IFN-γ and imiquimodligands, then the NO (nitric oxide) concentration in the supernatant is determined by Griess reagent. Endothelial cells are cultured in 6 well cell culture plate and in each well 2*104cells are expected to be grown for 24 hours of culture. Then, the cells are treated with synthetic IFN-γ and имиквимод ligand for 6 hours and the NO signaling gene activation iNOS mRNA expression which is induced by IFN-γ is determined by RT-qPCR. Endothelial cells are cultured in 12 well cell culture plate and in each well 2*104 cells are expected to be grown for 18 hours of culture. Then, the cells are treated with synthetic IFN-γ and imiquimodligands for 24 hours and the NO signaling protein iNOS expression which is induced by IFN-γ is determined by western blotting. The experiment was conducted as representation mean of at least three test results. The difference between statistical probabilities is determined by the “Students” t test. The p<0.01 value is assumed to be statistically different. RESULTS: TLR7 ligand imiquimodaugmented interferon gamma induced nitric oxide production TLR7 ligand imiquimodincreased interferon gamma induced iNOS mRNA gene expression. TLR7 ilgand imiquimodup-regulated interferon gamma induced iNOS protein expression. CONCLUSIONS: TLR7 ligand imiquimod augments IFN-γ signaling in the endothelial cells. This synergistic effect has revealed in the levels of gene and protein expression.

Traditional medicine has been used in the treatment of heatmodels Lider- 7 (Sophora alopecuroides, Gardenia Jasmenoides, Terminalia bellarica, Inula helenum, Terminalia chebula Retz, Lagotisglauca, Gentiana decumbens) acute virulence weighing 25-30 grams of white mouse peritoneal cavity through the study of the preparation, planting using the average fatal dose determined. Byeryezovskayaanalysis is LD50 = 8.9 ±1.2. According to the results of low malignant. Sophora alopecuroides of the heat reduction, wound healing, thigh and anti-rheumatic and bronchial gland secretions to reduce emissions and increase, such as anti- inflammatory and anti-bacterical activity. Inula helenum member of biologically active substances contained in essential fatty alantolakton, anti-bacterical anti-parasite without reduce fever and inflammation activity. Gardenia Jasmenoides CCL4-created by the prevention of chronic liver and ethanol extracts of rats to treat inflammation of the stomach caused effects, and antioxidant. Terminalia bellarica extracted from the seeds of anti-HIV, malariya and antifungals, and anti-bacterial effects. Terminalia chebula Retz pain and antioxidant, and anti-bacterial (Streptococcus mutans, Staphylacoccusaureus, Klebsiela pneumonia) anti- virus (herpes simplex), endothelial cells and virus protection, and blood glucose levels revealed that action. Gentiana decumbens of the antioxidant action of drugs is an important raw material.

Schizonepeta tenuifolia (Korean name Hyung-Gae) is an oriental medicinal plant that is widely used in Korea, China and Japan. S. tenuifolia (Hyung-Gae) has many pharmacological activities and is mostly used for many medicinal preparations. The dried aerial part (spikes and stems) of three oriental medicinal plants S. tenuifolia (Hyung-Gae), Agastache rugosa(Kwhak-Hyang) and Elsholtzia ciliata(Hyang-Yoo) belonging to the same family, mint family Labiaceae, have so similar shape and smell, so it is not easy to differentiate the three medicinal plants. trnL-F region of chloroplast DNA of the three medicinal plants were sequenced and used as a target in multiplex PCR reaction to identify S. tenuifolia. After alignment of trnL-F sequences of the authenticated plant samples, one single nucleotide polymorphism specific to S. tenuifoliawas found. Based on this SNP, new primer was designed that specifically amplify trnL-F region of S. tenuifolia. The established multiplex-PCR was proven to be effective in the differentiation of commercial S. tenuifoliamaterials from A. rugosaand E. ciliata. This rapid and accurate molecular method is highly promising for use in the food industry.

The main goal is to determine main cause of hemorrhage, peculiarity of blood, blood products replacement and supply of the blood cells in practice of First Maternity Hospital during last years. The study subjects were recruited the medical data of pregnant women being delivered at the First Maternity Hospital last 10 years. WHO diagnostic criteria were used to define hemorrhage. The data with the hemorrhage were analyzed prospectively by computer programm and was writed in word. Factor analysis was performed to group of normal and pathology delivery and etc. and analyses factors hemorrhage. Conclusion: The main causes of pre and postpartum hemorrhage arc miscarriage, non-legal abortion, pathology of placenta based on the extra gcnitlll diseases and pathology of pregnancy of mothers Hemorrhage is to be on 3 place amongst the serious complications of obstetrics In First Maternity Hospital as to increased number of delivery year by year the percentage of complications of delivery also are grow. Therefore the transfusion of blood and blood products also increasing.