Hypoxic pulmonary hypertension(HPH)is a kind of chronic high-altitude sickness disease,which is also the initiation link of high-altitude sickness such as pneumocardial disease and high-altitude pulmonary edema.Its main features are persistent vasoconstriction and irreversible remodeling of blood vessels.HPH has greatly impacted the health of people in the plat-eau section.As a typical representative of ethnic medicine,Zang medicine embodies the wisdom of the Zang people in their long-term struggle against diseases.Adapting to local conditions for a long time,Zang medicine has unique advantages in the treatment of HPH.By reviewing the pathogenesis of HPH and the research of single Zang medicine and the complex prescription of Zang medicine in the treatment of HPH,this article aims to provide a theoretical basis for the physiological and pathological research of HPH and to provide a reference for the clinical application of Zang medicine.

Objective:To discuss the effect of cold exposure on nociception in the rats and its regulatory mechanism on transient receptor potential(TRP)ion channels in the sensory neurons,and to provide the basis for clarifying the biological mechanism of cold-sensitive pain.Methods:Sixteen female SD rats were divided into control group(n=8)and cold group(n=8).The rats in control group were exposed to the environment of(24±2)℃,and the rats in cold group were exposed to low temperature(4 ℃±1 ℃)in an artificial intelligence climate chamber for 4 h daily,for one week.Von Frey filaments were used to detect the mechanical withdrawal threshold(MWT)of the rats in two groups;immunofluorescence staining was used to observe the expression levels of TRPA1,TRPM8,TRPV1,and TRPV4 in dorsal root ganglion(DRG)tissue of the rats in two groups,the expression levels of calcitonin gene-related peptide(CGRP)and substance P(SP)in DRG tissue of the rats in two groups,and the expression levels of TRPA1,TRPM8,TRPV1,and TRPV4 in synovial tissue of the rats in two groups.Results:Compared with control group,the MWT of the rats in cold group was significantly decreased(P＜0.05),the expression levels of TRPA1 and TRPM8 in DRG tissue were significantly increased(P＜0.05),the expression level of TRPV1 was significantly decreased(P＜0.05),there was no significant difference in the expression level of TRPV4(P＞0.05),and the expression levels of CGRP and SP were significantly increased(P＜0.05).Compared with control group,the expression level of TRPA1 in synovial tissue of the rats in cold group was significantly increased(P＜0.05),while the expression levels of TRPM8,TRPV1,and TRPV4 were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Conclusion:Short-term cold exposure can induce the hyperalgesia of the rats,and its mechanism may be associated with the changes in the expression of TRP ion channels in DRG and synovial tissues.TRPA1 sensory neurons play an important role in local joint cold pain.

Objectives:To compare the HbA 1c results on capillary electrophoresis (CE), cation exchange-high performance liquid chromatography (CE-HPLC), and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Methods:902 normal samples without hemoglobin variants and 83 samples with hemoglobin variants were collected in 2020. The variants were divided into α-chain, β-chain, γ-chain, and δ-chain variants. The 902 samples without hemoglobin variants were measured by CE, CE-HPLC, and MALDI-TOF MS. Three methods were used for measuring α-chain, β-chain, and γ-chain compared with the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) reference method. According to the EP9-A3 guideline, Passing-Bablok regression and concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) were performed for correlation and consistency, respectively. The imprecision was assessed by coefficient of variance (CV). The mean relative bias was calculated and compared with the lowest biological variation bias of 2.3%.Results:All three methods met the acceptance of imprecision requirements (<2%). The R 2 and CCC for the normal samples were all above 0.95 between the pairwise comparison of CE, CE-HPLC, and MALDI-TOF MS. The mean relative bias between MALDI-TOF MS and CE-HPLC was higher than the lowest biological variation bias of 2.3%. The R 2 results between CE and LC-MS/MS results of α-chain, β-chain, γ-chain variants were>0.95, and the mean relative biases for γ-chain variants exceeded the lowest biological variation bias of 2.3%. A bad correlation ( R2=0.66) for β-chain variants was shown between CE-HPLC and LC-MS/MS and the mean relative biases of all variant samples exceeded 2.3%. MALDI-TOF MS showed good correlations with LC-MS/MS for three groups, and the mean relative biases for γ-chain variants were higher than 2.3%. Conclusion:MALDI-TOF MS and CE-HPLC with CE had good comparability in the measurement of HbA 1c in normal samples, butthe three methods showed interferences from different types of Hb variants and the CE method was affected with less interference.

Objective To compare the set up errors derived from different registration methods of the X-ray volume imaging (XVI) system for radiotherapy in the treatment of middle/lower-segment esophageal cancer, and to provide a reference for radiation treatment of esophageal cancer. Methods We randomly selected 63 patients with middle/lower-segment esophageal cancer, and obtained their reconstructed XVI images at the first therapy to perform automatic registration with gray-value and bone registration methods. We acquired and compared the three translation errors (along x [left to right], y [head to feet], and z [front to back] axes) and three rotation errors (around the x, y, and z axes) derived from the two registration methods. Results Gray-value registration had significantly smaller translation errors along the x and z axes than bone registration (x azes t = −2.78, z azes t = −2.15, P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference along the y axes (P > 0.05). The rotation errors around the three axes were all smaller than 1°, and were smaller with gray-value registration than with bone registration, but without significant differences (P > 0.05). Conclusion We recommend gray-value registration for radiotherapy in the treatment of middle/lower-segment esophageal cancer. Manual verification or fine-tuning is recommended after automatic registration in clinical practice. Besides translation errors, rotation errors should also be paid attention to.

Objective:To establish a HPLC method for determinating 9 components simultaneously in Swertia chirayita. Methods:By useing water Sunfire C18 column (4.6 mm× 250 mm,5 μm); Gradient elution was carried out with methanol-0.05% phosphoric acid solution as mobile phase. Setting the column temperature at 30 ℃, the flow rate at 1.0 ml/min, and the detection wavelength at 254 nm.Results:9 components showed good linear relationship within the injection quality range. The recovery rates of wertiamarin, Gentiopicroside, Angelica glycosides,Mangiferin, Isolysine, Gentianoside, Diol glycoside, 8-hydroxy-1,3,5 trimethoxyketone, and Daisy leaf gentinone were 95.38%, 92.41%, 95.14%, 91.87%, 92.24%, 92.51%, 95.08%, 91.72%, 95.74% ( n=6). Conclusion:The method is simple, efficient, sensitive, accurate, economical and practical, with repeatability and stability. It could provide reference for the quality control and comprehensive utilization of Swertia chirayita.

Objective    To investigate the safety of endoscopic thoracic sympathicotomy in the treatment of primary hyperhidrosis based on ambulatory surgery mode. Methods    Retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of 158 patients with primary hyperhidrosis who received endoscopic thoracic sympathicotomy in the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University from January 2019 to March 2021. There were 68 (43.2%) males and 90 (56.8%) females with an average age of 14-33 (20.5±3.1) years. The basic information of the patients, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative pain score, hospitalization expenses and postoperative complications were observed and recorded. Results    All surgeries were successfully completed and the patients were discharged as planned. The operation time was 41.8±13.9 min, the intraoperative blood loss was 10.5±7.3 mL, the postoperative anesthesia recovery time was 15.0±5.9 min, and the pain score was 3.0±0.9 points. The total length of hospitalization was 1.6±1.0 days. The total postoperative expenses were 9 471.7±1 698.9 yuan. Pneumothorax occurred after the operation in 3 patients. Telephone follow-up on the 30th day after the operation showed no recurrence of sweaty hands, pneumothorax or rapid heart rate, and no serious complications or death related to the day operation within 30 days after the operation. Conclusion    Endoscopic thoracic sympathicotomy based on ambulatory surgery mode is safe and effective in the treatment of primary hyperhidrosis.

Glucose-regulated protein 94(Grp94), an endoplasmic reticulum resident Hsp90 paralog, has a limited set of client proteins. Selective inhibition of Grp94 has emerged as a new direction for the development of drugs targeting the Hsp90 chaperone system. Now Grp94-Probe, an affinity-based probe of Grp94, was designed and synthesized based on DDO-5813, a most potent Grp94-selective inhibitor we found previously. Using fluorescence polarization(FP)assay and double staining assay with ER-Red in cells, we confirmed the binding of Grp94-Probe with ER Grp94. The FR results showed that the probe exhibited high affinity for Grp94N(EC50=117. 9 nmol/L)without exhibiting obvious Hsp90α inhibition, Moreover, as a fluorescence probe molecule, Grp94-Probe could better distinguish the inhibitory activity of compounds for Grp94N. The results of fluorescence analysis in cells showed that Grp94-Probe could co-stain with ER-Red in the endoplasmic reticulum, and the fluorescence did not decay rapidly with time after 4 h of staining, which further indicated the binding of Grp94-Probe with Grp94 in cells. This Grp94 selective probe can be further used for biology evaluation of Grp94 inhibitor and exploration of Grp94 biological functions.

BACKGROUND: Mediastinal infection is a serious infection of mediastinal connective tissue, with more complications and higher mortality. Application of broad-spectrum antibiotics and nutritional support, early sufficient drainage is the key to successful treatment. In the mode of drainage, this paper discusses the application of continuous negative pressure drainage technique to treat acute anterior mediastinal infection of severe mouth pharynx source, and the good results are summarized and shared. METHODS: In January to December in 2017, a total of 17 cases treated acute mediastinal infection is derived from the throat, has formed a mediastinal abscess, surgery adopts retrosternal counterpart negative pressure drainage way, namely the sternum nest and free sternum xiphoid process under the incision on the first mediastinal clearance, make breakthrough and placed drainage device, suture closed wound, continuous negative pressure drainage, negative pressure using 3 cm-5 cm water column. RESULTS: Among the 17 patients, 14 patients were relieved by continuous negative pressure drainage, and then the drainage tube was removed. In 2 cases, the infection broke into the right thoracic cavity, and the closed drainage caused the negative pressure to disappear, and the negative pressure drainage was replaced by the conventional drainage, and the drainage tube was removed after the drainage tube was clear. One patient had formed a mediastinal abscess incision drainage time later, complicated with septic shock and sepsis, resulting in the death of multiple organ failure. CONCLUSIONS The traditional treatment of severe acute mediastinal infection is sternal incision and drainage. Continuous negative pressure drainage adequate drainage of mediastinal can relieve patients' pain, effusion, and avoid the dressing out repeatedly. It is an effective method. However, there are limitations in this method, which need to be further optimized.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Drainage ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mediastinal Diseases ; diagnostic imaging ; etiology ; surgery ; Mediastinum ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Pharyngeal Diseases ; complications ; diagnostic imaging ; Young Adult

Through checking the ancient books and the articles at the modern times and combining the disciplinary characteristics of techniques of acupuncture and moxibustion, the training of manipulation skills was discussed. It is proposed that during the teaching of the techniques of acupuncture and moxibustion, the most basic ability of needling technique should be trained in the first place. This ability includes the ability of spiritual cultivation, the ability of tactile perception and the specific training for the needling techniques. The ability of spiritual cultivation refers to the consciousness concentration to the patient when providing acupuncture, which may promotes and conducts to the affected area. The ability of tactile perception refers to the different feelings of different tissues under the hands before and after acupuncture, the perception to the different needling sensations corresponding to the chief complains of patients as well as the different body responses after acupuncture. In order to ensure the better learning results, the specific manipulations of needling techniques should be provided accordingly on the base of these basic training skills of acupuncture.
Acupuncture ; education ; Books ; Learning ; Moxibustion ; Teaching

Objective: To observe the effects of music electro-acupuncture and pulsed electro-acupuncture on locomotor avtivity and hippocampal astrocytes in fast-aging (SAMP8) mice, and to compare the anti-dementia mechanism.Methods: Thirty 8-month-old male SAMP8 mice were randomly divided into model group (group M), music electroacupuncture group (group MA), pulsed electro-acupuncture group (group EA) (n=10), with homologous normal aging SAMR1 mice as control group (group C) (n=10) . Acupuncture stimulation was applied to"Baihui" (GV20) 、"Yintang" (GV29) and"Renzhong" (DU26) for 20 min per day for 15 days. The Morris water maze was used to assess learningmemorize ability. Immunohistochemical DAB staining was used to observe GFAP exptession in hippocampus. Detect GFAP protein levels by Western blot in hippocampus. Results: The Morris water maze test showed: Compared with group C, the escape latency were increased (P ＜ 0.01), swimming distance were increased in space exploration experiment in group M (P ＜ 0.01) . Compared with group M, the escape latency were reduced in group MA and EA (P ＜ 0.01, P ＜ 0.05) and the swimming distance were shortened (all P ＜ 0.05) . The immunohistochemical DAB staining showed: Compared with group C, the average optical density of GFAP in the hippocampal CA1 area of group M increased significantly (P ＜0.01); the optical density of GFAP in CA1 area of hippocampus in both groups MA and EA was significantly decreased (all P ＜ 0.01), while the optical density of GFAP in MA group was lower than that of EA group (P ＜ 0.05) . Western blot test showed: Compared with group C, the expression of GFAP protein obviously increased (P ＜ 0.01) . Compared with group M, the expression of GFAP protein obviously decreased and had a downregulation tendency in group MA and EA (all P ＜ 0.05), while the expression of GFAP protein decreased in MA group compare with EA group (P ＜ 0.05) .Conclusion: Both music electro-acupuncture and pulsed electro-acupuncture can improve the learning and memory abilities of SAMP8 mice and decrease the expression of GFAP, which may be related to its mechanism of reducing neuroinflammatory reaction, improving apoptosis and eventually protecting neurons, and music electro-acupuncture has a better tendency than pulsed electro-acupuncture.