Anniversaries and Special Events ; Alkanesulfonic Acids

Adolescent ; Humans ; Anniversaries and Special Events ; Otolaryngology ; China ; Periodicals as Topic

Humans ; Anniversaries and Special Events ; Hypersensitivity

Humans ; Anniversaries and Special Events ; Cardiology ; Cardiomyopathies/therapy* ; China ; Heart Failure/therapy*

Humans ; Anniversaries and Special Events ; Cardiology ; Cardiomyopathies/therapy* ; China ; Heart Failure/therapy*

Anniversaries and Special Events ; Asians ; China ; History, 20th Century ; Humans

The SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant is rampant in Europe and the United States, and the Delta variant has caused several small-scale outbreaks in China. It is particularly important to simulate the transmission risk of novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) during large-scale events, so as to ensure a good preparation of personnel, materials, isolation sites and other support work in advance. Taking the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympic Games as an example, this study introduces the use of mathematical models to simulate the entry risks, closed-loop risks and prevention and control measures of athletes, officials and other stakeholders of the Olympic Games. In the simulation results on January 19, 2022, the estimated number of Olympic Games-related infections who were identified at borders was 357 (95%CI: 153-568) and the observed number was 323. The estimated number of "seed" cases that entered the closed-loop of Olympics Games was 195 (95%CI: 43-335), and the observed number of cases in the closed-loop was 212. This study demonstrates the important role of mathematical models of infectious diseases in the pragmatic application of preventive medicine and public health.
Anniversaries and Special Events ; COVID-19 ; Communicable Diseases ; Humans ; Mass Gatherings ; Models, Theoretical ; SARS-CoV-2 ; United States

According to literature reports, the injury rate of the athletes in Olympic Winter Games recent years was as high as 10%-14%. Combined with the background of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the medical insurance work of the 24th Olympic Winter Games held in Beijing had put forward more complicated requirements and more severe challenges. In order to better optimize anesthesia management, this article summarized the perioperative treatment of athletes in Olympic Winter Games, the safety protection strategy of medical staff under general anesthesia, and the potential impact of peri-operative drugs on athletes. Anesthesiologists, as the core members of the rescue team, should be familiar with the particularity of operative anesthesia of athletes, sum up relevant experience to ensure the safety of perioperative patients. So all kinds of technical measures should be taken in the process of operation to minimize the indoor pollution caused by the patient's cough. For example, all the patients should wear N95 masks from the ward to the operating room, and after the operation, wear the N95 masks back to the ward. Although the International Olympic Committee had banned more than 200 drugs for participants and athletes who had to strictly follow International Olympic Committee requirements during anesthesia, the athletes were no longer participating in this Olympic Winter Games, so opioids (sufentanil and remifentanil) and glucocorticoid (dexamethasone) could be used according to the actual needs of surgery and anesthesia. Five athletes in Yanqing competition area underwent surgical anesthesia in Peking University Third Hospital Yanqing Hospital. All the five patients received general anesthesia, of whom four underwent orthopaedic surgery and one underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy. General anesthesia with laryngeal mask airway was the first choice in the five patients. And the pain after orthopaedic surgery was severe and nerve block technique could effectively relieve the pain after surgery. Three patients received ultrasound-guided nerve block analgesia, the postoperative analgesia lasted 36 h. After the operation, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) was infused intravenously in the ward and all the patients recovered uneventfully. As the core member of the trauma rescue team, anesthesiologists should be familiar with the particularity of the athletes' surgical anesthesia, do a good job in medical security, and summarize relevant experience to ensure the life safety of the perioperative patients.
Anesthesia/methods* ; Anniversaries and Special Events ; Athletic Injuries/surgery* ; Beijing/epidemiology* ; COVID-19/prevention & control* ; Humans ; Pain Management/methods* ; Sports

Metabolic engineering is the use of recombinant DNA technology, synthetic biology and genome editing to modify the cellular networks including metabolic, gene regulatory, and signaling networks of an organism. It can achieve the desirable goals such as enhanced production of metabolites, and improve the capability of biomanufacturing pharmaceuticals, biofuels and biochemicals as well as other biotechnology products. In order to comprehend the status of metabolic engineering in past 30 years, we published this special issue to review the progress and trends of metabolic engineering from the four aspects of overall development, key technologies, host engineering and product engineering, respectively, for laying the foundation for the further development of metabolic engineering.
Anniversaries and Special Events ; Biofuels ; Biotechnology ; Metabolic Engineering ; Synthetic Biology

The academician
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; Anniversaries and Special Events ; China ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Moxibustion ; Physicians