Aim To investigate the regulatory role and mechanism of resveratrol in inhibiting autophagy and promoting apoptosis in choroidal melanoma cells. Methods Choroidal melanoma cells (MUM2B) were divided into control and experimental groups, and treated with different concentrations of resveratrol (0, 10, 20,40,60,80 μmol ·L

Neurodevelopmental disorders in children have become a significant global public health concern,impacting child health worldwide.In China,the current intervention model for high-risk infants involves early diagnosis and early treatment.However,in recent years,overseas studies have explored novel preventive early intervention strategies for neurodevelopmental disorders in high-risk infants,achieving promising results.This article provides a comprehensive review of the optimal timing,methods,and intervention models of the preventive early intervention strategies for neurodevelopmental disorders in high-risk infants.The aim is to enhance the awareness and knowledge of healthcare professionals regarding preventive early intervention strategies for neurodevelopmental disorders in high-risk infants,facilitate clinical research and application of such interventions in China,and ultimately reduce the incidence of neurodevelopmental disorders in this high-risk population.[Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics,2024,26(3):297-301]

The incidence and disability rate of neurodevelopmental disorders in children are high,making it a significant public health issue affecting children's health globally. Neurodevelopmental disorders are particularly common in children with congenital heart disease (CHD),with clinical characteristics varying by type of CHD,surgical approach,age stage,and the presence of different complications or comorbidities. In recent years,based on the intervention model of "early diagnosis and early treatment," foreign studies have begun to explore new techniques for preventive early intervention in high-risk children with neurodevelopmental disorders,achieving promising results. This paper reviews the clinical characteristics of neurodevelopmental disorders associated with CHD,aiming to provide a theoretical basis for implementing new preventive early intervention techniques for children with CHD,thereby further reducing the incidence of neurodevelopmental disorders associated with CHD.

Objective To evaluate the in vitro effect of combinations of 5 β-lactam antibiotics with different β-lac-tamase inhibitors on the activity of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MDR-TB),and identify the most effective combination of β-lactam antibiotics and β-lactamase inhibitors against MDR-TB.Methods MDR-TB strains collected in Henan Province Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Project in 2021 were selected.The mini-mum inhibitory concentrations(MIC)of 5 β-lactam antibiotics or combinations with different β-lactamase inhibitors on clinically isolated MDR-TB strains were measured by MIC detection method,and the blaC mutation of the strains was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and DNA sequencing.Results A total of 105 strains of MDR-TB were included in the analysis.MIC detection results showed that doripenem had the highest antibacterial activity against MDR-TB,with a MIC50 of 16 μg/mL.MIC values of most β-lactam antibiotics decreased significantly after combined with β-lactamase inhibitors.A total of 13.33％(n=14)strains had mutations in blaC gene,mainly 3 nu-cleotide substitution mutations,namely AGT333AGG,AAC638ACC and ATC786ATT.BlaC proteins Ser111 Arg and Asn213Thr enhanced the synergistic effect of clavulanic acid/sulbactam and meropenem on MDR-TB compared with synonymous single-nucleotide mutation.Conclusion The combination of doripenem and sulbactam has the strongest antibacterial activity against MDR-TB.Substitution mutations of BlaC protein Ser111 Arg and Asn213Thr enhances the sensitivity of MDR-TB to meropenem through the synergy with clavulanic acid/sulbactam.

Cystic echinococcosis(CE)is a severe parasitic zoonosis that poses a significant threat to human health.As one of the pathogens of CE,Echinococcus canadensis genotype G7 is an increasingly important cause of CE patients and endemic re-gions have been gradually expanding in recent years.Therefore,it is particularly important to clarify its influence in both hu-mans and livestock.This review is the first to summarize the epidemiology,biological characteristics,mitochondrial and ge-nomic molecular features,molecular genetic markers,and prevention and control strategies as a valuable reference for molecu-lar epidemiological investigations and preventative measures for control of E.canadensis G7 in China.

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics,molecular characteristics,treatment and prognosis of pediatric Philadelphia chromosome-like acute lymphoblastic leukemia(Ph-like ALL)with a therapeutic target.Methods:A total of 27 patients of Ph-like ALL with targeted drug target were initially diagnosed in Children's Hospital of Soochow University from December 2017 to June 2021.The data of age,gender,white blood cell(WBC)count at initial diagnosis,genetic characteristics,molecular biological changes,chemotherapy regimen,different targeted drugs were given,and minimal residual disease(MRD)on day 19,MRD on day 46,whether hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT)were retrospective analyed,and the clinical characteristics and treatment effect were summarized.Survival analysis was performed by Kaplan-Meier method.Results:The intensity of chemotherapy was adjusted according to the MRD level during induced remission therapy in 27 patients,10 patients were treated with targeted drugs during treatment,and 3 patients were bridged with HSCT,1 patient died and 2 patients survived.Among the 24 patients who did not receive HSCT,1 patient developed relapse,and achieved complete remission(CR)after treatment with chimeric antigen receptors T cells(CAR-T).The 3-year overall survival,3-year relapse-free survival and 3-year event-free survival rate of 27 patients were(95.5±4.4)％,(95.0±4.9)％and(90.7±6.3)％respectively.Conclusion:Risk stratification chemotherapy based on MRD monitoring can improve the prognosis of Ph-like ALL in children,combined with targeted drugs can achieve complete remission as soon as possible in children whose chemotherapy response is poor,and sequential CAR-T and HSCT can significantly improve the therapeutic effect of Ph-like ALL in children whose MRD is continuously positive during induced remission therapy.

Objective To understand the characteristics and developmental differences between cerebral organoids in vitro and normal cerebral cortices in vivo. Methods 1. Grouping: cerebral cortices in vivo group and cultured cerebral organoids in vitro group. 2. Sample collection: cortical tissues were collected from Kunming mouse embryos at embryonic day 7.5(E7.5), E9.5, E11.5, E14.5, and postnatal day 3 (P3) or P7. Three specimens were taken from each group. Meanwhile, cerebral organoids were cultured with mouse induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and samples at different culture time point were collected, and more than 3 samples were collected at each time point. 3. Detection method: the distribution of different types of cells in each group of specimens was analyzed by immunofluorescent staining. Results While relative similarities between in vivo cerebral cortical development and the cerebral organoids in vitro were observed, including the histogenesis, and the morphological differentiation of nerve cells and glial cells, the lamellar architecture of cerebral cortex in mouse brain was not observed in cerebral organoids. Conclusion The development of cerebral organoids in vitro has some similarity with body's cortical development. Therefore, cerebral organoids can be used to a substitution of cortex and diseases' models, but improvement of the existing technologies is necessary.

Objective To analyze the expression of targeting protein for xenopus kinesin-like protein 2(TPX2) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and its clinical prognostic significance. Methods First, the expression levels, survival prognosis and correlation of TPX2 in HCC were analyzed using UALCAN, K-PLOT and HPA databases. Secondly, the TIMER, GEPIA, and SangerBox databases were used to analyze the immune cell infiltration of TPX2, its correlation with TP53 mutation, and the mutation landscape map. Finally, the co-expressed genes of TPX2 in HCC and their prognostic value were analyzed by HCCDB database, and the co-expressed genes were analyzed by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) were analyzed by the HCCDB database. Results TPX2 was highly expressed in HCC and was not conducive to overall survival(OS), disease-specific survival(DSS), progression-free survival(PFS), and recurrence free survival(RFS) of HCC patients; and its presence in HCC was significantly correlated with tumor cell purity and multiple immune cells (B cells, CD4

Objective:To explore the eye movement characteristics of gaze following in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) guided by three cues: non-sociality (arrow), high level sociality (eye) and low level sociality (head turning).Methods:Total of 23 ASD children with a developmental age of 2-3 years old and 23 typical development (TD) children with a physiological age of 2-3 years old were included from April to October 2022. The children were guided to follow gaze with three types of cues, namely arrow, eye and head turning, and the eye tracking features were collected with the Tobbi Pro X3-120 eye tracker. SPSS 17.0 was used to analyze the data. A generalized linear model was used to analyze the differences of different score (DS), time to first fixation( TFF), first fixation duration(FFD) and total fixation duration (TFD) between the two groups.Results:(1) The interaction of DS between the groups and cue types was significant (χ 2=11.22, P<0.01), the main effect of groups was significant (χ 2=3.95, P<0.05), and the main effect of cue types was significant (χ 2=31.43, P<0.001). Further simple effect analysis showed that under eye contact conditions, the DS of the ASD group was lower than that of the TD group ( P<0.001). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups under arrow conditions and head turning conditions (both P>0.05). The DS of the ASD group under eye contact conditions was lower than those under arrow and head turning conditions (both P<0.05), and the DS under arrow conditions was lower than that under head turning conditions ( P<0.001). (2)The interaction of TFF between the groups and the cue type was not significant (χ 2=5.53, P>0.05), and the main effect of groups was not significant (χ 2=3.04, P>0.05). The main effect of cue type was not significant (χ 2=3.19, P>0.05). (3)The interaction of FFD between the groups and cue types was not significant (χ 2=0.29, P>0.05), and the main effect of groups was not significant (χ 2=0.66, P>0.05). The main effect of cue types was not significant (χ 2=3.93, P>0.05). (4)The interaction of TFD between the groups and cue types was not significant (χ 2=2.33, P>0.05). The main effect of groups was significant (χ 2=18.35, P<0.001), and the TFD of the ASD group (1.30 (0.91, 1.58)s) was lower than that of the TD group (1.59(1.31, 1.72)s). The main effect of cue types was significant (χ 2=32.22, P<0.001), and the TFD under arrow condition (1.18 (0.85, 1.40)s) was lower than that under eye contact condition (1.61 (1.29, 1.73)s) and head turning condition (1.62 (1.18, 1.74)s) ( P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in TFD under eye contact and head turning conditions (both P>0.05). Conclusion:Under the guidance of non-social and low-level social stimuli, children with ASD exhibit gaze following abilities comparable to TD children when communication development is age matched. Under the guidance of high-level social stimuli, children with ASD have poorer gaze following ability, manifested as lower accuracy in responding to cues. The level of social information in cues is an important factor affecting the gaze following ability of children with ASD.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the imaging effect of a near-infrared fluorescent targeted probe ICG-NP41 on the neurovascular bundles (NVB) around the prostate in rats. METHODS: A near-infrared fluorescent targeted probe ICG-NP41 was synthesized. An animal model for NVB imaging was established using Sprague-Dawley rats (250-400 g). Experiments were conducted using a custom-built near-infrared windowⅡ(NIR-Ⅱ) small animal in vivo imaging system, and images collected were processed using ImageJ and Origin. The fluorescence signal data were statistically analyzed using GraphPad Prism. The signal-to-background ratio (SBR) for NVB was quantitatively calculated to explore the effective dosage and imaging time points. Finally, paraffin pathology sections and HE staining were performed on the imaging structures. RESULTS: Except for rats in the control group (n=2), right-sided NVB of the rats injected with ICG-NP41 (n=2 per group) were all observed in NIR-Ⅱ fluorescence mode 2 h and 4 h after administration. At 2 h and 4 h, average SBR of cavernous nerve in 2 mg/kg group in fluorescence mode was 1.651±0.142 and 1.619±0.110, respectively, both higher than that in white light mode (1.111±0.036), with no significant difference (P>0.05); average SBR of 4 mg/kg group in fluorescence mode were 1.168±0.066 and 1.219±0.118, respectively, both higher than that in white light mode (1.081±0.040), with no significant difference (P>0.05). At 2 h and 4 h, the average SBR of 2 mg/kg and 4 mg/kg groups in fluorescence mode were higher than that of the control group (SBR=1), the average SBR of the 2 mg/kg group was higher than that of the 4 mg/kg group, and all the above with no significant difference (P>0.05). The average diameter of the nerve measured by full width at half maxima method was about (178±15) μm. HE staining of paraffin sections showed the right major pelvic ganglion. CONCLUSION The near-infrared fluorescent targeted probe ICG-NP41 can be used for real-time imaging of the NVB around the prostate in rats, providing a potential feasible solution for localizing NVB in real time during nerve-sparing radical prostatectomy.
Male ; Rats ; Animals ; Prostate/diagnostic imaging* ; Paraffin ; Indocyanine Green ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Fluorescent Dyes