ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of iridoid glycosides from Boschniakia rossica （IGBR） on epithelial-mesenchymal transition （EMT） of HepG2 hepatoma cells induced by transforming growth factor-beta 1 （TGF-β1）. MethodsHepG2 hepatoma cells were induced by 10 μg/L TGF-β1 to construct an EMT model of hepatoma cells. The cells were divided into control group （treated with serum-free DMEM）， model group （treated with 10 μg/L TGF-β1）， and IGBR group （treated with 10 μg/L TGF-β1 and 500 mg/L IGBR）， and all cells were cultured for 48 hours. Cell adhesion assay， wound healing assay， and Transwell chamber assay were used to observe the migration and invasion abilities of cells. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to measure the mRNA and protein expression levels of E-cadherin， N-cadherin， and vimentin in cells， and Western blot was used to measure the protein expression levels of Slug， Twist1， ZEB1， p-STAT3， and STAT3. A one-way analysis of variance was used for comparison of continuous data between multiple groups， and the least significant difference t-test was used for further comparison between two groups； the independent-samples t test was used for comparison between two groups. ResultsAfter TGF-β1 induction， HepG2 cells in the model group showed long spindle-shape changes， while those in the control group showed polygonal epithelia-like changes. Compared with the model group， the IGBR group had a significant reduction in cell adhesion rate and significant inhibition of cell migration and invasion abilities （all P<0.05）， as well as significant increases in the mRNA and protein expression levels of E-cadherin （P<0.05）， significant reductions in the mRNA and protein expression levels of N-cadherin and vimentin （all P<0.05）， and significant reductions in the protein expression levels of Slug， Twist1， ZEB1， and p-STAT3 （all P<0.05）. ConclusionIGBR can inhibit TGF-β1-induced EMT process in HepG2 cells， thereby attenuating cell adhesion， migration， and invasion abilities， and it can also upregulate E-cadherin， downregulate N-cadherin and vimentin， and upregulate the protein expression of Slug， Twist1， ZEB1， and STAT3， possibly by inhibiting the STAT3 pathway to downregulate the EMT transcription factors such as Slug， Twist1， and ZEB1.

The wide use of crystalline silicon solar cells in the field of new energy is an important boost for China to achieve the environmental protection goal as soon as possible. However, the production and manufacturing processes of these cells give rise to various occupational hazards at workplace, thus posing health risks to workers. This review provided an overview of production processes of crystalline silicon solar cells, the characteristics of occupational health hazards (productive dust; physical factors, productive toxicant) and proposed occupational protection suggestions.

Objective:To discuss the effect of Boschnikia rossica polysaccharides rapa polysaccharides(BRPS)on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced inflammatory responses in the THP-1 macrophages,and to clarify its mechanism.Methods:The THP-1 monocytes were differentiated into the macrophages,and the inflammation model was established using LPS to induce the THP-1 macrophages.CCK-8 method was used to detect the survial rates of the THP-1 macrophages after treated with different concentrations(0,100,200,500,1 000,and 2 000 μg·L-1)of LPS and different concentrations(0,12.5,25.0,50.0,100.0,and 200.0 mg·L-1)of BRPS to select the concentrations for the subsequent experiments.The THP-1 macrophages were divided into blank group,model group,low dose of BRPS group(25.0 mg·L-1 BRPS),medium dose of BRPS group(50.0 mg·L-1 BRPS),and high dose of BRPS group(100.0 mg·L-1 BRPS).P38 inhibitor SB203580,ERK inhibitor U0126,c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK)inhibitor SP600125,and nuclear factor of kappa B(NF-κB)inhibitor BAY11-7082 were used to verify the effects on THP-1 cells.The THP-1 cells were divided into control group,LPS group,inhibitor group,100.0 mg·L-1 BRPS group,and inhibitor+100.0 mg·L-1 BRPS group.ELISA method was used to detect the levels of tumor necrosis factor α(TNF-α),interleukin(IL)-6,and IL-1β in culture fluid of the THP-1 macrophages in various groups;DCFH-DA fluorescence probe method was used to detect the reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels in the THP-1 macrophages in various groups;Hoechst33342/PI fluorescence staining method was used to detect the membrane damage in the THP-1 macrophages in various groups;JC-1 fluorescence staining was used to observe mitochondrial membrane potential in the THP-1 macrophages in various groups;Western blotting method was used to detect the expression levels of cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2),high mobility group protein B1(HMGB1),NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain assciated protein 3(NLRP3),cysteinyl aspartate specific protease(Caspase)-1,gasdermin D(GSDMD)-N,IL-1β,mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK),and nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB)related proteins in the THP-1 macrophages in various groups.Results:The CCK-8 method results showed that when the LPS concentration was 100-2 000 μg·L-1,the survival rates of the THP-1 macrophages were over 90%.Compared with 0 μg·L-1 LPS group,the IL-6 levels in culture fluid of the THP-1 macrophages in 100,200,500,1 000,and 2 000 μg·L-1 LPS group were increased(P<0.05),indicating a significant enhancement of the inflammatory response in the macrophages,so 100 μg·L-1 LPS was used to construct the inflammation model.After treated with 12.5,25.0,50.0,100.0,and 200.0 mg·L-1 BRPS,the survival rates of the THP-1 macrophage were 91.2%,93.8%,91.4%,90.6%,and 91.8%,respectively,so 25.0,50.0,and 100.0 mg·L-1 BRPS were selected as the drug concentrations for low,medium,and high doses of BRPS groups in the subsequent experiments.The ELISA results showed that compared with blank group,the levels of IL-6,TNF-α,and IL-1β in culture fluid of the THP-1 macrophages in model group were increased(P<0.05);compared with model group,the levels of IL-6,TNF-α,and IL-1β in low,medium,and high doses of BRPS groups were decreased(P<0.05).The DCFH-DA fluorescence probe method results showed that compared with blank group,the ROS level in the THP-1 macrophages in model group was increased(P<0.05);compared with model group,the ROS levels in low,medium,and high doses of BRPS groups were decreased(P<0.05).The Hoechst33342/PI fluorescence staining results showed that compared with blank group,the degree of membrane damage in the THP-1 macrophages in model group was increased;compared with model group,the degrees of membrane damage in low,medium,and high doses of BRPS groups were decreased.The JC-1 fluorescence staining results showed that compared with blank group,the mitochondrial membrane potential in the THP-1 macrophages in model group was decreased significantly;compared with model group,the mitochondrial membrane potential in low,medium,and high doses of BRPS groups were increased gradually.The Western blotting results showed that compared with blank group,the expression levels of COX-2,HMGB1,NLRP3,Caspase 1,GSDMD-N,and IL-1β proteins and the ratios of p-P38/P38,p-ERK/ERK,p-JNK/JNK,and p-NF-κB/NF-κB in the THP-1 macrophages in model group were increased(P<0.05);compared with model group,the expression levels of HMGB1,NLRP3,Caspase-1,GSDMD-N,and IL-1β proteins and the ratios of p-P38/P38,p-ERK/ERK,p-JNK/JNK,and p-NF-κB/NF-κB in the THP-1 macrophages in medium and high doses of BRPS groups were decreased(P<0.05),the expression levels of NLRP3,Caspase-1,and IL-1β proteins in the cells in low dose of BRPS group were decreased(P<0.05),the expression level of COX-2 protein in the cells in high dose of BRPS group was decreased(P<0.05).Compared with control group,the ratios of p-P38/P38,p-ERK/ERK,p-JNK/JNK,and p-NF-κB/NF-κB,and the expression level of IL-1β protein in the THP-1 macrophages in LPS group were increased(P<0.05);compared with LPS group,the ratios of p-P38/P38,p-ERK/ERK,p-JNK/JNK,and p-NF-κB/NF-κB,and the expression level of IL-1β protein in the THP-1 macrophages in inhibitor group,100 mg·L-1 BRPS group,and inhibitor+100 mg·L-1 BRPS group were decreased(P<0.05);compared with inhibitor group,the ratios of p-P38/P38,p-ERK/ERK,p-JNK/JNK,and p-NF-κB/NF-κB in the THP-1 macrophages in inhibitor+100 mg·L-1 BRPS group were decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion:BRPS inhibits the inflammatory response of the THP-1 macrophages,which may be related to the MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways regulated by BRPS.

The wide use of crystalline silicon solar cells in the field of new energy is an important boost for China to achieve the environmental protection goal as soon as possible. However, the production and manufacturing processes of these cells give rise to various occupational hazards at workplace, thus posing health risks to workers. This review provided an overview of production processes of crystalline silicon solar cells, the characteristics of occupational health hazards (productive dust; physical factors, productive toxicant) and proposed occupational protection suggestions.

Ankylosing spondylitis(AS)is a typical spinal arthritis characterised by inflammatory back pain,which seriously affects the health and quality of life of patients.The clinical efficacy of Chinese medicine in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis is clear,but the mechanism is not clear,and the existing animal models cannot be well applied to the evaluation of Chinese medicine in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis.Therefore,this paper summarizes the existing animal models based on Chinese and Western medicine clinical diagnosis,disease characteristics,etiology and Chinese medicine evidence,and finds that among the existing animal models,the proteoglycan-induced arthritis mouse model has a higher Chinese and Western medicine clinical fit than the other models,but lacks the corresponding Chinese medicine evidence model evaluation.The other animal models had a higher Western clinical match,but lacked the characteristics of the Traditional Chinee Medicine(TCM)syndrome.As ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease with complex pathogenic factors,the existing animal models cannot better simulate the clinical symptoms.Therefore,the establishment of animal models of ankylosing spondylitis with the characteristics of Chinese and Western clinical evidence is a future research priority for AS TCM.

【Objective:】 To summarize the research status, problems and countermeasures of ethical issues related to volunteer action in public health emergencies by reviewing relevant literature. 【Methods:】 Using four keywords: public health emergencies, volunteers, ethics, and research, this paper searched the Chinese and English databases for the literature published from December 2006 to December 2021 (15 years in total) on "ethical research on volunteer action in public health emergencies". After searching, it was found that there were not many related papers. A total of 31 papers were retrieved, and only 23 papers were selected. 【Results:】 The ethical problems faced by volunteers in public health emergencies were complex and diverse, and the individual ethical behavior of volunteers was affected by many factors. The strategies to solve the relevant ethical issues were not yet perfect. 【Conclusions:】 The ethical issues related to volunteer actions in public health emergencies needed to be further studied.

Objective:To investigate the relationship between white blood cells, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio(NLR), platelet-lymphocyte ratio(PLR) and monocyte-lymphocyte ratio(MLR) with patients suffering from first episode depression.Methods:This retrospective study was conducted among inpatients of Hebei General Hospital from January 2021 to December 2021.Ultimately, 193 patients with first-episode depression were enrolled.According to the score of Hamilton depression scale-24 (HAMD-24), the patients were divided into mild-moderate depression group(20≤HAMD-24<35 score, n=98) and severe depression group (HAMD-24 score ≥35, n=95). White blood cells and the counts of each cell subtype were detected and the NLR, MLR and PLR were calculated.SPSS 25.0 statistical software was used to analyze the data.Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare differences in the two groups and Binary Logistic regression analyses were performed to recognize the predictive factors of the severity of first episode depression. Results:(1) The white blood cells and NLR in the severe depression group were significantly higher than those in the mild-moderate depression group (white blood cells: 5.77(2.05)×10 9/L vs 5.11(1.31)×10 9/L; NLR: 1.86 (1.04) vs 1.57(0.55), P<0.05). There were no significant differences in PLR and MLR between the two groups ( P>0.05). (2)Multiple regression analysis of NLR, white blood cells and HAMD-24 score showed that there were significant differences in the effect of different white blood cells and NLR levels on HAMD-24 score( B=1.398, P=0.003; B=2.624, P=0.001). (3)Binary Logistic regression revealed that white blood cell count and NLR were risk factors for the severity of depression patients( OR were 1.612 and 2.336, respectively, P<0.05). Conclusion:The results suggest that white blood cells and NLR may be relate with the severity of first episode depression.

Objective To investigate the effect of carrimycin on the biological function of pancreatic cancer cells. Methods Pancreatic cancer cell lines MIA PaCa-2, BxPC-3, Panc-1, and PATU 8988 were treated with carrimycin at concentrations of 0 (control group), 2, 4, 8, and 16 μmol/L for 24, 48, and 72 hours. MTT assay was used to measure cell viability; EdU cell proliferation assay was used to observe the effect of carrimycin on DNA replication of pancreatic cancer cells; colony formation assay was used to observe the effect of carrimycin on the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells; flow cytometry was used to analyze the effect of carrimycin on the cell cycle of pancreatic cancer cells; wound healing assay was used to analyze the effect of carrimycin on the migration of pancreatic cancer cells; Western blot was used to measure the expression levels of the markers such as epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cell cycle-dependent protein kinase inhibitor 1A (P21); immunofluorescence assay were used to measure the expression levels of EMT-related markers. An analysis of variance was used for comparison between multiple groups, and the least significant difference t -test was used for further comparison between two groups. Results Compared with the control group, carrimycin significantly inhibited the proliferative activity of MIA PaCa-2, BxPC-3, Panc-1, and PATU 8988 cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner (all P < 0.01); carrimycin at concentrations of 4, 8, and 16 μmol/L significantly reduced DNA replication in MIA PaCa-2 cells ( t =2.378, 4.984, and 18.970, all P < 0.05) and BxPC-3 cells ( t =4.879, 6.089, and 9.521, all P < 0.01); after treatment with carrimycin at concentrations of 4, 8, and 16 μmol/L, colony formation ability significantly decreased with the increase in drug concentration in MIA PaCa-2 cells ( t =5.889, 11.240, and 15.840, all P < 0.001) and BxPC-3 cells ( t =6.717, 15.800, and 18.850, all P < 0.001). After treatment with carrimycin at concentrations of 4, 8, and 16 μmol/L, there was a significant increase in the proportion of cells in G1 phase in MIA PaCa-2 cells ( t =9.071, 12.280, and 19.360, all P < 0.0001) and BxPC-3 cells ( t =3.061, 4.962, and 8.868, all P < 0.05), and there was a significant reduction in the proportion of cells in S phase in MIA PaCa-2 cells ( t =2.316, 4.165, and 5.562, all P < 0.05) and BxPC-3 cells ( t =2.424, 3.264, and 5.744, all P < 0.05). Western blot further demonstrated that compared with the control group, the expression level of the cell cycle-related protein P21 gradually increased with the increase in the concentration of carrimycin in MIA PaCa-2 cells ( t =5.437, 6.453, and 8.799, all P < 0.001) and BxPC-3 cells ( t =25.130, 44.750, and 52.960, all P < 0.000 1). Wound healing assay showed that after treatment for 12, 24, and 48 hours, carrimycin at concentrations of 0, 4, 8, and 16 μmol/L significantly reduced the lateral migration of MIA PaCa-2 cells (all P < 0.05) and BxPC-3 cells (all P < 0.05). Western blot showed that compared with the control group, carrimycin treatment at concentrations of 4, 8, and 16 μmol/L significantly upregulated the expression of the epithelial marker E-cadherin in MIA PaCa-2 cells ( t =2.388, 4.899, and 5.819, all P < 0.05) and BxPC-3 cells ( t =2.533, 5.836, and 6.774, all P < 0.05) and significantly downregulated the expression of the interstitial marker Snail in MIA PaCa-2 cells ( t =12.440, 14.830, and 16.800, all P < 0.000 1) and BxPC-3 cells ( t=5.039, 5.893, and 7.725, all P < 0.01), and it also significantly downregulated the expression of the interstitial marker Vimentin in MIA PaCa-2 cells ( t =3.105, 7.752, and 11.200, all P < 0.05) and BxPC-3 cells ( t =2.555, 4.883, and 9.153, all P < 0.05). Conclusion Carrimycin can effectively inhibit the proliferation, migration, and EMT process of pancreatic cancer cells, thereby exerting an antitumor biological activity.

OBJECTIVE：To analyze the effects of mangiferin （MGF）on glucose and lipid metabolism in insulin resistance （IR）HepG2 cells，and to explore the potential mechanism. METHODS ：Using human hepatoma HepG 2 cells as research objects ， 1 mmol/L palmitic acid and 2 mmol/L oleic acid were used to establish the IR-HepG 2 cell model. Using metformin hydrochloride as positive control ，the effects of low-concentration ，medium-concentration and high-concentration MGF （125，250，500 μmol/L）on the corrected glucose consumption ，the contents of triglyceride （TG）and total cholesterol （TC）in IR-HepG 2 cells were detected. The mRNA expression of APN ，AdipoR2，APPL1，AMPK in the upstream of AMPK signaling pathway and IRS- 1，Akt and GLUT4 in the downstream insulin signaling pathway were detected by RT-PCR. The phosphorylation level of AMPK protein was detected by Western blot assay. RESULTS ：Compared with control group ，corrected glucose consumption ，mRNA expression of APN，AdipoR2，APPL1，AMPK，IRS-1 and GLUT 4，as well as the phosphorylation level of AMPK protein were decreased significantly in model group ，while the contents of TG and TC were increased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. Compared with model group ， corrected glucose consumption ， mRNA expression of APN （except for MGF medium-concentration and high-concentration groups ），AdipoR2，APPL1，AMPK（except for MGF medium-concentration and high-concentration groups ）， IRS-1（except for MGF medium-concentration and high-concentration groups ），Akt（except for positive control group ），GLUT4 （except for MGF high-concentration group ）were increased significantly in administration groups ，while the contents of TG and TC were decreased significantly （P＜0.05 or P＜0.01）. CONCLUSIONS ：Mangiferin may activate APN ，which is the upstream target of pathway ，and then regulate AMPK signaling pathway ，so as to promote glucose uptake of IR-HepG 2 cells，reduce TG and TC contents，and improve IR and abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism.

Objective:To explore the effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome differentiation and nursing on quality of life and immune function of elderly patients with middle and advanced non-small cell lung cancer.Methods:A total of 95 elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer who were admitted to Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province from March to April 2019 were selected by convenience sampling. Among them, 46 patients admitted from March to September 2018 were selected as the control group and 49 patients admitted from October 2018 to April 2019 were selected as the observation group. Patients in the control group were given routine nursing, while patients in the observation group were given TCM syndrome differentiation and nursing on the basis of control group. The the MOS Item Short from Health Survey (SF-36) score, T lymphocyte subsets and nursing satisfaction of patients before and after intervention were compared between the two groups.Results:After the intervention, SF-36 scores of patients of the two groups were lower than those before the intervention ( P<0.05) , and the SF-36 scores of the observation group after the intervention were significantly higher than those of the control group, the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . After the intervention, levels of CD3 +, CD4 + and CD4 +/CD8 + in the two groups were lower than before the intervention ( P<0.05) , and the levels of CD3 +, CD4 + and CD4 +/CD8 + in the observation group after intervention were higher than those in the control group, the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05) . The nursing satisfaction of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group, the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.05) . Conclusions:TCM syndrome differentiation and nursing is helpful to protect the quality of life and immune function of elderly patients with middle and advanced non-small cell lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy and improve nursing satisfaction of patients, which is worthy of clinical promotion.