OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of multi-walled carbon nano-onions (MWCNOs) on platelet adhesion and experimental thrombosis in rats.

METHODSExperimental rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, solvent group, and MWCNO group, each including 6 ∼ 9 rats. An inverted fluorescence microscope and a flow chamber were used to observe the effects of 20 g/ml MWCNOs on platelet adhesion at shear rates of 500 s(-1) and 1000 s(-1); the experiment was repeated at least three times in each group. A rat model of carotid artery thrombosis was induced by 25% FeCl3, and the effects of 2 mg/kg MWCNOs on the blood flow and wet weight of thrombus per millimeter in the model were observed.

RESULTSWhen the shear rate was 500 s(-1), the MWCNO group showed a significantly smaller number of adhering platelets than the solvent group (58.3 ± 16.1 platelets/0.01 mm(2) vs 190.1 ± 36.0 platelets/0.01 mm(2)), but the inhibitory effect of MWCNOs on platelet adhesion disappeared as the shear rate increased to 1000 s(-1). The wet weights of thrombus per millimeter at 0 h after injection of a solvent or MWCNOs via the caudal vein were 0.83 ± 0.12 mg/mm in the solvent group and 0.97 ± 0.11 mg/mm in the MWCNO group, and the wet weights of thrombus per millimeter at 12 h after injection were 0.89 ± 0.12 mg/mm in the solvent group and 1.01 ± 0.15 mg/mm in the MWCNO group, exhibiting no significant differences between the two groups (P > 0.05). There were also no significant differences between the two groups in terms of blood flow at 0 h and 12 h after injection (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONMWCNOs have inhibitory effect on platelet adhesion in vitro, but the injection of MWCNOs via the caudal vein has no effects on the blood flow and wet weight of thrombus per millimeter in experimental thrombosis in rats.

Animals ; Blood Platelets ; drug effects ; Male ; Nanotubes, Carbon ; adverse effects ; Platelet Adhesiveness ; drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Thrombosis ; chemically induced ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo investigate whether multiple coatings can improve the bond durability of one-step self-etching adhesive to primary dentin.

METHODSTwelve caries-free human primary molars were randomly divided into 2 groups. In group 1, each tooth was hemisected into 2 halves. One half was assigned to the control subgroup 1, which was bonded with a commercially available one-step self-etching adhesive according to the manufacturer's instructions; the other half was assigned to experimental subgroup 1, in which the adhesive was applied three times before light curing. In group 2, one split half tooth was bonded with a commercially available one-step self-etching adhesive according to the manufacturer's instructions; for the other half, three layers of adhesive were applied with each successive layer of light curing. Specimens were stored in 0.9% NaCl containing 0.02% sodium azide at 37℃ for 18 months and then were subjected to microtensile bond strength test and the fracture mode analysis.

RESULTSWhen the adhesive was applied three times before light curing, the bond strength of the experimental subgroup 1 was significantly higher than that of the control subgroup 1 (47.46∓13.91 vs. 38.12∓11.21 MPa, P<0.05). When using the technique of applying multiple layers of adhesive with each successive layer of light curing, no difference was observed in bond strength between the control subgroup and the experimental subgroup (39.40±8.87 vs. 40.87±9.33 MPa, P>0.05).

CONCLUSIONMultiple coatings can improve the bond durability of one-step self-etching adhesive to primary dentin when using the technique of light-curing after applying 3 layers of adhesive.

Acid Etching, Dental ; methods ; Adhesiveness ; Child ; Coated Materials, Biocompatible ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Dental Cements ; chemical synthesis ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Dental Prosthesis ; Dental Restoration Failure ; Dentin ; chemistry ; drug effects ; Dentin-Bonding Agents ; pharmacology ; Electroplating ; methods ; Equipment Failure Analysis ; Humans ; Materials Testing ; Tensile Strength ; drug effects

Nano-TiO2 thin films were prepared by Radio frequency (RF) sputtering on pyrolytic carbon substrates. The influences of sputtering power on the structure and the surface morphology of TiO2 thin films were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), and by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that the TiO2 films change to anatase through the optimum of sputtering power. The mean diameter of nano-particle is about 30 nm. The anti-coagulant property of TiO2 thin films was observed through platelet adhesion in vitro. The result of experiment reveals the amount of thrombus on the TiO2 thin films being much less than that on the pyrolytic carbon. It also indicates that the RF sputtering Nano-sized TiO2 thin films will be a new kind of promising materials applied to artificial heart valve and endovascular stent.
Anticoagulants ; Biocompatible Materials ; chemistry ; Blood Platelets ; drug effects ; Humans ; Membranes, Artificial ; Metal Nanoparticles ; chemistry ; Platelet Adhesiveness ; drug effects ; Radio Waves ; Titanium ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; X-Ray Diffraction ; methods

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of Changtong oral liquid (CTOL) on the proliferation of cultured fibroblasts derived from normal peritoneum (NFs) and adhesive peritoneum (AFs) of rats.

METHODSTwenty male SD rats were randomized into 4 groups, including a normal serum group and 3 CTOL groups with CTOL treatment at low, medium or high doses. Serum samples were obtained from the abdominal arteries of the rats after oral treatment with CTOL for 7 days. The fibroblasts were isolated from the peritoneum by means of tissue culture, and the passage 3-8 cells were cultured with the sera of the normal control and CTOL groups for 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. MTT assay was used to observe the proliferation of the fibroblasts.

RESULTSThe dose of CTOL was inversely correlated to the absorbance but positively to the growth inhibition rates. Compared with the NFs cultured in normal control rat serum, the NFs in serum from CTOL groups showed no obviously changes in the absorbance at 24 and 48 h, but displayed significant reduction at 72 and 96 h (P<0.01). Compared with the AFs in normal rat serum, the AFs in the 3 CTOL groups all showed significantly decreased absorbance at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h (P<0.05). At the same time point, the inhibition rate of AFs in low-dose CTOL group showed no significant difference from that in the normal control group, but CTOL at a medium dose resulted in a significantly higher inhibition rate of AFs at 72 h (P<0.05). High-dose CTOL produced significant differences in the inhibition rates of AFs and NFs (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONCTOL can inhibit the proliferation of AFs and NFs in vitro. AFs appear to be more sensitive to CTOL, which has a dose-dependent inhibitory effect of AF proliferation.

Adhesiveness ; Administration, Oral ; Animals ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; drug effects ; Male ; Peritoneum ; cytology ; Rats

In-stent restenosis is the major problem in clinical application of coronary stent. Drug-eluting stent became a landmark in the treatment of coronary disease. However, thrombosis is still a problem of drug-eluting stent. There has been clinical report indicating that thrombosis sometimes is induced by drug-eluting stent implantation in late stage. Curcumin could be used for drug-eluting stent due to its antithrombogenity and antiproliferative properties. In this paper, three weight percent curcumin-loaded films (3wt%, 5wt%, 8wt%) were prepared using a biodegradable polymer (poly (lactic acid-co-glycol acid), PLGA) as the carrier of curcumin. The component of curcumin-loaded film was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the major peaks of curcumin and PLGA were both observed in the composite film. The result of in vitro platelet adhesion test shows that the number of adhered platelet reduces, and few aggregated and activated platelets are observed. For all composite films, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) increases. The results indicate that the curcumin-loaded films have better anticoagulative effect when compared with PLGA. In addition, all anticoagulation tests indicate "the higher the drug content in the film, the better the anticoagulative effect".
Coated Materials, Biocompatible ; pharmacology ; Coronary Restenosis ; prevention & control ; Curcumin ; pharmacology ; Drug-Eluting Stents ; Humans ; Lactic Acid ; pharmacology ; Platelet Adhesiveness ; drug effects ; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Polyglycolic Acid ; pharmacology ; Polymers

To improve the biocompatibility of metallic implants, bioactive nano-multilayer films consisting of polyethylenimine (PEI) and hyaluronan (HA) were prepared on biomedical 316L stainless steel surface via electrostatic self-assembly. Small angle X-ray diffraction curve revealed that multilayer films arranged regularly layer-by-layer. Atomic force micrcscopy (AFM) was applied to determine the surface topograph and roughness. The results showed that the coated surface became smoother with the increase of number of layers. Platelet adhesion experiment indicated that the nano-multilayer films significantly reduced the platelet adhesion on the surfaces and exhibited obviously improved haemocompatibility.
Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Coated Materials, Biocompatible ; chemistry ; Hyaluronic Acid ; chemistry ; Materials Testing ; Metal Nanoparticles ; chemistry ; Microscopy, Atomic Force ; Platelet Adhesiveness ; drug effects ; Polyethyleneimine ; chemistry ; Stainless Steel ; chemistry ; Stents ; X-Ray Diffraction

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to examine the effect Klorhex and Fittydent, which are used as cleaning agents on the adhesion of Candida on the surfaces of acrylic denture and palatal mucosa. In addition, ability of yeasts to adhere to acrylic strips was evaluated after applying these agents in vitro. MATERIALS and METHODS: Each group of 15 patients cleaned their dentures with either Klorhex or with Fittydent. The control group cleaned their dentures with water. RESULTS: It was found that 62.2% of the patients had colonies of Candida species on their palatal mucosa which was reduced to 51.1% after using these cleaning agents. The colonization rate with Candida spp on their dentures was reduces from 82.2% to 68.8% using these cleaning agents. The mean adhesion value of the Candida strains isolated from the acrylic strips were found to be 75cell/strip prior to applying the Klorhex and Fittydent and 37.5cell/strip and 15cell/strip after applying these agents, respectively. CONCLUSION: These results showed that Klorhex and Fittydent have a certain preventive effect on the colonization rate of Candida spp on the surface of these dentures, the palatal mucosa, as well as on the acrylic strips in vitro.
*Acrylates ; Adhesiveness/drug effects ; Antifungal Agents/*pharmacology ; Candida/*cytology/*drug effects ; Cell Adhesion/drug effects ; Denture Cleansers/*pharmacology ; *Dentures ; Mouth Mucosa/drug effects/microbiology ; Polyvinyls/pharmacology

To identify the advantages of modification treated poly (D, L-lactic and glycolic acid) with poly (ethylene glycol) (PLGA/mPEG, PELGA) block copolymer, blood compatibility was evaluated in vitro. Three different proportional block copolymers (LA/GA80: 20, 70: 30, 50: 50) with 15% mPEG were synthesized. According to the international standard organization (ISO10993) and National Standards of P. R. China GB/T 16886, siliconized glass tube was used as a negative control sample, while non-siliconized glass tube as a positive one. Blood compatibility of PELGA was evaluated by hemolytic ratio analysis, platelet adhesion investigation, dynamic clotting time, plasma recalcification time (PRT) measurements, plasma prothrombin time (PT) and clotting time (CT) test. The results revealed that blood compatibility of the synthesized materials was good. Nanoparticles made by this kind of materials might be promising for intravenous use.
Biocompatible Materials ; chemistry ; Drug Carriers ; chemistry ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Lactic Acid ; chemistry ; Materials Testing ; Platelet Adhesiveness ; drug effects ; Polyethylene Glycols ; chemistry ; Polyglycolic Acid ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the hemocompatibility of glutaraldehyde (GA)-tanned bovine pericardium additionally treated by sodium bisulfite (SOB) solution.

METHODSThe hemocompatibility of GA-tanned bovine pericardium treated by SOB solution is evaluated by using dynamic clotting time test, blood platelet adhension test, D-dimeride determination, and complement activation test. The GA-tanned bovine pericardium was used as control.

RESULTSThe curve of absorbance-clotting time of two kinds of bovine pericardium was similar in dynamic clotting time test. There was no significant difference between SOB-treated and control groups in blood platelet adhension test. The D-dimeride contents of all bioprostheses were at normal level, and the D-dimeride content of GA-tanned bovine pericardium treated by SOB solution was significantly lower than that of control group (P < 0.05). In complement activation test, the level of complement C3a in SOB-treated group was significantly lower than that in control group (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONGA-tanned bovine pericardium treated by SOB solution meets the demands of cardiac interstitial implanted materials in hemocompatibility.

Animals ; Biocompatible Materials ; Bioprosthesis ; Blood Coagulation ; Cattle ; Complement C3a ; analysis ; Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products ; metabolism ; Glutaral ; pharmacology ; Materials Testing ; Pericardium ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Platelet Adhesiveness ; Sulfites ; pharmacology

These active components and monomes inhibit thrombosis aimed directly at activation, adhesiveness and aggregation of platelet, thus preventing and curing ischemic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Here we summarized the effect of active components and monomes of the traditional Chinese medicine targeted platelet on ischemic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, to provide references for drug investigation and clinical application.
Alkaloids ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Flavones ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Platelet Activation ; drug effects ; Platelet Adhesiveness ; drug effects ; Platelet Aggregation ; drug effects ; Terpenes ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology