Objective To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of single and bilateral lung transplantation in the treatment of end-stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods Chinese and English databases were searched by computer, including PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, EMbase, CNKI, Wanfang database, VIP database and CBM. Case-control studies on single lung transplantation or bilateral lung transplantation for COPD were collected from the inception to July 31, 2022. We evaluated the quality of the literature via Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). All results were analyzed using Review Manager V5.3 and STATA 17.0. Results A total of 8 studies were included covering 14076 patients, including 8326 patients in the single lung transplantation group and 5750 patients in the bilateral lung transplantation group. NOS scores were≥6 points. The results of meta-analysis showed that there was no statistical difference in the postoperative 1-year survival between the two groups (P=0.070). The 2-year survival rate (P=0.002), 3-year survival rate (P<0.001), 5-year survival rate (P<0.001), overall survival rate (P＜0.001), postoperative forced expiratory volume in one second/predicted value (P<0.001), postoperative forced vital capacity (P<0.001), and postoperative 6-minute walking distance (P=0.002) were lower or shorter than those in the bilateral lung transplantation group, the postoperative intubation time (P=0.030) was longer than that in the bilateral lung transplantation group. Bilateral lung transplantation group showed better surgical results. There was no statistical difference in the mortality, obliterative bronchiolitis, length of hospitalization, primary graft dysfunction, or postoperative adverse events (P>0.05). Conclusion Bilateral lung transplantation is associated with better long-term survival and postoperative lung function compared with single lung transplantation. In-hospital mortality and postoperative complications are similar between them.

Objective:To study and verify the molecular mechanism of Duzhong Pills for osteoporosis (OP) by means of network pharmacology and molecular docking.Methods:The main chemical components of Duzhong Pills were mined by TCMSP database and the related targets were predicted. The potential targets of osteoporosis in GeneCards, DisGeNET and OMIM databases were searched and the common targets of both were obtained. The STRING platform was used for protein interaction analysis and PPI network diagram was made. The common targets were imported into the David database for enrichment analysis of GO and KEGG pathways, and molecular docking of the main components and core targets was performed. Eighteen Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control group, model group and Duzhong Pills group according to random number table method, with 6 rats in each group. Ovariectomy was used to make osteoporosis model in model group and Duzhong Pills group. Duzhong Pills group was intragaxed with Duzhong Pills extract of 5 g/kg, and control group and model group were intragaxed with normal saline of the same volume, once a day for 8 weeks. Serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β were detected by ELISA, and femur PI3K and Akt were detected by Western blot.Results:34 active components were obtained from Duzhong Pills, corresponding to 243 targets, and 1 059 targets for osteoporosis. The core targets included TNF-α, IL-6, AKT1, TP53, IL-1β and others regulated osteoporosis through PI3K-Akt and TNF pathway. The experimental results indicated that compared with model group, the levels of serum TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in Duzhong Pills group decreased ( P<0.05), and the expressions of PI3K and Akt in femur decreased ( P<0.05). Conclusion:Through β-sitosterol, quercetin, kaempferol and other active components, Duzhong Pills can act on TNF, IL-6, AKT1, TP53, IL-1β and other targets, regulating PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway and other signaling pathways to play a role in the treatment of osteoporosis.

Aim To assess the regulatory effects of Po-lygonatum sibiricum polysaccharides(PSP)on Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4 )-myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88)-nuclear factor κB(NF-κB)signaling path-way in anoxia /reoxygenation-H9c2 myocardial cells. Methods The H9c2 myocardial cells cultured in vitro were randomly divided into groups:control group (C group),hypoxia /reoxygenation group (H/R group), PSP group,TLR4 inhibitor group(TAK-242 group)and PSP +TLR4 inhibitor group(PSP +TAK-242 group). The cells were cultured in normal condition for 27 h in C group.The cells were subjected to 21 h hypoxia fol-lowed by 6 h reoxygenation in H/R.Definitely,the cells in TAK-242,PSP and PSP +TAK-242 groups were treated with PSP and TAK-242 with the final con-centration of 1 .5 g·L -1 and 1 μmol·L -1 for 1 2 h before 21 h hypoxia,then the cells were exposed to the normal culture condition for another 6 h.After the treatment,cell survival rate was tested by MTT method. The contents of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)and interleukin-1 β(IL-1 β)were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).The protein ex-pression levels of NF-κB and inhibitor κBα(IκBα) were detected by Western blot,and the expression lev-els of TLR4 and MyD88 mRNA were detected by fluo-rescence quantitative PCR method.Results Compared with H/R group,the cell survival rates were significant-ly increased,while the inflammatory cytokines contents and NF-κB protein expression were dramatically de-creased in groups PSP,TAK-242 and PSP +TAK-242, whereas the NF-κB expression was significantly down-regulated,and the IκBα protein expression was in-creased.The mRNA expression levels of TLR4 and MyD88 were markedly decreased.Conclusion PSP might protect H9c2 myocardial cells against H/R inju-ry,which may be associated with the inhibition of TLR4-MyD88-NF-κB pathway.

Objective To investigate the lipid hepatoprotective effect of silibinin on high fat diet-induced nonalcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) rat model and provide a theoretical basis for the treatment of silibinin on NAFL.Methods The NAFL rat model was established by administration of high fat emulsion and high fat diet.Rats in control group was treated with saline and normal diet.The model rats were randomly divided into model group,simvastatin (positive drug,1.8 mg/kg) group,Silibinin groups with low,middle and high doses (18.9,37.8 and 75.6 mg/kg).From the fifth week,NAFLrats were treated with different drugsonce a day for eight weeks.All rats were anaesthetized after final administration,Livertissues were weighed for the calculation of hepatic coefficient The hepatic morphology was observed through HE staining.Serum was obtained from abdominal aortic blood for detection of triglyceride separation (TG),total cholesterol (TC),high density lipoprotein (HDL),low-density lipoprotein (LDL),aspartate aminotransferase (AST),and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels.Results After eight-week treatment,compared with model group,middle and high doses of silibinin could significantly improve the hepatic steatosis.The levels of hepatic coefficient,serum TC,TG,AST and ALT in rats treated with individual dose of Silibinin were significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.05,0.01).Particularly,high dose of silibinin significantly reduced LDL level whereas elevated HDL level in serum (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Silibinin has a therapeutic effect on nonalcoholic fatty liver rats,and possible mechanism is related to lipid-lowering and hepatic protection.

Experimentalanimalsareimportantbasisforlifescienceresearchanddevelopment.Alongwiththe continuous development of science and technology , new technology and new ideas emerging , treatment and protection of animals during experiments are important condition to ensure the scientific results accurate and reliable , so scientists have paid more attention to the issues of animal welfare and protection .This article summarizes the animal treatment and protection measures during experiments based on both own work and experience and knowledge of other scientists .

ObjectiveToexplorethestabilityofratmodelsofsubduralhematomapreparedbysubduralinjection of different volumes of autologous blood .Methods The rats were randomly divided into sham group (36), 300μL blood group, 500 μL blood group, and 700 μL blood group (each group 60 rats).The rats of model groups received subdural injection of 300 μL, 500 μL, or 700 μL autologous blood, respectively.At the postoperative 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th, 10th, 14th days, blood samples were taken from the abnormal aorta , and the brains were taken out for gross examination and taking photographs , six rats were used for each time .Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ) was performed to determine the content of serum NSE and S100B proteins in the rats in each group.Results Compared with the sham operation group, the serum NSE in the 300μL group was significantly increased at the 2nd and 4th days (P<0.01), and then gradually reduced at the 6th and 8th days (P<0.05), indicating that the hematoma began to disappear , and at the 10th and 14th days returned to a similar level of the sham operation group (P>0.05).In the 500 μL and 700 μL blood groups, the NSE contents at 2nd, 6th, 8th, 10th and 14th days were significantly increased ( P <0.01 ), but not significantly increased at the 4th day ( P >0.05 ).The content of S100B protein in the 300 μL blood group was significantly higher at the fourth day (P<0.01), lower at the 2nd and 6th days (P<0.05), and at 8th, 10th and 14th days was similar to that in the sham operation group ( P >0.05 for all ) , indicating that the hematoma disappeared gradually, and the damages repaired .The S100B protein content of the 500 μL and 700 μL blood groups was constantly kept at a higher level ( P<0.05 ) .Conclusions Compared with the 300 μL ad 700 μL blood groups , the rat model of subdural hematoma developed by subdural injection of 500 μL autologous blood is the best , and can be used for studies of rat subdural hematoma .

Ferulic acid, an useful compound of Chinese traditional medicine, was used as leading compound. Six ferulic acid derivatives were designed and synthesized based on bioisosterism. Their structures were characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectra. In vivo experiment showed that ferulic acid derivatives had good inhibitory effects on adenosine diphosphate (ADP) induced platelet aggregation, which were significantly higher than that of Ozagrel.

Objective To investigate the preventive and therapeutic effects of Shenlixin Granules on chronic renal failure rats.Methods The chronic renal failure rat models were caused by adenine.After the treatment of Shenlixin Granules,the body weight,urine volume and renal index of models were examined.Results Shenlixin Granules could obviously inhibit the decrease of body weight and urine volume,reduce the renal index and had obvious protective effect on the renal tissue.Conclusions Shenlixin Granules has a preventive and therapeutic effect on chronic renal failure.

AIM: To observe the effects of sapindoside on blood pressure,AngⅡ,Ald,ET in the blood plasma and NO in the serum in primary hypertension rat. METHODS: The primary hypertension rats were divided into 5 groups(high,middle and low sapindoside group,control group and captopril group,10 each) in a random fashion and drugs had been given by ig.for 32 days.The blood pressure was messured in the 1,3,7,32 day after administration.At the end of the 32 nd days,AngⅡ,Ald,ET in the blood plasma and NO in the serum were measured. RESULTS: Sapindoside could significantly lower the blood pressure,increase the levels of NO in serum,reduce the concentration of AngⅡ,Ald,ET in the blood plasma. CONCLUSION: Sapindoside plays an important role in decreasing the blood pressure of primary hypertension rat.

Objective: To investigate the anti asthmatic effects and its mechanism of Yumian Anti asthma Formula (DYA) on asthmatic guinea pigs. Methods: Observe the change of the latent period of asthma inducing of normal guinea pigs and that of them after DYA preventing. Determine the plasma cAMP and cGMP contents. Results: The latent period of asthma inducing was obviously prolonged in guinea pigs prevented by DYA when compared with that of normal guinea pigs and guinea pigs before given DYA ( P