Objective To analyze the chemical components of Xiaoshi Lidan pills by using UPLC-MS/MS and explore the mechanism of Xiaoshi Lidan pills in the treatment of cholelithiasis through network pharmacology and molecular docking techniques.Methods The pharmacologically active components of Xiaoshi Lidan pills were analyzed through UPLC-MS/MS and compared with standard references.Potential targets of these components were obtained by searching the TCMSP and ETCM databases,and disease-related targets for cholelithiasis were identified using the DisGeNET database.The overlapping targets were used to construct a protein-protein interaction(PPI)network in the String database,and a"drug-component-target"network was built using Cytoscape 3.9.1.GO and KEGG enrichment analyses were performed for the core targets.Finally,the top 5 compounds with strong activity were selected as ligands for molecular docking with the screened disease target genes.The anti-inflammatory activity was verified by RAW264.7 cells,and the mRNA expression of TNF-a and other inflammatory factors was detected by RT-PCR.Results UPLC-MS/MS identified 30 compounds in Xiaoshi Lidan pills,among which baicalin,quercetin,wogonin,baicalein-7-O-glucuronide,and emodin were identified as key components of Xiaoshi Lidan pills.Network pharmacology identified 107 targets associated with cholelithiasis,with Alb,TP53,ESR1,TNF,and INS identified as core targets.GO analysis indicated the involvement in inflammation response and steroid binding,while KEGG pathways were primarily related to lipid metabolism,atherosclerosis,and the TNF signaling pathway.Molecular docking analysis and anti-inflammatory screening in vitro showed that Xiaoshi Lidan pills exhibited certain anti-inflammatory activity by regulating inflammatory factors such as TNF and inhibiting NO production through baicalein,quercetin,emodin and other components.Conclusion Xiaoshi Lidan pills exerts its therapeutic effect on cholelithiasis by regulating TNF-related pathways through components such as baicalin,thereby inhibiting the inflammatory response.

Objective To conduct basic research on the structure and function of the heart in cynomolgus monkeys older than 10 years to provide data for animal selection in elderly disease research.Methods A total of 144 cynomolgus monkeys＞10 years old were selected as research subjects,including 37 females and 66 males in the 10～15 years group,and 21 females and 20 males in the 16～20 years group.Basic data on cardiac structure and function in middle-aged and elderly cynomolgus monkeys were obtained through comparative analysis of general indicators(body mass index,blood pressure,and heart rate),blood biochemical indicators(blood glucose,blood lipids,and ion indicators),and cardiac structure and function indicators.Results General indicators for the 10～15 years and 16～20 years groups were compared.As age increased,the blood pressure and heart rate of female and male monkeys increased,and there was a significant difference in blood pressure changes between male monkeys.A comparison of two sets of blood biochemical indicators showed that,as age increased,blood glucose,triglycerides,total cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,blood calcium,blood sodium,and blood potassium increased,while lactate dehydrogenase decreased,in female and male monkeys.Among these,blood glucose,triglycerides(males),total cholesterol,high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(males),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(males),blood calcium,blood sodium,blood potassium,and lactate dehydrogenase showed significant changes.A comparison of cardiac contractile function between the two groups showed that,as age increased,the anterior and posterior diameters of the left atrium significantly decreased in both female and male monkeys.Female monkeys showed a significant decrease in the interventricular septal end systolic diameter,left ventricular end diastole and systolic diameters,left ventricular end diastolic and systolic volumes,and left ventricular mass index,while no significant changes were seen in male monkeys.A comparison of diastolic function between the two groups showed that,as age increased,the late diastolic velocity of the mitral valve decreased significantly in male monkeys,while the early diastolic velocity of the left ventricular sidewall increased significantly in female monkeys.Correlation analysis was conducted between the metabolic indicators and the cardiac structure and function indicators of female and male monkeys.The correlations between metabolic indicators and cardiac structure and function indicators were weak in female monkeys,for which the maximum absolute Γ value did not exceed 0.39.However,the correlations between metabolic indicators and cardiac structure and function indicators were relatively strong in male monkeys,for which the maximum absolute Γ value reached 0.66.Conclusions Based on ultrasound analysis combined with metabolic indicators,the heart function of cynomolgus monkeys was studied,and basic data related to the structure and function of the heart in middle-aged and elderly cynomolgus monkeys were obtained.As age increased,blood glucose and lipid indicators increased in cynomolgus monkeys,while cardiac systolic and diastolic functions show a downward trend,similar to changes in middle-aged and older adult human populations.These data provide support for animal selection in research on age-related diseases related to heart function.

Objective:To identify the pathogenic gene mutations in a Chinese achromatopsia family.Methods:A pedigree investigation was performed.A Chinese Han pedigree from Luoyang city of China was enrolled in Henan Eye Hospital in November 2018.The medical history of the patients was collected.The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of the families was examined.The maniafestations of the anterior segment and fundus were obtained via slit lamp biomicroscope and slit lamp lens.The diopter was determined by objective and subjective refraction.Color vision was examined by Farnsworth-Munsell Hue Test.Retinal function was evaluated by international standard electroretinogram (ERG). Retina was observed by color photography, and its structural image was obtained by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). The peripheral blood sample was collected from the proband (Ⅲ1) and her younger brother (Ⅲ2) and parents for whole blood DNA extraction, and a whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed to identify the pathogenic genes and mutation sites, and the sequencing data was compared through disease-related databases such as the Human Genome Databases due to a negative detective result of specific hereditary eye disease enrichment panel based on targeted exome capture technology.Sanger sequencing and bioinformatics analysis was carried out with softwares.The cosegregation analysis was performed.This study protocol was approved by an Ethics Committee of Henan Eye Hospital (No.HNEECKY-2019[15]) and complied with Declaration of Helsinki.Written informed consent was obtained from each subject or the guardian before any medical examination.Results:This family included 2 patients and 8 members with normal phenotypes in 3 generations and showed an autosomal recessive inheritance model.Poor vision and photophobia appeared after birth in both Ⅲ1 and Ⅲ2, and these symptoms did not deteriorate with aging.Pigmentary mottling and atrophic changes could be seen in the retinas of the patients.Reflection bands of external membrane and ellipsoid line in macula of patients were irregular on the OCT image.Color vision examination showed achromatopsia of the patients.ERG indicated that the amplitudes of a-, b-waves of scotopic 0.01, 3.0, 10.0 ERG and oscillatory potentials were slightly reduced, and the amplitudes of a-, b-waves of photopic ERG and wavelets of 30 Hz were seriously reduced in both eyes of Ⅲ1 and Ⅲ2.WGS showed that heterozygous mutations of a novel mutation c. 129+ 1G>A and a known mutation c. 1285dupT of CNGB3 gene in Ⅲ1 and Ⅲ2.The mutations were confirmed by Sanger sequencing.Conclusions:The compound heterozygous mutation in c. 129+ 1G>A/c.1285dupT of CNGB3 gene may be responsible for the achromatopsia pathogenesis in this Chinese Han pedigree.The abnormal phenotype of the patients is the result of both CNGB3 c. 129+ 1G>A and CNGB3 c. 1285dupT mutations simultaneously.

Clostridioides difficile is a key pathogen of antibiotic related diarrhea and hospital associated infection, causing several outbreaks in Europe and North Americans and resulting in severe disease burden. However, the standardized diagnostic principle and detection specifications in C. difficile infection (CDI) survey are limited in China, and the infection rate and disease burden of CDI in China are unclear. Therefore, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention,National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, together with another 11 institutions, draft the group standard entitled "Diagnosis of Clostridium difficile infection (T/CPMA 008-2020)" of Chinese Preventive Medicine Association. Based on the principle of "legality, scientificity, advancement, and feasibility", this standard clarifies risk factors, diagnosis principles, diagnoses and differential diagnoses in order to improve the accuracy of CDI diagnosis in clinical practice, guide the surveillance for CDI, and understand the infection rate and disease burden of CDI in China .

Objective:To identify the pathogenic gene mutations in a family with Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA).Methods:In October 2018, 1 patient and 3 normal family members from a LCA family was enrolled in this retrospective study. Detailed medical history of proband was obtained and fixation test, cycloplegic refraction, slit-lamp, fundus color photography and full-field ERG were performed. And other family members underwent BCVA, refraction slit-lamp, fundus biomicroscopy with the slit lamp, fundus color photography and full-field ERG. The family was investigated with a specific hereditary eye disease enrichment panel which contained 441 known pathogenic genes and based on targeted exome capture technology first to indentify the potential pathogenic genes and mutations. Then the potential pathogenic mutations were conformed by Sanger sequencing. Finally, the results were analyzed via bioinformatics analysis.Results:The proband showed no trace object from childhood, but had obvious photophobia and nystagmus. No positive changes were found in the anterior segment, vitreous and retina in both eyes. Both cone and rod system function decreased significantly in full-field ERG in both eyes. Gene tests showed the proband carried both RPGRIP1 c.1635dupA and c.3565C> T, which composited a heterozygous mutation. Bioinformatics analysis showed RPGRIP1 c.1635dupA was a pathogenic mutation, and RPGRIP1 c.3565C> T which was a novel potential pathogenic mutation in LCA.Conclusion:The compound heterozygous mutation, c.1635dupA and c.3565C> T in RPGRIP1 may be responsible for the pathogenesis in this Chinese Han LCA pedigree.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (APBSCT) in treatment of patients with decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis.Methods Sixty two patients with decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis admitted in Ningbo Second Hospital during January 2010 and December 2013 were enrolled in the study.Patients were randomly assigned in two groups: 50 patients in control group received comprehensive medical treatment only, and 12 patients in combination group received APBSCT on the basis of medical treatment.The levels of serum total bilirubin (TBil), albumin (Alb), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and prothrombin time (PT) in two groups were mearsured at the 4th,12th,24th week.Overall survival (OS),progression-free survival (PFS) and complications were compared between two groups after 3 years follow-up.SPSS17.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results After APBSCT treatment, the level of Alb and PT at week 4,12 and 24 in combination group improved significantly(tAlb=-4.437,-5.210 and-6.915,tPT=12.083,11.251 and 10.640,all P<0.01),there were also significant differences between combination group and control group (tAlb=4.985, 5.565 and 6.260,tPT =-3.013、-3.727 and-3.983,all P<0.01).The 3-year OS and 3-year PFS of patients in combination group were higher than those of control group [(90.9±8.7)%vs.(60.7±7.4)%, (75.8±12.5)% vs.(47.9±7.3)%](χ2=6.887 and 5.565,P<0.05).Besides,APBSCT had more advantages than control group in reducing ascitic fluid and hepatic encephalopathy(χ2=7.992 and 4.681,P<0.05 or <0.01).Conclusion APBSCT combined with medical treatment can improve liver function and 3-year survival rate with mild adverse reaction in patients with decompensated hepatitis B cirrhosis.

Objective:To establish the HPLC fingerprint of Cassia leschenaultiana from different regions. Methods: The column was SinoChrom ODS-BP (250 mm × 4. 6 mm, 5 μm). The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-0. 1% phosphoric acid with gradient elution. The flow rate was 1. 0 ml·min-1 , the detection wavelength was 285 nm, the column temperature was 25℃, and the injection volume was 10 μl. Results: The fingerprint consisted of 13 common peaks. The range of similarity for ten batches of Cassia le-schenaultiana was 0. 839-0. 998. And the reference fingerprint of Cassia leschenaultiana was established by HPLC. Conclusion: The fingerprint method is simple and reproducible, which can provide basis for the quality control and the medicinal resources exploration.

Objective:To study the chemical constituents in the seed of Cassia leschenaultiana.Methods: The compounds were separated and purified by column chromatography , thin-layer chromatography and recrystallization .The structures were identified by the physicoche mical identification and spectral analysis .Results:Seven compounds were isolated from the seeds of Cassia leschenaultiana and identified as 1-desmethylchryso-obtusin (Ⅰ) , aurantio-obtusin (Ⅱ) , ale-emodin (Ⅲ) , obtusin (Ⅳ) , chryso-obtusin (Ⅴ) , ob-tusifoline(Ⅵ)and aurantio-obtusin(Ⅶ).Conclusion:All of the compounds are isolated from the seeds of Cassia leschenaultiana for the first time.

OBJECTIVE: To improve diagnosis and treatment level of foreign body ingestion of button cell in children. METHOD: Among the 14 cases with foreign bodies ingestion of button cell, 6 cases in esophageal, 7 cases in stomach and lower gastrointestinal tract, 1 case with multiple foreign bodies both in esophagus and stomach. Seven cases in stomach and lower gastrointestinal tract were closely observed without special treatment, 6 cases in esophageal, underwent esophagoscopy and removal of foreign body under general anesthesia, 1 case with multiple foreign bodies in esophagus and stomach underwent esophagoscopy and electronic gastroscopy and then removal of foreign body. All patients had symptomatic treatments after removal of foreign body. The average age is 2 years and 1 month. RESULT: After the removal of button cell, Foreign bodies in stomach and lower gastrointestinal tract in 7 cases were all discharged spontaneously. For the 6 cases in esophagus, 4 cases were cured, 1 case had esophageal stricture, 1 cased died. 1 case with multiple foreign bodies in both esophagus and stomach was cured. CONCLUSION Esophageal foreign body has strong corrosiveness and would cause serious damages even to threaten children's life. It also may lead to esophageal stricture. The key point to cure this disease is to diagnose timely and to operate as soon as possible. Because neutralize of digestive juices and low probability of incarceration, with close observation, the foreign bodies of stomach and lower gastrointestinal tract can discharge spontaneously.
Child, Preschool ; Esophagus ; Female ; Foreign Bodies ; etiology ; Humans ; Infant ; Male ; Stomach

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical value that surgical treatment with comprehensive treatment in treating early stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma. METHOD: Based on the case selection criteria, patients with early nasopharyngeal carcinoma were divided into surgery group and the conventional group according to patients' wishes. Surgery group were treated with surgery plus Radiochemotherapy as a comprehensive treatment while conventional group were treated with Radiochemotherapy. Outcome indices: (1) 5-year survival rate and 5-year disease-free survival rate; (2) Radiation dose to the nasopharynx; (3) Incidence of xerostomia. RESULT: (1) The overall 5-year follow-up rate was 97.12%; 1 patient was lost to follow-up in surgical group, the 5-year follow-up rate was 96.77%; 2 patients were lost in conventional Group with 5-year rate of 97.26%. (2) The 5-year survival rate of 104 patients was 83.65% (87/104). (3) The 5-year survival rate and 5-year tumor-free survival rate were 96.77% (30/31) and 93.55% (29/31) in surgical group, 78.08% (57/73) and 73.97% (54/73) in conventional group. There were significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.05). (4) The radiation dose to the nasopharynx in surgery group and conventional group were (63.90 +/- 5.56) Gy and (71.48 +/- 4.18)Gy, respectively; the dose in surgical group was significantly less than the conventional group, there were statistical significance between the two groups. (5) The incidence of xerostomia was significantly less in surgical group (22.58%) than conventional group (65.75%), the difference was statistically significant. CONCLUSION The surgery combined with concurrent chemoradiotherapy is a effective comprehensive therapeutic interchange program for early stage nasopharyngeal carcinoma. These program can increase the long-term survival rate, but also reduce the radiation dose to the nasopharynx and the occurrence of radiation complications. A further aspect is worth consideration.
Aged ; Carcinoma ; Chemoradiotherapy ; Combined Modality Therapy ; methods ; Disease-Free Survival ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms ; mortality ; pathology ; surgery ; therapy ; Nasopharynx ; radiation effects ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prospective Studies ; Radiotherapy Dosage ; Survival Rate ; Xerostomia ; epidemiology ; etiology