Recent studies found that the intestinal flora is involved in the occurrence and development of CRC.In particular,Ruminococcus shows a decreased abundance in patients with CRC and can affect gastrointestinal health through cross-feeding and promoting butyrate production.Although the research on Ruminococcus is gradually increasing,no unified understanding of its influence on the occurrence and development of CRC has been established.This work summarizes the relationship of Ruminococcus with CRC and its possible anticancer mechanism to provide a theoretical basis for the further exploration of biological prevention and treatment of CRC in the future.

Acute respiratory failure due to acute hypoxemia is the major manifestation in severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Rational and effective respiratory support is crucial in the management of COVID-19 patients. High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) has been utilized widely due to its superiority over other non-invasive respiratory support techniques. To avoid HFNC failure and intubation delay, the key issues are proper patients, timely application and improving compliance. It should be noted that elder patients are vulnerable for failed HFNC. We applied HFNC for oxygen therapy in severe and critical ill COVID-19 patients and summarized the following experiences. Firstly, to select the proper size of nasal catheter, to locate it at suitable place, and to confirm the nose and the upper respiratory airway unobstructed. Secondly, an initial ow of 60 L/min and 37℃ should be given immediately for patients with obvious respiratory distress or weak cough ability; otherwise, low-level support should be given first and the level gradually increased. Thirdly, to avoid hypoxia or hypoxemia, the treatment goal of HFNC should be maintained the oxygen saturation (SpO) above 95% for patients without chronic pulmonary disease. Finally, patients should wear a surgical mask during HFNC treatment to reduce the risk of virus transmission through droplets or aerosols.
Aged ; Betacoronavirus ; isolation & purification ; Cannula ; Coronavirus Infections ; therapy ; Humans ; Oxygen ; administration & dosage ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; therapy

Acute respiratory failure due to acute hypoxemia is the major manifestation in severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) induced by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. Rational and effective respiratory support is crucial in the management of COVID-19 patients. High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) has been utilized widely due to its superiority over other non-invasive respiratory support techniques. To avoid HFNC failure and intubation delay, the key issues are proper patients, timely application and improving compliance. It should be noted that elder patients are vulnerable for failed HFNC. We applied HFNC for oxygen therapy in severe and critical COVID-19 patients and summarized the following experiences. Firstly, to select the proper size of nasal catheter, to locate it at suitable place, and to confirm the nose and the upper respiratory airway unobstructed. Secondly, an initial flow of 60 L/min and 37℃ should be given immediately for patients with obvious respiratory distress or weak cough ability; otherwise, low-level support should be given first and the level gradually increased. Thirdly, to avoid hypoxia or hypoxemia, the treatment goal of HFNC should be maintained the oxygen saturation (SpO) above 95% for patients without chronic pulmonary disease. Finally, patients should wear a surgical mask during HFNC treatment to reduce the risk of virus transmission through droplets or aerosols.
Aged ; Betacoronavirus ; Cannula ; Coronavirus Infections ; complications ; therapy ; Humans ; Hypoxia ; etiology ; prevention & control ; therapy ; Masks ; Oxygen ; administration & dosage ; Oxygen Inhalation Therapy ; instrumentation ; standards ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; complications ; therapy

Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of prostatic arterial embolization (PAE) and transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) in treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Methods Totally 40 patients with BPH from Jan 2016 to Oct 2016 were selected.All patients were divided into PAE (n=20) and TURP (n=20) group by random number table method.The curative effect indexes (international prostate symptom score [IPSS],quality of life score [QOL],prostate volume [PV],postvoid residual [PVR],maximum urinary flow rate [Qmax] and prostate-specific antigen [PSA]),the complications and side effects,as well as the incidence of sexual dysfunction were analyzed and compared between the two groups.Results No statistical difference of IPSS,QOL,PV,PVR,Qmax nor PSA was found between the two groups before operation (all P＞0.05).IPSS,QOL,PV,PVR and PSA were significantly lower than those before operation 3,6 and 12 months after operation (all P＜0.05),while Qmax was obviously higher than that before operation (P＜0.05).Three months after operation,the curative effect indexes were statistically different between the two groups (all P＜0.05),while no statistical difference was found 6 and 12 months after operation (P＞0.05).The incidence of postoperative complications in TURP group was higher than that in PAE group (x2 =4.329,P=0.037).There was no statistical difference in the incidence of sexual dysfunction between the two groups (x2=2.105,P=0.147).Conclusion PAE and TURP can significantly alleviate clinical symptoms of patients with BPH.Three months after operation,the efficacy of TURP is better than PAE,but PAE is more minimally invasive and has fewer complications.

OBJECTIVETo demonstrate the clinical applicability of three-dimensional CT angiography by evaluating the anatomic features and variation of inferior mesenteric artery(IMA) and left colic artery(LCA) in order to provide reference to vessel ligation strategy in laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery.

METHODSClinical and image data of 123 patients receiving abdominal multislice CT at The Sixth Affiliated Hospital from 2014 to 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. The images were 3D-reconstructed with computer 3D CT angiography and arterial enhancement phase images were chosen for analysis. Linear distances from IMA root to abdominal aortic bifurcation and from LCA at IMA root level to IMA root were measured. Branch types of IMA, coursing pattern of LCA, and association between LCA and inferior mesenteric vein (IMV) site were summarized.

RESULTSOf 123 cases, 80 were males and 43 were females, mean age was (46.8±16.6) years, body weight was (57.7±10.4) kg, and BMI was (21.3±3.6) kg/m. The average distance from IMA root to abdominal aortic bifurcation was (42.5±7.9) mm, and this distance was closely associated with body weight (OR=4.771, 95%CI: 1.398 to 16.283, P=0.013). Longer distance tended to appear in the heavier patients. LCA and sigmoid artery (SA) originating from same single IMA was found in 61(49.6%) cases; LCA and SA forking at same point in 35(28.5%) cases; LCA and SA coursing together and forking afterwards in 24(19.5%) cases, and LCA disappearing in 3(2.4%) cases. In 71(57.7%) patients, LCA ascended medial to the lateral border of left kidney, while in 16(13.0%) patients, LCA arranged below the inferior border of left kidney. When the LCA site was higher and the distance from LCA to IMA root was closer [distance from LCA to IMA root level was (24.2±9.9) mm, (30.0±15.2) mm and (66.6±12.3) mm, F=83.2, P<0.001]. At the level of IMA root, LCA located medial to IMV in 21(17.1%) cases, located just lateral to IMV in 54(43.9%) cases, and located lateral and ascended far away from IMV in 48(39.0%) cases.

CONCLUSION3D-CT angiography is non-invasive, efficient and accurate in evaluating coursing features and variation of IMA and its branches, which can provide important reference to the surgeons, promising laparoscopic surgery smooth and safe.

Objective To investigate the effect of hypoxic preconditioning on anti-inflammatory responses of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) in rats through in vitro and in vivo experiments.Methods In vitro experiment The isolated rat BMSCs were cultured by whole bone marrow adherence method.The cells at passage 3 were seeded in 24-well plates at a density of 1 × 106 cells/ml and randomly divided into 5 groups (n =8 wells each) using a random number table:control group (group C),normoxia-incubated group (group N),hypoxic preconditioning group (group H),hypoxia preconditioning + STAT3 inhibitor Stattic group (group HS) and hypoxia preconditioning + anti-IL-10 monoclonal antibody group (group HA).In group C,BMSCs were incubated in DMEM culture medium.In group N,BMSCs were exposed to21％ O2-74％ N2-5.0％ CO2 for48 h.In group H,BMSCs were exposed to 0.5％ O2-94.5％ N2-5.0％ CO2 for 24 h followed by 24 h exposure to normoxia.In HS and HA groups,500 μg/ml Stattic and 100 μg/rnl anti-IL-10 monoclonal antibody were added to the culture medium before hypoxia preconditioning,respectively.The expression of phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3) and IL-10 was determined by Western blot.In vivo experiment Healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 300-350 g,in which intrathecal catheters were successfully implanted without complications,underwent spinal cord ischemia by occlusion of the thoracic aorta combined with controlled hypotension.Three hundred rats with spinal cord I/R injury were randomly divided into C,N,H,HS and HA groups (n =60 each) using a random number table.Immediately after onset of reperfusion,DMEM medium 300 μl was injected intrathecally in group C,and BMSC suspension 300 μl (1 × 106 cells/ml) was injected intrathecally in N,H,HS and HA groups.Neurological function was scored before ischemia and at 4,12,24 and 48 h of reperfusion (T0-,).The animals were then sacrificed and the lumbar segment of spinal cord was removed for detection of the content of IL-10,TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1),and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 α (MIP-1 α) (by ELISA) and the number of activated microglia (by immuno-histochemistry).Results Compared with C and N groups,the expression of pSTATβ and IL-10 was significantly up-regulated,the neurological function score and IL-10 content were increased,the content of TNF-α,IL-1β,IL-6,MCP-1 and MIP-1α and the number of activated microglia were decreased in group H (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group H,the expression of p-STAT3 and IL-10 in group HS and expression of IL-10 in group HA was significantly down-regulated,and the neurological function score and IL-10 content were decreased,and the content of TNF-α,IL-13,IL-6,MCP-1 and MIP-1α and the number of activated microglia were increased in HS and HA groups (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Hypoxic preconditioning can enhance anti-inflammatory effects of BMSCs,thus increasing BMSCs-induced reduction of spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.

OBJECTIVETo study preliminarily on the relationship between properties of the mixture composed of Tongsaimai extract and different excipients and pellet molding.

METHODThe multivariate regression analysis was used to investigate the correlation of different mixture and pellet molding by measuring the cohesion, liquid-plastic limit of mixture, and the powder properties of pellets. The weighted coefficients of the powder properties were determined by analytic hierarchy process combined with criteria importance through intercriteria correlation.

RESULTThe results showed that liquid-plastic limit seemed to be a major factor, which had positive correlation with pellet molding, while cohesion had negative correlation with pellet molding in the measured range.

CONCLUSIONThe physical properties of the mixture has marked influence on pellet molding.

Dosage Forms ; Drug Compounding ; instrumentation ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Excipients ; chemistry ; Particle Size ; Powders ; Surface Properties

ObjectiveEvidence-based medicine was used to make an individualized treatment plan for rare solitary splenic metastasis of an ovarian carcinoma in a female patient. MethodsAfter clinical problems were discovered, evidence was collected from the Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, ScienceDirect, CNKI and Wanfang databases according to our predefined search strategy. The search was done until October, 2009. The validity of the evidence was assessed. The evidence, combined with the doctor experience and the patient value, was applied to the patient. ResultsA total of 15 English literature and 11 Chinese literature were identified. A rational treatment plan was made upon a critical evaluation of the data. There were 5 review articles in PubMed, EMBASE and ScienceDirect databases and no RCT in the Cochrane Library. And there was one retrospective cohort study inCNKI and Wanfang databases. The others were all case reports. After 20 month follow-up, the treatment protocol was proven correct. Conclusion The patient has rare disease, and the evidence intension for the evidence-based medicine was low. It can not present the efficacy of the evidence-based medicine treatment sufficiently, though it could provide some suggestion for rare disease which was lack of large RCT for evidence-based Methods .

Objective To establish a off-pump leukocyte depletion method in canines.Methods Twenty-one healthy adult mongrel dogs of both sexes, weighing 10-12 kg, were randomized into 2 groups: control group (group C, n = 9) and leukocyte depletion group (group LD, n = 12) . An extracorporeal leukocyte filtration end was constructed by aseptic puncture of the bilateral external jugular veins via a blood transfusion line and the leukocyte filter for extracorporeal leukocyte depletion. In group LD, blood was filtered with a MP-300 blood line and a SQ40S leucocyte depletion filter one end placed in the right external jugular vein (artery end) and the other end placed in the left external jugular vein (venous end). After heparin anticoagulation, a MP-300 blood line pump was used as the power. Blood was filtered at a rate of 75 ml/min and it was maintained for 60 min. The artery end was then closed, normal saline injected into the closed circuit, the remaining blood pumped into the body, and then the venous end closed. In group C, aseptic puncture of the bilateral external jugular veins was performed. Arterial blood samples were taken immediately before leukodepletion (baseline, T_0 ) , at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 min of leukodepletion (T_(1-6) , depletion period), and at 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 120, 180 and 270 min after leukodepletion (T_(7-15) , recovery period) for determination of blood routine. MAP, HR, RBC.Plt and body temperature were recorded at T_0 , T_6 , T_(12) and T_(15) . Results There were no significant difference in MAP and RBC between the two groups ( P > 0.05 ) . HR, body temperature, and Plt were significantly lower in group LD than in group C (P < 0.05) .The leukocyte concentration was lower during depletion period in group LD than in group C ( P < 0.05) , while there was no significant difference in leukocyte concentration during recovery period between the two groups (P > 0.05 ). Conclusion The off-pump leukocyte depletion method is successfully established and has exact efficacy with less adverse effects in this study.

To study the effects of salidroside-pretreatment on changes of neuroethology in rats with global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury so as to investigate its probable mechanism.