BACKGROUND:Fibromyalgia syndrome,as a common rheumatic disease,is related to central sensitization and immune abnormalities.However,the specific mechanism has not been elucidated,and there is a lack of specific diagnostic markers.Exploring the possible pathogenesis of this disease has important clinical significance. OBJECTIVE:To screen the potential diagnostic marker genes of fibromyalgia syndrome and analyze the possible immune infiltration characteristics based on bioinformatics methods,such as weighted gene co-expression network analysis(WGCNA),and machine learning. METHODS:Gene expression profiles in peripheral serum of fibromyalgia syndrome patients and healthy controls were obtained from the gene expression omnibus(GEO)database.The differentially co-expressed genes were screened in the expression profile by differential analysis and WGCNA analysis.Least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)and support vector machine-recursive feature elimination(SVM-RFE)machine learning algorithm were further used to identify hub biomarkers,and draw receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC)to evaluate the accuracy of diagnosing fibromyalgia syndrome.Finally,single sample gene set enrichment analysis(ssGSEA)and gene set enrichment analysis(GSEA)were used to evaluate the immune cell infiltration and pathway enrichment in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Eight down-regulated differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were obtained after differential analysis of the GSE67311 dataset according to the conditions of log2|(FC)|>0 and P<0.05.After WGCNA analysis,497 genes were included in the module(MEdarkviolet)with the highest positive correlation(r=0.22,P=0.04),and 19 genes were included in the module(MEsalmon2)with the highest negative correlation(r=-0.41,P=6×10-5).After intersecting DEGs and the module genes of WGCNA,seven genes were obtained.Four genes were screened out by LASSO regression algorithm and five genes were screened out by SVM-RFE machine learning algorithm.After the intersection of the two,three core genes were identified,which were germinal center associated signaling and motility like,integrin beta-8,and carboxypeptidase A3.The areas under the ROC curve of the three core genes were 0.744,0.739,and 0.734,respectively,indicating that they have good diagnostic value and can be used as biomarkers for fibromyalgia syndrome.The results of immune infiltration analysis showed that memory B cells,CD56 bright NK cells,and mast cells were significantly down-regulated in patients with fibromyalgia syndrome compared with the control group(P<0.05),and were significantly positively correlated with the above three biomarkers(P<0.05).The enrichment analysis suggested that there were nine fibromyalgia syndrome enrichment pathways,mainly related to olfactory transduction pathway,neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction,and infection pathway.The above results showed that the occurrence and development of fibromyalgia syndrome are related to the involvement of multiple genes,abnormal immune regulation,and multiple pathways imbalance.However,the interactions between these genes and immune cells,as well as their relationships with various pathways need to be further investigated.

Objective:To explore the medication regularity of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for diabetic lower extremity arterial disease (DLEAD) based on data mining.Methods:Search for the clinical literature of treating DLEAD in recent 20 years from China Academic Journal Database (Wanfang Data), China National Knowledge Resources Database (CNKI), China Biomedical Literature Service System (SinoMed) and Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database (Chongqing VIP) dated. The frequency analysis, cluster analysis and association analysis for TCM were carried out respectively through Excel 2019, SPSS 25 and SPSS Modeler 18.Results:There are altogher 175 papers mentioning 201 prescriptions and 186 herbs, among which the top 5 herbs that are used frequently are Astragali Radix, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Chuanxiong Rhizoma, Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix, Carthami Flos. The taste are mainly sweet and the nature is warm, with liver meridian as the most important maridian. The herbs for activating blood circulation and removing blood stasis are frequently used, followed by Qi tonic and blood tonic herbs. Association Rule Analysis suggested that Astragali Radix, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Chuanxiong Rhizoma are the herbs that are frequently combined together. Conclusions:The medication for treating DLEAD mainly focuses on promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis and tonifing Qi and blood. At the same time, the treatment should focus on dispelling wind and dispersing cold, warming yang and unblocking collaterals, resolving phlegm and removing dampness, nourishing yin and clearing heat based on different syndromes. Astragali Radix, Angelicae Sinensis Radix, Chuanxiong Rhizoma were the core herbs. It can be combined with Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix, Pheretma, Paeoniae Radix Rubra, Salviae miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Peach Kernel, Carthami Flos to improve the curative effect.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical characteristics and identify potential factors of the early-stage hip involvement in patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) based on the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Methods:A retrospective group control study was carried out in 570 AS patients who were consecutively admitted to our hospital from 2014 to 2018. Patients with hip pain or hip function limitation but lacking definitive evidence of hip involvement on radiography were underwent hip MRI. Patients were divided into three groups: no hip involvement, early-stage hip involvement (hip involvement detected by MRI but with negative radiographs) and advanced-stage hip involvement (Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Radiology Index-hip score ≥2). The study factors included demographic, laboratory, clinical and radiographic data. Simple and multiple ordinal logistic regression analysis were used to identify factors associated with the early-stage hip involvement and advanced-stage hip involvement.Results:A total of 236 patients (41.4%) presented with hip involvement, in which 146 cases (25.6%) were diagnosed with early-stage hip involvement, while 90 cases (15.8%) were diagnosed with advanced-stage hip involvement. Multivariate logistic regression analysis demonstrated that older age at onset [ OR=0.80, 95% CI (0.72, 0.90), P<0.01], more active inflammation in the sacroiliac joints [ OR=1.13, 95% CI(1.07, 1.18), P<0.01] and worse BASMI score [ OR=3.06, 95% CI(2.14, 4.13), P<0.01] were associated with the occurrence of early-stage hip involvement. Conclusion:MRI is superior to radiography in detecting early-stage hip involvement. MRI is more suitable for hip involvement assessment in AS patients with suspected symptoms or risk factors of hip involvement.

Fiber photometry is a sensitive and easy way to detect changes in fluorescent signals. The combination of fiber photometry with various fluorescent biomarkers has substantially advanced neuroscience research over the last decade. Despite the wide use of fiber photometry in biomedical fields, the lack of a detailed and comprehensive protocol has limited progress and sometimes complicated the interpretation of data. Here, we describe detailed procedures of fiber photometry for the long-term monitoring of neuronal activity in freely-behaving animals, including surgery, apparatus setup, data collection, and analysis.
Animals ; Brain ; metabolism ; Calcium Signaling ; Female ; Male ; Mice ; Neurons ; metabolism ; Neurosurgical Procedures ; Optical Fibers ; Optical Imaging ; instrumentation ; methods ; Photometry ; instrumentation ; methods

Objective To investigate the influence of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in rehabilitation of motor function and short-term prognoses in patients with acute middle cerebral artery (MCA) infarction. MethodsSeventy-four patients with acute MCA infarction, admitted to Department of Neurology from March 2016 to September 2018, and then, accepted rehabilitation training for 4 weeks in Department of Rehabilitation medicine, were recruited. Modification of Diet in Renal Disease was used to evaluate the eGFR instead of renal function; according to the results, these patients were divided into normal renal function group and mild-moderate renal dysfunction group. National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) was used to assess the neurologic function. Fazekas scale was used to assess degrees of leukoaraiosis. Fugl-Meyer Motor Function Assessment (FMA) was used to assess motor functions before rehabilitation treatment and 90 d after onset. Modified Barthel Index (MBI) was used to assess activity of daily living 90 d after onset. According to MBI scores, the patients were divided into good prognosis group (MBI scores>60) and poor prognosis group (MBI scores≤60); multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to confirm the risk factors affecting prognoses 90 d after onset.ResultsAmong 74 enrolled patients, 40 were classified as normal renal function group and 34 as mild-moderate renal dysfunction group; patients in the mild-moderate renal dysfunction group had significantly higher level of blood urea nitrogen, proportion of silent lacunar cerebral infarction and Fazekas scale scores, and had statistically lower FMA scores and MBI 90 d after onset than normal renal function group (P<0.05). Among the 74 patients, good prognosis was found in 32 patients and poor prognosis in 42 patients; multivariate Logistic regression analysis found that age, eGFR (OR=0.944,P= 0.011, 95％CI: 0.903-0.987), baseline NIHSS scores, and Fazekas scale scores were risk factors affecting prognoses 90 d after onset.ConclusionIn acute MCA infarction patients, eGFR can influence the rehabilitation of motor function and short-term prognoses.

Objective: To study the feasibility, safety and short-term efficacy of total laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery with transanal natural orifice specimen extraction and resection. Methods: From May 2014 to March 2016, 17 patients with rectal carcinoma were treated by total laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery with transanal natural orifice specimen extraction and resection. The clinical data of these patients was collected and retrospectively analyzed to assess the impact of the operation on postoperative recovery time and the incidence of complications. Results: All operations had been successfully accomplished without conversion to open surgery or conversional laparoscopic-assisted surgery . The median operative time was 105 minutes. The median blood loss was 35 ml. The median proximal and distal margin of tumor is 16 cm and 3.5 cm. The median number of lymph nodes harvest is 21, and the median first bowl movement is 43 hours. The hospitalization after operation is 8 days. No patient underwent abdomen hemorrhage or anastomotic leakage. Conclusion Laparoscopic rectal cancer surgery with transanal natural orifice specimen extraction and resection appears to be feasible, safe and with promising efficacy for selected patients.

Objective To investigate the application value of interleukin-27 (IL-27) in the patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).Methods A total of 208 ACS patients were enrolled in the study,including 76 acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients with ST elevation (STEMI),58 AMI patients with non-ST elevation (NSTEMI) and 74 unstable angina pectoris (UAP) patients.These patients were divided into single-vessel lesions,double-vessel lesions and three-vessel lesions groups,and 62 patients with chest pain syndrome (CPS) were selected as a control group.The plasma IL-27 levels of all patients were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and analyzed.Results The levels of plasma IL-27 (median[P25,P75]) in STEMI (308.64 [245.17,359.26] pg/mL),NSTEMI (256.88 [181.52,332.51] pg/mL) and UAP (218.12 [165.33,312.46] pg/mL) patients were significantly higher than that in CPS patients (100.66[68.98,228.86] pg/mL,P ＜ 0.01).The levels of plasma IL-27 in STEMI patients were significantly higher than that in NSTEMI and UAP patients (P ＜ 0.05).The positive rate of IL-27 in ACS patients with negative TnI was 54.24％ (32/59).The sensitivity and specificity of IL-27 in predicting ACS from chest pain patients were 80.29％and 58.06％,respectively.The levels of plasma IL-27 in the patients with three-vessel lesions were significantly higher than that with single-vessel lesions (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Plasma IL-27 levels in ACS patients increase obviously,which may be involved in the pathogenesis of ACS.IL-27 may be helpful for the diagnosis of ACS patients with negative TnI and the prediction of ACS state.

We proposed a research of a heart sound envelope extraction system in this paper. The system was implemented on LabVIEW based on the Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT). We firstly used the sound card to collect the heart sound, and then implemented the complete system program of signal acquisition, pretreatment and envelope extraction on LabVIEW based on the theory of HHT. Finally, we used a case to prove that the system could collect heart sound, preprocess and extract the envelope easily. The system was better to retain and show the characteristics of heart sound envelope, and its program and methods were important to other researches, such as those on the vibration and voice, etc.
Heart Sounds ; Humans ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted

Objective The occurrence and progression of renal cell carcinoma ( RCC) is complicated process associated with DNA abnormal methylation , histone modification , and Wnt signaling pathway .This study aimed to investigate the expression of histone methylase SET8 in RCC, its relationship with the Wnt signaling pathway , its action mechanism in RCC , and its clinical significance . Methods We selected 50 cases of RCC treated by radical nephrectomy , detected the expression of SET 8 in the RCC and adjacent noncancerous kidney tissues by immunohistochemical EliVision two-step staining with β-catenin.We compared the expression levels of SET8 and β-catenin in the two types of tissue and analyzed their relationship with the patients′clinical information and the pathologic stage and grade of tumor as well as the correlation between the SET 8 andβ-catenin expressions . Results SET8 was mainly express in the cytoplasm of the RCC and noncancerous kidney tissues , partially in the cell membrane and nucleus , while theβ-catenin protein chiefly in the cell membrane of renal tubular epithelial cells in the normal kidney tissue .The expression levels of SET 8 and β-catenin in the RCC tissue were closely related to the TNM stage and tumor grade (P<0.05).The positive expression of SET8 in the RCC tissue (76%[38/50]) showed no significant difference from that in the ad-jacent noncancerous kidney tissue (66% [33/50]) (P>0.05), but that of β-catenin was remarkably higher in the former (68%[34/50]) than in the latter (4%[2/50]) (P<0.01).There was a positive correlation between the positive expression of SET 8 and the abnormal expression of β-catenin (r=0.219, P<0.05). Conclusion SET8-activated H4K20me-1 controls the activation and abnormal activities of the Wnt signaling pathway , affects the gene transcription and cell activity , and participates in the occurrence , progression, and distant metastasis of RCC .

Fetal heart sound is nonlinear and non-stationary, which contains a lot of noise when it is colleced, so the denoising method is important. We proposed a new denoising method in our study. Firstly, we chose the preprocessing of low-pass filter with a cutoff frequency of 200 Hz and the resampling. Secondly, we decomposed the signal based on empirical mode decomposition method (EMD) of Hilbert-Huang transform, then denoised some selected target components with wavelet soft threshold adaptive noise cancellation algorithm. Finally we got the clean fetal heart sound by combining the target components. In the EMD, we used a mask signal to eliminate the mode mixing problem, used mirroring extension method to eliminate the end effect, and referenced the stopping rule from the research of Rilling. This method eliminated the baseline drift and noise at once. To compare with wavelet transform (WT), mathematical morphology (MM) and the Fourier transform (FT), the SNR was improved obviously, and the RMSE was the minimum, which could satisfy the need of the practical application.
Algorithms ; Fetal Heart ; physiology ; Heart Sounds ; Humans ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Signal-To-Noise Ratio ; Wavelet Analysis