Objective:To establish UPLC fingerprint method and 2 contents determination methods of Buddleja officinalis; To provide a reference for improving the quality control standard and evaluation of Buddleja officinalis from different habitats.Methods:UPLC method was used to establish the fingerprints of 17 batches of Buddleja officinalis. The similarity evaluation, clustering analysis, principal component analysis and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis were used to compare the quality differences of Buddleja officinalis from different habitats. The contents of acteoside and linarin in Buddleja officinalis were determined.Results:There were 12 common peaks in UPLC fingerprints of Buddleja officinalis, six of which were identified as echinacoside, acteoside, cynaroside, isoacteoside, linarin, and apigenin. The fingerprint similarity of 17 batches of Buddleja officinalis was more than 0.9; Buddleja officinalis from different habitats were classified into 2 groups. Five differential markers were determined by OPLS-DA analysis. The order of significance was acteoside > peak 3 > echinacoside > isoacteoside > linarin. Edgeworthia chrysantha was identified by the method of fingerprint as counterfeit. The results of content determination showed that the content of Buddleja officinalis in Hubei and Sichuan was the high and stable.Conclusion:The method can effectively analyze the differences of Buddleja officinalis from different habitats, and provide reference for the quality control of Buddleja officinalis.

Objective To establish a simultaneous detection approach for 34 emerging contaminants(ECs)in tap water by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS).Human health risk assessment was performed according to the detection results from 43 tap water samples.Methods Tap water samples were concentrated and extracted by solid phase extraction,and then blown to near dry by nitrogen at 40℃.The sample extracts were dissolved in methanol-water solution(95:5,VN)to 0.5 mL for analyzing.Agilent Jet Stream Electrospray Ionization(AJS ESI)and the multiple reaction monitoring(MRM)mode were performed for MS to acquire the data of 34 ECs.A database including precursor ion,product ion and retention times was established accordingly.Results The average linear correlation coefficients(r)of 34 kinds of ECs was 0.995 9.The limits of detection were 0.01～0.60 ng/L and the recoveries were between 60.7％and 119.8％.The intra-group precisions were between 0.05％～9.89％and the intra-day precisions were between 0.20％～14.40％for the spiked samples.The method was applied to analyze 43 tap water samples and a total of 15 ECs were detected.According to the results,the detection rate of caffeine was the highest(84％),and the concentration range was ND～74.42 ng/L.Among all the ECs detected,1,2,3-benzotriazole had the highest concentration(ND～361.15 ng/L),where detection rate was 44％.Humans may be exposed to these ECs by drinking the tap water.The human health risk assessments of 12 kinds of ECs were carried out,however,the estimated risk was negligible(risk quotient＜0.01).Conclusion The method is simple,highly sensitive and selective,and could meet the detection needs of ECs at trace level in tap water.There was no human health risk posed for ECs identified in 43 tap water samples analyzed by this method.

Objective:To establish the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) fingerprint and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) content determination method of Curcumae Radix standard decoction; To predict the quality markers of Curcumae Radix standard decoction combined with network pharmacology.Methods:UPLC method was used to establish the fingerprint of Curcumae Radix standard decoction, and the common peaks were determined. Combined with chemical pattern recognition techniques such as similarity analysis and clustering analysis, Curcumae Radix standard decoction from different producing areas was studied, and curcumol was used as an index to determine the content of 24 batches of Curcumae Radix standard decoction. At the same time, network pharmacology was used to predict potential of curcumol and (1S, 6β)-1β-Methyl-4-(1-methylethylidene)-7β-(3-oxobutyl) bicyclo [4.1.0] heptan-3-one.Results:A total of 24 batches of Curcumae Radix standard decoction from different habitats were compared and analyzed, and 10 common peaks were calibrated. The similarity of 24 batches of samples ranged from 0.982 to 0.999. Clustering analysis and principal component analysis divided them into three categories. Heat map analysis showed that peak 8 (curcumol) and peak 9 ((1S, 6β)-1β-Methyl-4-(1-methylethylidene)-7β-(3-oxobutyl) bicyclo [4.1.0] heptan-3-one) were the main components. The content of curcumol in 24 batches of Curcumae Radix standard decoction was 0.69-1.87 mg/g; curcumol and (1S, 6β)-1β-Methyl-4-(1-methylethylidene)-7β- (3-oxobutyl) bicyclo [4.1.0] heptan-3-one may regulate the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction signaling pathway, calcium signaling, and excitation by regulating neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction signaling pathway, calcium signaling, and excitation. It was preliminarily predicted that curcumol and (1S, 6β)-1β-Methyl-4-(1-methylethylidene)-7β-(3-oxobutyl) bicyclo [4.1.0] heptan-3-one were potential quality markers of Curcumae Radix.Conclusion:Curcumol and (1S, 6β)-1β-Methyl-4-(1-methylethylidene)-7β-(3-oxobutyl) bicyclo [4.1.0] heptan-3-one are potential quality markers of Curcumae Radix standard decoction, and the established fingerprint can be used for the quality control of Curcumae Radix standard decoction.

Objective:Acoustic neuroma(AN)is a benign tumor that usually affects a patient's hearing and balance function.For the screening and diagnosis of AN,the traditional approach mainly relies on audiological examination and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),often ignoring the importance of vestibular function assessment in the affected area.As an emerging method of vestibular function detection,video head impulse test(vHIT)has been widely used in clinic,but research on its use in AN diagnosis is relatively limited.This study aims to explore the value of vHIT in the diagnosis of AN,vestibular dysfunction assessment,and postoperative compensation establishment in unilateral AN patients undergoing unilateral AN resection through labyrinthine approach. Methods:This retrospective study was conducted on 27 AN patients who underwent unilateral AN resection via labyrinthine approach from October 2020 to March 2022 in the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery,the Second Xiangya Hospital,Central South University.vHIT was performed 1 week before surgery to assess vestibular function,pure tone audiometry(PTA)was used to assess hearing level,and ear MRI was used to assess tumor size.Follow-up vHIT was conducted at 1 week,1 month,6 months,and 1 year post-surgery.The correlation of vHIT with hearing and tumor size was analyzed. Results:Preoperative vHIT showed that the posterior semicircular canal on the affected side was the most common semicircular canal with reduced vestibulo-ocular reflex(VOR)gain.There was a correlation between the VOR gain of vHIT on the affected side and the hearing level(r=-0.47,P<0.05)or tumor size(r=-0.54,P<0.01).The results of vHIT on the affected side showed that the hearing level and mean VOR gain of the anterior semicircular canal increased slightly with time,and the amplitude and saccade percentage of the dominant saccades of the 3 semicircular canals increased,while the latency time decreased,with the most obvious changes occurring 1 week post-surgery. Conclusion:vHIT can effectively monitor the changes of vestibular function in AN patients before and after surgery and has application value in assisting the diagnosis of vestibular dysfunction in AN patients.

Objective:Ménière's disease(MD)is an idiopathic inner ear disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of episodic rotational vertigo,fluctuating hearing loss,tinnitus,and a feeling of ear stuffiness.Endolymphatic sac(ES)-related surgery is used primarily in patients with MD who have failed to respond to pharmacologic therapy.Endolymphatic duct blockage(EDB)is a new procedure for the treatment of MD,and related clinical studies are still scarce.This study aims to investigate the dynamic changes in endolymphatic hydrops(EH)and the long-term surgical outcomes in MD patients undergoing EDB,and to evaluate the impact of different types of ES on the surgical efficacy. Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 33 patients with refractory MD who underwent EDB.Based on the morphology of their endolymphatic sacs,patients were divided into a normal-type group(n=14)and an atrophic-type group(n=19).The frequency of vertigo symptoms,hearing,vestibular function,and the dynamic changes of gadolinium-enhanced MRI of the inner ear were compared were compared before and after surgery between the 2 groups. Results:Compared with the atrophic-type group,the patients in the normal-type group had a higher rate of complete vertigo control,better cochlear and vestibular function,and a lower endolymph to vestibule volume ratio(all P<0.05).In addition,7 patients in the normal-type group were found to have reversal of EH,while no reversal of EH was detected in the atrophic-type group after surgery. Conclusion:The response to EDB treatment varies between normal and atrophic MD patients,suggesting that the 2 pathological types of endolymphatic sacs may have different underlying mechanisms of disease.

Objective To investigate the effect of core decompression combined with bone-morphogenetic proteins(BMP)activity inducing rod implantation in the treatment of early-stage femoral head necrosis.Methods Retrospective analysis of 116 patients with early-stage femoral head necrosis from June 2018 to June 2022 were divided into core decompression combined with BMP activity inducing rod group(BMP group)and allograft bone group.Sixty cases in the BMP group were treated with core decompression combined with implantation of BMP-activated induced rods,and 56 cases in the allograft group were treated with core decompression combined with bone grafting of the allograft bone by punching and compression.The differences in hip Harris scores and visual analogue scores(VAS)of pain between the two groups at preoperative,6 months postoperative and 1 year postop-erative,and the patient treatment response and femoral head survival rate at 1 year postoperative were compared.Results All patients were followed-up,and the difference between the preoperative VAS score and Harris score of the two groups was not statistically significant(P＞0.05),and the VAS score and Harris score of the two groups were significantly improved at 6 months and 1 year after operation,and the BMP group was better than the allograft bone group,with significant difference(P＜0.05).At 1 year after surgery,the Harris hip score excellence rate of the BMP group was higher than that of the allograft bone group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05);the femoral head survival rate of the BMP group was higher than that of the allograft bone group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Conclusions Core decompression combined with BMP activity induced rod implantation was effective in the treatment of early femoral head necrosis,which accelerated the induction of new bone formation,improved the quality of new bone,provided biomechanical support for the femoral head,and effectively avoided femoral head collapse.Moreover,it has good biocompatibility and couldbe degraded and absorbed in the body,which is worthy of clinical promotion.

Objective Metabolomics was used to analyze the changes of metabolites in the plasma of Fenpropathrin-contaminated rats to find potential biomarkers for forensic identification of Fenpropathrin poisoning.Methods SD rats in the two experimental groups were given 20.5 mg/kg and 41 mg/kg doses of fenpropathrin respectively by gavage.The rats in the control group were given equivalent volume of normal saline.The angular vein blood of rats was collected 24 hours after gavage,and endogenous small molecule metabolites in plasma were investigated by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-TOF-MS).The data was processed by SIMCA14.1.The differential metabolites in plasma of fenpropathrin-infected rats were screened out according to the Variable Importance in Projection(VIP)and p<0.05 in the OPLS-DA model.Finally,the pathways were analyzed.Results There were significant differences in plasma metabolite levels between the control group and the experimental group,and 17 biomarkers were selected to identify whether the rats had received fenpropathrin,which mainly affected purine metabolism,Alanine,aspartate and glutamate metabolism,arginine biosynthesis,biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and pyrimidine metabolism.Conclusion Fenpropathrin can change the composition of metabolites in rats,and the differential markers screened can provide supportive forensic evidence for cases related to deltamethrin poisoning.

Objective:To explore the facilitators and barriers in implementing the orthokeratology lens-wearing education guidance program from the perspectives of children, their families, and medical and nursing staff.Methods:Based on phenomenological research, purposive sampling was used to select five medical workers, 18 children wearing orthokeratology lenses and family members from the Optometry Center of Peking University Third Hospital as interviewees for semi-structured interviews. Colaizzi's 7-step method was used to analyze interview data.Results:Two themes (facilitators and barriers) were extracted, among which facilitators included two sub-themes (strong demand for educational guidance, trust in medical and nursing staff), and barriers consisted of two sub-themes (patient factors, external support factors) .Conclusions:In promoting the educational guidance intervention program for wearing orthokeratology lenses, medical and nursing staff need to fully play the role of facilitators, analyze and solve barriers, and ultimately promote the smooth implementation of the intervention program.

Objective To establish an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography(UPLC)fingerprint and multi-index content determination method of Siraitiae fructus standard decoction.Methods 15 batches of Siraitiae fructus from different producing areas were collected,Siraitiae fructus standard decoction was prepared according to Technical Requirements for Quality Control and Standardization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granules,and the extract rate was calculated.UPLC was used to establish the fingerprint of 15 batches of Siraitiae fructus standard decoction and determine the contents of 11-O-mogroside V,kaempferitrin and mogroside V,which were the main effective components.The chemometrics analysis was used to evaluate the quality of Siraitiae fructus standard decoction and find possible quality markers.Results The extraction rate of 15 batches Siraitiae fructus standard decoction ranged from 24.79％to 34.95％.There were 16 common peaks in the fingerprint,and 4 components were identified.The Siraitiae fructus standard decoction was divided into 2 categories by chemometrics analysis,among which samples from Liuzhou,Guangxi were in one category and samples from Guilin,Guangxi were in another category.Seven differential markers were screened out under the condition of variable importance projection value,and the order was as follows:peak 8＞peak 7＞peak 5＞peak 12(kaempferitrin)＞peak 1＞peak 13＞peak 4.The contents of kaempferitrin,11-O-mogroside V and mogroside V in samples from Guilin,Guangxi were slightly higher than those in samples from Liuzhou,Guangxi.Conclusion The UPLC fingerprint and content determination method established in this study are feasible,which can provide a basis for the quality evaluation of Siraitiae fructus.The results of principal component analysis show that kaempferol is likely to become a quality marker of Siraitiae fructus.

Objective:To establish UPLC fingerprint method of Buddlejae Flos standard decoction and determination method of acteoside and linarin.Methods:UPLC method was used to establish the fingerprints of 17 batches of Buddlejae Flos standard decoction. Similarity evaluation and clustering analysis were carried out on the fingerprints of Buddlejae Flos standard decoction; the chromatographic peaks of standard decoction were identified by mass spectrometry and compared with the reference materials; the contents of acteoside and linarin in Buddlejae Flos standard decoction were determined by HPLC.Results:There were 11 common peaks in the fingerprint of Buddlejae Flos standard decoction and 6 of them were identified. The similarity of the 17 batch samples was between 0.972 and 0.999. Clustering analysis classified 17 batches of Buddlejae Flos standard decoction into two categories; edgeworthia chrysantha standard decoction was identified by the method of fingerprint as counterfeit; the content determination results showed that the contents of acteoside and linarin in the standard decoction prepared from Buddlejae Flos of in Hubei and Sichuan Provinces were higher than others and were more stable.Conclusion:The method can be used to comprehensively evaluate the quality of Buddlejae Flos standard decoction and provide reference for establishing the quality standard of Buddlejae Flos dispensing granules.