Objective:To evaluate the value of 18F-FDG PET/CT for preoperative localization of epileptogenic foci in refractory epilepsy patients with negative MRI. Methods:Clinical data (550 lobes) of 55 epilepsy patients (38 males, 17 females, age (20.0±8.1) years) with negative MRI who underwent preoperative 18F-FDG PET/CT-MRI between January 2014 and June 2020 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University were retrospectively analyzed. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of 18F-FDG PET/CT, video electroencephalogram (VEEG), PET/CT+ VEEG and PET/CT-VEEG for localizing epileptogenic foci were calculated using stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) and the outcomes of at least 1 year of postoperative follow-up as reference standards. χ2 test was used to compare the efficiencies of different examination modalities for unilobar, multilobar and all patients. Results:The correct lateralization rate of epileptogenic foci was 92.6%(25/27) using PET/CT. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, PPV and NPV of PET/CT for localization of epileptogenic foci were 65.1%(54/83), 77.9%(364/467), 76.0%(418/550), 34.4%(54/157) and 92.6%(364/393), respectively. The sensitivities of PET/CT-VEEG for localization of epileptogenic foci in all patients and patients with multilobar epilepsy were higher than those of VEEG alone (75.9%(63/83) vs 45.8%(38/83), 68.6%(35/51) vs 31.4%(16/51); χ2 values: 15.80, 14.16, both P<0.001). The specificities of PET/CT+ VEEG for localization of epileptogenic foci in all patients and patients with unilobar epilepsy were higher than those of VEEG alone (97.6%(456/467) vs 94.6%(442/467), 97.9%(282/288) vs 94.1%(271/288); χ2 values: 5.66, 5.48; P values: 0.017, 0.019). The sensitivity of PET/CT-VEEG (PET/CT and VEEG concordance) for localization of epileptogenic foci was higher than that of PET/CT+ VEEG (PET/CT and VEEG discordance) (8/9 vs 28.4%(21/74); χ2=10.40, P=0.001), and its specificity and accuracy were higher than those of PET/CT-VEEG (PET/CT and VEEG discordance) (93.4%(57/61) vs 71.7%(291/406), 92.9%(65/70) vs 72.1%(346/480); χ2 values: 13.23, 13.96; both P<0.001). Conclusions:18F-FDG PET/CT can localize and lateralize epileptogenic foci in patients with negative MRI. The combination of 18F-FDG PET/CT and VEEG improves the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for epileptogenic foci detection. 18F-FDG PET/CT is more accurate in detecting epileptogenic foci when it is concordant with VEEG.

Objective:To investigate the influence of sulforaphane(SFN)on ventricular remodeling in myocardial infarction(MI)rat model by regulating extracellular regulated protein kinase(ERK)/nuclear respiratory factor 1(NRF1)signaling pathway.Methods:Among 48 SD male rats,12 were randomly selected as Sham group.The remaining rats were treated with ligation of left ante-rior descending coronary artery to establish myocardial infarction model.After modeling,36 rats were randomly divided into MI model group,SFN treatment group(10 mg/kg),SFN+SCH772984(ERK inhibitor)group(10 mg/kg+15 mg/kg),with 12 rats in each group.Animal ultrasound was performed to detect cardiac structure and function.Histological analysis was performed to evaluate myo-cardial fibrosis and cell apoptosis.ELISA was used to measure pro-inflammatory factor levels in serum,and Western blot assay was used to observe the expression of ERK/NRF1 pathway related proteins in myocardium of rats in each group.Results:Compared with rats in Sham group,rats in MI model group showed a loss of myocardial compliance and disarray of ventricular myocardial fibers,along with increased myocardial fibrosis and myocardial cell apoptosis.Moreover,rats in MI model group also exhibited overactive inflammatory response and inhibition of the ERK/NRF1 signaling pathway in cardiac tissues(P<0.05).Notably,SFN treatment signifi-cantly not only improved cardiac function,but also ameliorated myocardial fibrosis and cell apoptosis(P<0.05).SFN treatment inhib-ited inflammatory cytokine expression and activated the ERK/NRF1 pathway as well(P<0.05).However,SCH772984 significantly abrogated the protective effect of SFN against myocardial fibrosis and apoptosis in MI rats.Conclusion:SFN may protect against ventricular remodeling in MI rat by activating ERK/NRF1 pathway.

Objective:To investigate the effectiveness, safety, and advantages of modified radical neck dissection by gasless unilateral axillary approach (GUA-MRND) in the surgical management of selected patients with papillary thyroid cancer.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed patients with papillary thyroid cancer who underwent GUA-MRND (endoscopic group, n=16) versus unilateral open modified radical neck dissection (MRND) (open group, n=32) during the period from Jan. 2019 to Jun. 2021, including the differences in surgical efficiency, complication rate, and incisional satisfaction.Results:Compared MRND with GUA-MRND, the patients were younger ( P<0.05) , operative time and postoperative drainage anterior ( P<0.01) were slightly inferior in the latter, but it had obvious advantages in cervical swallowing discomfort and incision satisfaction evaluation ( P<0.05) . There was no significant difference in the incidence of temporary recurrent laryngeal nerve injury, intraoperative and postoperative bleeding, hematoma, infection, lymphatic or chylous leakage and supraclavicular numbness after surgery ( P>0.05) . The number of dissected lymph nodes in area II in the GUA-MRND was lower ( P<0.05) , but it was significantly higher ( P<0.01) in area III. And the average regional cleaning efficiency in the GUA-MRND was level Ⅲ (35.5%) , level Ⅵ (28.59%) , level Ⅳ (23.21%) , level Ⅱ (7.18%) and level Ⅴ (7.12%) , suggested that GUA-MRND had higher efficacy for level III, level Ⅵ and Level IV. Conclusion:GUA-MRND is safe, effective, and has high cosmetic satisfaction in the treatment of selected patients with lateral cervical lymph node metastases from papillary thyroid cancer.

Abstract Allergic diseases can occur in all systems of the body, covering the whole life cycle, from children to adults and to old age, can be lifelong onset and even fatal in severe cases. Children account for the largest proportion of the victims of allergic disease, Children s allergies start from scratch, ranging from mild to severe, from less to more, from single to multiple systems and systemic performance, so the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases in children is of great importance, which can not only prevent high risk allergic conditions from developing into allergic diseases, but also further block the process of allergy. At present, there is no consensus on the management system of allergic children in kindergartens and primary schools. The "Consensus on Allergy Management and Prevention in Kindergartens and Primary Schools", which includes the organizational structure, system construction and management of allergic children, provides evidence informed recommendations for the long term comprehensive management of allergic children in kindergartens and primary schools, and provides a basis for the establishment of the prevention system for allergic children.

Objective: To explore the association between light intensity physical activity (LPA) and sedentary behavior (SB) with body composition, so as to provide data references for improving adolescent physical health. Methods: From August 2020 to January 2021, general information of 694 students in grade one of a high school in Foshan City was collected, and the 24 hour activity behavior and body composition of the students were measured objectively by triaxial accelerometer and bioelectrical impedance tester. Dual component multivariate regression and dual compositional isotemporal substitution model were used to explore the relationship between LPA and SB and body composition. Results: LPA was associated with lower fat relative dominance (FRD) (male weekends FRD=-21.44%, female weekly FRD=-17.83%, weekdays FRD=-18.27%, P <0.05), and LPA was also associated with higher muscle relative dominance (MRD) and bone relative dominance (BRD) (male weekends MRD=12.78%, BRD= 12.87 %; female weekly MRD=11.64%, BRD=9.01%; female weekdays MRD=12.02%, BRD=9.23%, P <0.05). Replacing sedentary behavior (SB) with 10 minutes of LPA could reduce fat proportion [male:weekly -0.15(-0.26--0.04), weekdays -0.12 (-0.22--0.02); female:weekly -0.18(-0.27--0.08), weekdays -0.16(-0.25--0.07)) and increase muscle proportion (male:weekly 0.14(0.03-0.24), weekdays 0.11(0.02-0.21); female:weekly 0.17(0.07-0.26), weekdays 0.15(0.07-0.24)]. Conclusion Interrupting continuous SB with LPA can serve as an intervention measure to promote physical health and fitness in adolescents. School should encourage students to engage in frequent LPA during breaks and after school activities, while avoiding prolonged SB.

Objective:To analyze the clinical effect of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in the treatment of burn patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).Methods:The retrospective observational study and the systematic review were applied. From March 2014 to July 2020, five burn patients with ARDS received ECMO treatment in the First Affiliated Hospital of Army Medical University (the Third Military Medical University). All the five patients were male, aged from 40 to 62 years. The average total burn surface area was 58.8% total body surface area (TBSA) and four cases had severe inhalation injury. Patient's ECMO starting time, duration and mode, and whether successfully weaned or the cause of death, and others. were recorded. Furthermore, the changes of oxygenation and infection before, during, and after utilizing ECMO were analyzed. PubMed and Web of Science from the establishment of each database to August 2021 were searched using "Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation", "ECMO", "burn", "inhalation" as the search terms and "Title/Abstract" as the field to retrieve the clinical articles that meet the selection criteria . Basic information were extracted from the articles, including sample size, gender, age, total burn area, inhalation injury, the indication of ECMO, the start and lasting time of ECMO, ECMO mode, rate of successful weaning, complications of ECMO, mortality, the combined application of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT). Results:Five patients started venovenous ECMO on an average of 10.2 days after injury and lasted an average of 180.4 hours. Three out of 5 patients were weaned successfully with one patient survived. Four patients died of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and septic shock. Compared with those before ECMO treatment, the arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO 2) and oxygen saturation in arterial blood (SaO 2) of three successfully weaned patients obviously increased during and after ECMO treatment. The fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO 2) decreased below 50% and PaO 2/FiO 2 ratio increased above 200 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) during and after ECMO. Furthermore, lactic acid and respiratory rate decreased, basically. Compared with those before ECMO, PaO 2 and SaO 2 in the other two patients during ECMO, who failed to be weaned, continuously decreased while lactic acid increased. Before and during ECMO, the PaO 2/FiO 2 ratios of unsuccessfullg weaned cases were less than 200 mmHg, and partial pressure of carbon dioxide in arterial blood (PaCO 2) were more than 40 mmHg. Compared with those before ECMO, there were no significant changes in body temperature during and after ECMO, which were less than 38 ℃. Compared with those before ECMO, the leucocyte number (the index without this in unsuccessfully weaned cases was omitted, the same as below) in four patients showed a significant decrease during ECMO, but rose after removal of ECMO. The proportion of neutrophils in three patients were slightly higher during ECMO than before ECMO, and did not change significantly after removal of ECMO. Compared with those before ECMO, platelet counts in three patients were significantly reduced during ECMO, and all five patients during ECMO were below normal levels. Compared with those before ECMO, the procalcitonin levels in four deaths were significantly increased during ECMO. Catheter culture of microorganism was performed in three successfully weaned patients, all of which were negative. A total of 13 literature were included, ranging from 1990 to 2019. The sample size in 6 studies was less than 10, and the sample size in 4 studies was between 10 and 20, and only 2 literatures had a sample size larger than 50. ECMO was applied in 295 burn patients with overall mortality of 48.8% (144/295), including 157 adults and 138 children. The most common indication of ECMO was severe ARDS. Among 157 adult burn patients (95 males and 65 females), 36 cases had inhalation injury. The average burn area was 27%-37%TBSA in 5 reported studies and was more than 50%TBSA in 2 reported studies. The most common mode was venovenous ECMO. ECMO treatment began 26.5 hours to 7.4 days after injury and lasted from 90 hours to 18 days, and the rate of successful weaning ranged from 50% to 100%. The most common complications were bleeding and infection. The mortality was 52.9% (83/157). MODS and sepsis were the leading causes of death. Among 138 pediatric burn patients (77 boys and 61 girls), 29 patients had inhalation injury. The average burn area was 17%-50.2%TBSA in 3 studies. ECMO treatment lasted from 165.2 hours to 324.4 hours. Bleeding was the most common complication. The mortality was 44.2% (61/138). Conclusions:ECMO is an effective strategy for the salvage treatment of burns complicated with ARDS. Furthermore, the prevention and treatment of bleeding, infection and organ dysfunction should be emphasized during the use of ECMO. More importantly, evidence-based guidelines for burns are urgently needed to further improve the clinical effect of ECMO.

2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) is one of the beta coronaviruses and was identified as the pathogen of the severe "coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)" in 2019. China has formally included the 2019-nCoV in the statutory notification and control system for infectious diseases according to the Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases. Currently, the national defending actions on the 2019-nCoV in China is in a critical period. Burn Department is also confronted with risk of infection by the 2019-nCoV. According to the guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 (6^th trial edition), the latest relative literature at home and abroad, the features of the COVID-19, recommendations for the COVID-19 prevention and control issued by the National Health Commission of China, and management experience of diagnosis and treatment in the related disciplines, we put forward recommendations for the medical practices of burn treatment during the outbreak of the COVID-19 in outpatient and emergency treatment, inpatient treatment, operation and ward management, etc. We hope these recommendations could benefit the professionals of the same occupation as us and related hospital managers, improve the treatment of burn during the outbreak of the COVID-19, and avoid or reduce the risk of infection of medical staff .

This study describes the development of a wireless and wearable ECG monitoring system with ultra-low power consumption. The system is mainly composed of a connection part of an ECG electrode sticker, an electrocardiogram collecting part, a data storage part, a Bluetooth main control unit, a charging module, a voltage regulator and a lithium battery. The low-power ECG acquisition chip ADS1292R and the ultra-low-power Bluetooth microcontroller nRF51822 together constitute the ECG signal acquisition and wireless data communication part. The collected ECG signals can be sent to the mobile APP through the Bluetooth function provided by the MCU, and can completly display and analysis to achieve low power system. After testing, the system power consumption is only (3.7 V×2.87 mA)10.619 mW, and if it is optimized, it can further reduce power consumption, therefore, the system design can have good applicability.
Electric Power Supplies ; Electrocardiography ; Equipment Design ; Monitoring, Physiologic/instrumentation* ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Wearable Electronic Devices ; Wireless Technology

Objective:The characteristics and prognosis of ear fullness feeling in patients with all-frequency sudden deafness were explored.Method:104 patients (104 ears) with unilateral all-frequency sudden deafness were collected in study from June 2015 to March 2019, including 50 males and 54 females, the mean age ranged from 23-65 years, and the disease duration ranged from 1-9 days. Of those, 56 patients accompanied with the feeling of ear fullness (FEF) were enrolled into'the ear fullness group′, and 48 patients without FEF were included in'the without ear fullness group′. Patients′ treatment strategy followed the Chinese Medical Association Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of sudden deafness (2015). Moreover, VAS scale scores and subjective grading of FEF were acquired in patients with FEF. We analyzed the clinical characteristics and prognosis of FEF with SPSS 23.0 software.Results:There were no differences between the two groups in terms of age, gender, duration of disease, the side of deaf ear, degree of hearing loss, and auditory brainstem evoked potential results (age, t=1.566; gender,χ 2=0.001; duration, t=0.057; side,χ 2=0.033; degree of hearing loss Z=-0.180; ABR,χ 2=0.001;all P>0.05) . There was a positive correlation between the subjective grading of FEF and the degree of hearing loss in patients with FEF ( r=0.599, P<0.001) . The total rate of hearing improvement following one month of treatments in patients with FEF vs with no FEF was 35/56(62.5%) vs 28/48(58.3%) ( Z=-0.641, P=0.521). After one month of treatment, the total effective rate of FEF was 94.6%(53/56), and the improvement of FEF had nothing to improvement of hearing ( r=0.040, P=0.769) . Conclusions:The degree of hearing loss is positively correlated with the degree of FEF in patients with all-frequency sudden deafness. Hearing recovery is not related to FEF. The recovery effect of FEF is good, and has no correlation with hearing recovery.

BACKGROUND: A number of clinical trials addressing olfactory ensheathing cells for the treatment of chronic spinal cord injury have been conducted in the world, but the efficacy and safety are still controversial. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of olfactory ensheathing cell transplantation for chronic spinal cord injury, and to further compare its short-and long-term efficacy. METHODS: PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, CNKI and WanFang databases were searched at July 23, 2018 for retrieval of clinical trials addressing olfactory ensheathing cells in the treatment of chronic spinal cord injury. Types and cases of adverse events during the safety trial should be recorded in detail. In the enrolled studies, American Spinal Injury Association scale was used to assess the motor, light touch, and pinprick scores of spinal cord injury patients before and after cell transplantation. The follow-up time was recorded. Systematic evaluation of efficacy data was performed using Review Manager 5.3. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Both short-and long-term follow-up data showed that the neurological function of patients was significantly improved after olfactory ensheathing cell transplantation (P < 0.05) , and the results were homogeneous (I2 < 50％ and P> 0.1). However, the long-term efficacy was not as good as the short-term efficacy, which may be related to chronic rejection and olfactory ensheathing cell survival. The overall adverse event rate was 8.99％, and no complications associated with olfactory ensheathing cells occurred. These findings show that olfactory ensheathing cell transplantation is effective and safe in the treatment of chronic spinal cord injury, but it is still necessary to explore more minimally invasive approaches to reduce surgical complications. In addition, a large number of high-quality experiments and clinical trials are warranted to confirm factors affecting the long-term efficacy of olfactory ensheathing cell transplantation.