Objective To investigate the health status of high-temperature workers in Longhua District, Shenzhen City. Methods A total of 10 323 high-temperature workers in Longhua District from 2019 to 2022 were selected as the research subjects using the judgment sampling method. Their in-service occupational medical examination results during employment were collected and analyzed by grouping. Results The abnormal rates of urinalysis, blood pressure, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), electrocardiogram (ECG), and blood glucose among the research subjects were 34.9%, 12.5%, 8.5%, 7.6%, and 7.2%, respectively. Women had a higher rate of abnormal urinalysis than men (63.0% vs 25.9%, P<0.01), while men had higher rates of abnormal blood pressure and serum ALT than women (13.5% vs 9.4%, 10.2% vs 3.1%, both P<0.01). The abnormal rates of urinalysis, blood pressure, ECG, and blood glucose among the research subjects increased with age (all P<0.05), while the abnormal rate of serum ALT decreased with age (P<0.01). The abnormal rates of blood pressure and blood glucose increased with the length of high-temperature work time (all P<0.01). The most common occupation exposed to high temperatures was injection molding (accounting for 22.2%). The abnormal rates of urinalysis, blood pressure, serum ALT, ECG, and blood glucose among different occupations had significant differences (all P<0.01). Among them, injection molding workers had the highest rate of abnormal urinalysis (43.5%), while inflation film workers had the highest rate of abnormal blood pressure (24.2%). Conclusion The health status of high-temperature workers in Longhua District is concerning. Priority should be given to addressing abnormalities in urinalysis, ALT, ECG, blood pressure, and blood glucose. Occupational medical examinations should focus on elder workers and those with long high-temperature work time.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of the nomogram model based on multiparametric MRI combined with clinical features for differential diagnosis of benign and malignant breast imaging reporting and data system (BI-RADS) 4 lesions.Methods:This study was a cross-sectional study. Clinical and imaging data of 56 patients (66 lesions) with pathologically confirmed BI-RADS 4 breast lesions from January 2020 to June 2022 at Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were all females aged 42 (17, 71) years old. All patients underwent the breast MRI, including T 1WI, T 2WI, diffusion-weighted imaging, diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), and dynamic-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI), and the patient clinical characteristics, imaging characteristics as well as relevant MRI quantitative parameters were recorded. Comparisons of the indicators of benign and malignant BI-RADS 4 lesions were performed by sample t-test , Mann-Whitney U, or χ 2 test. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression was utilized to further select indicators with statistically significant differences in univariate analyses, and finally, nomogram models were constructed and reclassified all the lesions. Results:Of the 66 lesions in 56 patients, 24 lesions were found in 24 malignant patients and 42 lesions in 32 benign patients. The differences in age, body mass index, and menopausal status between benign and malignant patients were statistically significant (all P<0.05); the differences in tumor longest diameter, type of lesion enhancement, time-single intensity curve type, mean diffusivity and mean kurtosis (MK) between benign and malignant lesions were statistically significant (all P<0.05). After feature selection, MK ( OR=27.952, 95% CI 1.301-600.348, P=0.033), age ( OR=1.140, 95%CI 1.040-1.249, P=0.005), and the type of lesion enhancement ( OR=0.045, 95%CI 0.006-0.316, P=0.005) were the independent influences in predicting BI-RADS 4 malignant lesions. Using this to construct a nomogram model, its area under the curve for predicting BI-RADS 4 malignant lesions was 0.946, and the accuracy of reclassifying 66 BI-RADS 4 lesions as benign versus malignant was 86.36% (57/66). Conclusion:The nomogram model constructed with MK from DKI parameters, the type of lesion enhancement from DCE-MRI, and age is valuable in diagnosing the benign and malignant nature of BI-RADS 4 lesions.

Objective:To investigate the value of multi-parameter MRI habitat imaging in differentiating human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression in breast cancer.Methods:This study was cross-sectional. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical and imaging data of 86 cases of primary invasive breast cancer confirmed by pathology at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University from August 2018 to July 2023. All patients were female, aged 33 to 74 (51±10) years. All patients underwent breast MRI examinations, including T 1WI, T 2WI, diffusion-weighted imaging and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI. The fuzzy C-means clustering algorithm was applied to cluster analysis of the volume ratio of the extracellular extravascular space (V e), the rate constant (K ep), the volume transfer constant (K trans), and the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) for all lesions. Different habitat subregions were segmented based on breast cancer. Blood perfusion of the lesion was quantified through mean values of K trans and K ep, and cell proliferation was evaluated by the mean values of ADC and V e in each subregion. Additionally, the percentage of each subregion′s volume in relation to the total lesion volume was calculated. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the differences in the volume percentages of various habitat subregions between different HER2 expression status. The diagnostic performance of statistically significant parameters in determining HER2 status was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic curves and the area under the curve (AUC). Results:Among the 86 patients with invasive breast cancer, 27 were HER2 positive and 59 were HER2 negative. Among the HER2 negative patients, 37 had low and 22 had zero HER2 expression. The volume percentages of habitat subregions 1, 2, and 3 showed statistically significant differences between HER2 positive and HER2 negative patients ( Z=2.90, P=0.004; Z=-2.04, P=0.042; Z=-2.19, P=0.029), with AUC values of 0.696, 0.638, and 0.648, respectively, for predicting HER2 positive expression. The volume percentage of habitat subregion 2 showed a statistically significant difference between low and zero HER2 expression patients ( Z=2.85, P=0.004), with an AUC value of 0.724 for predicting low versus zero HER2 expression. Conclusions:The volume percentage of habitat subregion 1 effectively distinguishes HER2 status, and the volume percentage of habitat subregion 2 effectively distinguishes between low and zero HER2 expression patients. It has significant clinical implications for identifying potential candidates for HER2-targeted therapy.

Objective To investigate the expression of miR-204 and silence information regulator 1(SIRT1)in colorectal cancer and their clinical value.Methods Cancer tissue specimens and paracancer tissue specimens of 60 patients with colorectal cancer treated in Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery of Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University from May 2018 to June 2020 were collected as study objects.Real time fluorogenic quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the gene expression of miR-204 and SIRT1,and the correlation between miR-204 and SIRT1 gene expression was compared by Pearson analysis.Immunohistochemical SABC method was used to detect SIRT1 protein expression,and relationship between different SIRT1 protein expression and clinicopathological features was compared.Kaplan-Meier method was used to analyze the survival difference of colorectal cancer patients with different SIRT1 protein expression.Results The mRNA expression of miR-204 gene in cancer tissues was significantly lower than that in paracancer tissues(P<0.05),and the mRNA expression of SIRT1 gene was significantly higher than that in paracancer tissues(P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that miR-204 was negatively correlated with SIRT1 mRNA expression in both paracancer tissues and cancer tissues(r=-0.647,-0.737,P<0.05).The expression of SIRT1 protein was correlated with the differentiation level,invasion level,lymph node metastasis and TNM stage of colorectal cancer(P<0.05),but not with patient age,gender,tumor size and tumor site(P>0.05).Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the survival rate of patients with positive expression of SIRT1 in cancer tissues was significantly lower than that of patients with negative expression of SIRT1(χ2=5.001,P=0.025).Conclusion The expression of miR-204 is down-regulated and SIRT1 expression is up-regulated in colorectal cancer tissues,which may jointly promote the metastasis and invasion of colorectal cancer and affect the prognosis of patients through mutual influence.

To understand how the nervous system develops from a small pool of progenitors during early embryonic development, it is fundamentally important to identify the diversity of neuronal subtypes, decode the origin of neuronal diversity, and uncover the principles governing neuronal specification across different regions. Recent single-cell analyses have systematically identified neuronal diversity at unprecedented scale and speed, leaving the deconstruction of spatiotemporal mechanisms for generating neuronal diversity an imperative and paramount challenge. In this review, we highlight three distinct strategies deployed by neural progenitors to produce diverse neuronal subtypes, including predetermined, stochastic, and cascade diversifying models, and elaborate how these strategies are implemented in distinct regions such as the neocortex, spinal cord, retina, and hypothalamus. Importantly, the identity of neural progenitors is defined by their spatial position and temporal patterning factors, and each type of progenitor cell gives rise to distinguishable cohorts of neuronal subtypes. Microenvironmental cues, spontaneous activity, and connectional pattern further reshape and diversify the fate of unspecialized neurons in particular regions. The illumination of how neuronal diversity is generated will pave the way for producing specific brain organoids to model human disease and desired neuronal subtypes for cell therapy, as well as understanding the organization of functional neural circuits and the evolution of the nervous system.
Humans ; Neural Stem Cells/physiology* ; Neurons/physiology* ; Brain ; Spinal Cord ; Embryonic Development ; Cell Differentiation/physiology*

Objective:To explore the value of the static and dynamic pelvic floor MRI and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in evaluating the morphology and function of urethra in patients with stress urinary incontinence (SUI).Methods:From July 2020 to February 2021, a total of 28 patients with SUI and 45 age-matched healthy controls were prospectively collected at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University. The static and dynamic pelvic floor MRI and DTI were performed for all subjects. The thickness of internal and external sphincter of middle urethra were measured on static MRI images. The functional urethral length (FUL) was measured both on static and maximal strain phase of dynamic MRI images, then the difference of FUL was calculated. The presence of bladder neck funneling and urethra opening were observed on static and dynamic MRI. The muscle fiber bundle image of urethral sphincter complex was obtained by post-processing of DTI original images. The anisotropy fraction (FA), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and three eigenvalues (λ1, λ2, λ3) of annular sphincter and central longitudinal muscle in middle urethra were measured. The independent sample t test and chi-square test were used to analyse the difference of measured parameters in MRI, parameters of DTI and imaging signs between the two groups. Results:Compared with healthy controls, the SUI patients showed that the thickness of external sphincter in middle urethral and FUL in static status and maximal strain phase were significantly decreased ( t=-3.95, -5.72, -8.41, all P<0.001), the difference of FUL between static status and maximal strain phase was significantly increased ( t=4.41, P<0.001). The positive rate of bladder neck funneling in static status and maximal strain phase, urethral opening in maximal strain phase of SUI group increased significantly (χ2=23.09 , 22.25, 26.59, all P<0.001). In SUI group, the FA value of middle urethral annular sphincter decreased significantly ( t=-3.48, P=0.001), while the ADC, λ2 and λ3 values increased significantly ( t=3.19, 2.15 , 2.06, and P=0.002, 0.038 , 0.046, respectively). There was no significant difference in DTI parameters of middle urethral longitudinal muscle between the two groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions:Static and dynamic MRI and DTI techniques can objectively evaluate the changes of urethral morphology and function of SUI patients. The thinning of the external sphincter in the middle urethra, shortening of the FUL and the destruction of the microstructure of the annular sphincter fiber bundle were the main alterations of SUI patients.

Background: Xylazole (Xyl) is a veterinary anesthetic that is structurally and functionally similar to xylazine. However, the effects of Xyl in vitro remain unknown. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the anesthetic mechanism of Xyl using fetal rat nerve cells treated with Xyl. Methods: Fetal rat nerve cells cultured for seven days were treated with 10, 20, 30, and 40 μg/ mL Xyl for 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min. Variations of amino acid neurotransmitters (AANTs), Nitric oxide-Cyclic GMP (NO-cGMP) signaling pathway, and ATPase were evaluated. Results: Xyl decreased the levels of cGMP and NO in nerve cells. Furthermore, Xyl affected the AANT content and Na+ -K+ -ATPase and Ca2+ -Mg2+ -ATPase activity in nerve cells. These findings suggested that Xyl inhibited the NO-cGMP signaling pathway in nerve cells in vitro. Conclusions This study provided new evidence that the anesthetic and analgesic effects of Xyl are related to the inhibition of the NO-cGMP signaling pathway.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical effect of Limb dysfunction after the comprehensive treatment of ischemic stroke by Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM).Methods:A total of 160 patients with limb dysfunction after ischemic stroke. Who in line with the inclusion criteria, were randomly divided into 2 groups by random number table, 80 cases each. These patients were treated in Multicenter Union Hospital from June 2017 to Janunry 2019. The patients in the control group were given basic Western medicine treatment and rehabilitation training, while the patients in the observation group were given a comprehensive treatment combined with traditional Chinese medicine based on the control group (Chinese herbs, herbal fumigation and ear point press). Both groups were treated for 4 weeks and follow-up for 2 months. The Fugl-Meyerscale were used to evaluate the degree of limb dysfunction and balance dysfunction, the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale were used for assessing the damage extent of nerve function, the Barthel index for evaluating the mobility of daily life. The clinical efficacy was evaluated according to the method of Brunnstrom assessment.Results:After treatment, the Limb strong spasm (1.57 ± 0.36 vs. 1.98 ± 0.53, t=5.724), Hemianesthesia (1.37 ± 0.31 vs. 1.80 ± 0.36, t=8.096), Inhibited bending and stretching (1.31 ± 0.25 vs. 1.84 ± 0.46, t=9.055) in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01). The Fugl-Meyer activity and balance rating in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( t values were 2.739, 4.705, respectively, P<0.05 or P<0.01). The total effective rate of observation group was 93.3% (78/80), the control group was 73.3% (71/80), and there exist statistical significance ( χ2=4.783, P=0.028) in the two group’s comparative difference. Conclusion:The comprehensive TCM treatment can improve the hemiplegia syndrome of ischemic stroke patients and their limb activity and balance function, promote their neural functional recovery, enhance the activity of their daily life and clinical efficacy.

Objective:To explore the application value of preoperative multimodal image fusion 3D reconstruction technology in brain tumor surgery.Methods:The preoperative cranial CT and MR imaging data of 46 patients with brain tumors admitted to our hospital from October 2019 to September 2020 were collected. The image registration and fusion of above imaging data were performed by AW workstation software (GE company), and 3D reconstruction was performed to construct 3D digital anatomic image of brain tumor and its surrounding anatomic structure. Based on this, the surgical approach and surgical plan were designed, and its application value was evaluated by consistency grading.Results:The reconstructed 3D digital anatomical image could clearly show the size, location, shape of the tumors and the anatomical relationships between the tumors and surrounding structures, which was consistent with the original image before and during the surgery. Among the 46 patients, 43 were completely resected and 3 were partially resected. There were no approach-related complications after surgery. The application value of preoperative 3D image fusion was evaluated as 36 with outstanding value, 8 with value, and 2 without value.Conclusion:Preoperative multimodal image fusion 3D reconstruction technology can provide a large amount of visual information during brain tumor surgery, guide the choice of surgical approach and precise resection of tumors.

Genomic studies of cancer cell alterations,such as mutations,copy number variations(CNVs),and translocations,greatly promote our understanding of the genesis and development of cancers.However,the 3D genome architecture of cancers remains less studied due to the complexity of cancer genomes and technical difficulties.To explore the 3D genome structure in clin-ical lung cancer,we performed Hi-C experiments using paired normal and tumor cells harvested from patients with lung cancer,combining with RNA sequenceing analysis.We demonstrated the feasibility of studying 3D genome of clinical lung cancer samples with a small number of cells(1×104),compared the genome architecture between clinical samples and cell lines of lung cancer,and identified conserved and changed spatial chromatin structures between normal and cancer sam-ples.We also showed that Hi-C data can be used to infer CNVs and point mutations in cancer.By integrating those different types of cancer alterations,we showed significant associations between CNVs,3D genome,and gene expression.We propose that 3D genome mediates the effects of cancer genomic alterations on gene expression through altering regulatory chromatin structures.Our study highlights the importance of analyzing 3D genomes of clinical cancer samples in addition to cancer cell lines and provides an integrative genomic analysis pipeline for future larger-scale studies in lung cancer and other cancers.