Objective To analyze the regulation of gene expression by adenosine deaminase RNA specific 1(ADAR1)in cervical cancer cell line Hela using RNA-seq technology and provide theoretical basis for understanding the role of ADAR1 in the occurrence and progression of cervical cancer.Methods RNA-seq sequencing of normal and ADAR1 knockdown Hela cell lines to identify differentially expressed genes.By conducting enrichment analysis using KEGG Pathway,GO cellular,and GSEA,the study analyzes the relevant signaling pathways and biological processes involving ADAR1 in Hela cell lines.Results Differentially expressed genes are mainly enriched in immune and inflammation-related signaling pathways(such as TNF-α/NF-κB,NIK/NF-κB,Jak/Stat-IL-6),Hippo signaling pathway,TGF-β signaling pathway,and are involved in interferon response,cellular amino acid metabo-lism regulation,protein ubiquitination/deubiquitination,viral transcription,and other biological processes.Further analysis of the NF-κB signaling pathway revealed a significant increase in the mRNA expression levels of NF-κB1 and TRAF5 after ADAR1 knockdown.Conclusion ADAR1 may regulate the expression of NF-κB signaling pathway-related factors and thereby regulate the occurrence and development of cervical cancer.

Objective:To analyze the factors affecting olfactory disfunctions in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP).Methods:This was a retrospective analysis. Eighty-eight patients with CRSwNP who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery in Beijing Anzhen Hospital from 2014 to 2018 were enrolled, including 22 males and 66 females, with the age of (48.1±11.3) years old(Mean±SD). Sniffin′ Sticks olfactory test, Lund-Mackay score and modified sinus CT olfactory cleft score, nasal resistance and acoustic reflex examination, blood routine and blood biochemistry test, serum specific IgE test were performed before surgery and nasal polyps of all patients were collected for eosinophil count during surgery. According to bilateral total TDI score, the patients were divided into normal olfactory function group and olfactory disfunction group. The clinical baseline data were compared between the two groups. According to the results of single factor analysis, factors which were significant different between the two groups and clinically useful indicators were further included in the multivariate Logistic regression model analysis, then a model predicting olfactory disfunction in patients with CRSwNP was initially established. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:Among 88 patients with CRSwNP, 32 (36.4%) patients were with normal olfaction and 56 (63.6%) patients were with olfactory disfunction, including 40 (45.5%) of hyposmia and 16 (18.2%) of anosmia. Tissue eosinophil count, blood eosinophil percentage and blood urea concentration had significant difference between the two groups (12.7[2.0, 52.3]/HP ( M[ P25, P75]) vs 38.6[16.2, 87.0]/HP, 2.75[1.60, 4.80]% vs 4.35[2.50, 6.60]%, (5.56±1.15) mmol/L vs (4.98±1.33) mmol/L, all P<0.05). Modified sinus CT olfactory cleft score and Lund-Mackay score except for ostiomeatal complex score were statistically significant between the two groups (all P<0.05). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the bilateral and total olfactory cleft score and blood urea concentration were statistically significant, in addition, the bilateral and total olfactory cleft score was a risk factor ( OR=2.108, 95 %CI: 1.407-3.159, P<0.001) and blood urea within a certain concentration was a protective factor ( OR=0.461, 95 %CI: 0.240-0.884, P=0.020). Further studies found that the area under the ROC curve of the model with tissue eosinophil count, blood eosinophil percentage, bilateral and total olfactory cleft score, total inspiratory volume and blood urea concentration was 0.888 ( P<0.01), which had good predictive value for olfactory disorders in CRSwNP. Conclusions:The modified sinus CT olfactory cleft score is closely related to the olfactory disorders in patients with CRSwNP. A certain degree of elevated blood urea concentration may have a protective effect on the olfactory function of patients with CRSwNP.

Objective: To investigate the brain volume alterations in patients with hyposmia using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and to correlate these alterations with the degree and duration of hyposmia. Methods: Forty patients with hyposmia from Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Anzhen Hospital since 2013 to 2016 and forty age and sex matched normal subjects were recruited in this study. Sniffin′ Sticks olfactory test was performed to evaluate the olfactory function of all subjects. We acquired T1-weighted magnetic resonance images from all subject on a 3T scanner. VBM was performed using VBM8 toolbox and SPM8 in a Matlab environment. Independent sample t test analysis was used to compare the volume of gray and white matter between the controls and patients. In addition, the Pearson or Spearman correlation analysis was used for the correlation between the voxel value of cerebral volume alterations area and the degree and duration of hyposmia on patients (threshold discrimination identification, TDI). Results: Compared with the controls, patients showed significantly decreased volume in the gray matter of right orbitofrontal cortex (number of voxel in clusters was 226, t=-4.46, P<0.001, uncorrected). There was negative correlation between decreased gray matter volume of the right orbitofrontal cortex with significantly decreased area and the TDI results (r=-0.40, P=0.01), but positive correlation with duration of hyposmia (r=0.37, P=0.02). Conclusions The patients with hyposmia show gray matter atrophy of the right orbitofrontal cortex. The duration may be an important risk factor for decreased gray matter in patients with hyposmia.

BACKGROUND:Buyanghuanwu decoction has excel ent neuroprotective effect and can efficiently suppress nerve cel apoptosis caused by cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect and mechanisms of Buyanghuanwu decoction on neuronal apoptosis around hematoma in cerebral hemorrhage rats.
METHODS:Seventy-two adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham operation group, model group, Buyanghuanwu decoction group, and Ginkgo biloba group. Except the sham operation group, rat models of cerebral hemorrhage were established in other three groups. At 2 days after modeling, rats in the Buyanghuanwu group and Ginkgo biloba group were given Buyanghuanwu decoction 26 g/(kg?d)and Ginkgo biloba 3.5 mg/(kg?d) daily by gavage, for 14 consecutive days. Rats in the sham operation group and model group received an equal volume of saline for 14 consecutive days. After the last administration, brain tissue was obtained. TUNEL assay was utilized to detect neuronal apoptosis. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect PI3K, Akt, Bcl-2, and BAX protein expression. Wet and dry weight method was used to detect brain water content. Evans Blue assay was utilized to determine blood-brain barrier permeability.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) Compared with the sham operation group, the number of apoptotic neurons, brain water content, Evans blue content and PI3K, Akt, Bcl-2, BAX protein expression increased in the model group (P<0.05). (2) Compared with the model group, the number of apoptotic neurons, BAX protein expression, brain water content and Evans blue content were significantly reduced in the Buyanghuanwu group and Ginkgo biloba group (P<0.05), but PI3K, Akt and Bcl-2 protein expression was significantly increased (P<0.05). (3) Results suggested that Buyanghuanwu decoction inhibited neuronal apoptosis and protected brain tissue by reducing blood-brain barrier permeability, cerebral edema, and by activating PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, regulating Bcl-2 and BAX protein expression ratio.

BACKGROUND:Buyang HuanwuDecoction is commonly used in clinical medicine in treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage. Previous studies have been found that it has excelent neuroprotective effect, can efficiently inhibit the apoptosis of nervecels. Autophagic activity is closely related to apoptosis of nerve cels. CXCR4-PI3K autophagy signaling pathway has been verified in clinic. However, the effect of Buyang HuanwuDecoction is poorly understood. There is no study on Beclin-1 in the neuroprotective studies ofBuyang HuanwuDecoction.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the effects ofBuyang HuanwuDecoction on CXCR4-PI3K autophagy signaling pathway and Beclin-1 in rats with cerebral hemorrhage and related mechanisms.
METHODS:According to Rosenberg method, a rat model of cerebral hemorrhage was replicated and intragastricaly administeredBuyang HuanwuDecoction. Western blot assay was used to measure Beclin-1 protein. Immunohistochemical method was utilized to detect the expression of PI3K, AKT, stromal cel derived factor 1 and CXCR-4 protein. TUNEL assay was applied to identify apoptosis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1) After administration,Buyang HuanwuDecoction could reduce the number of neuronal apoptosis in rats with intracerebral hemorrhage, up-regulate the expression of Beclin-1, PI3K, AKT, stromal cel derived factor 1, and CXCR-4 protein, and exert neuroprotective effect. (2)Buyang HuanwuDecoction could activate CXCR4-PI3K autophagy signal transduction pathway, both to stimulate autophagy and to regulate autophagy state, can inhibit apoptosis, and exert cerebral protective effect.

PURPOSE: Pulmonary Kv channels are thought to play a crucial role in the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis. Previous studies have shown that fluoxetine upregulated the expression of Kv1.5 and prevented pulmonary arterial hypertension in monocrotaline-induced or hypoxia-induced rats and mice. The current study was designed to test how fluoxetine regulates Kv1.5 channels, subsequently promoting apoptosis in human PASMCs cultured in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Human PASMCs were incubated with low-serum DMEM, ET-1, and fluoxetine with and without ET-1 separately for 72 h. Then the proliferation, apoptosis, and expression of TRPC1 and Kv1.5 were detected. RESULTS: In the ET-1 induced group, the upregulation of TRPC1 and down regulation of Kv1.5 enhanced proliferation and anti-apoptosis, which was reversed when treated with fluoxetine. The decreased expression of TRPC1 increased the expression of Kv1.5, subsequently inhibiting proliferation while promoting apoptosis. CONCLUSION: The results from the present study suggested that fluoxetine protects against big endothelin-1 induced anti-apoptosis and rescues Kv1.5 channels in human pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells, potentially by decreasing intracellular concentrations of Ca2+.
Apoptosis/drug effects/genetics ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Proliferation/drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelin-1/*pharmacology ; Flow Cytometry ; Fluoxetine/*pharmacology ; Humans ; Kv1.5 Potassium Channel/genetics/*metabolism ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/*cytology/drug effects ; Pulmonary Artery/*cytology ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

Objective It is controversial to the surgical treatment of the DeBakey I aortic dissection.The purpose of the study was to summarize the clinical experience on total arch replacement combined with implantation of stented elephant trunk into the descending aorta for DeBakey I aortic dissection.Methods From June 2005 to March 2008,41 consecutive patients with acute(in 31)or chronic(in 10)DeBakey I aortic dissection underwent total arch replacement combined with implantation of stented elephant trunk into the descending aorta.The mean age was 57(27～76)years.Thirty-two patients were male.The procedure was performed under deep hypothermic circulatory arrest and selected cerebral perfusion.The stented elephant trunk was implanted through the aortic arch under deep hypothermic circulatory arrest.The stented elephant trunk was an 8～10 cm long self-expandable graft.Concomitant procedures included Bentall operation and total arch replacement in 24,Wheat operation and total arch replacement in 6,ascending aorta and total arch replacement in 11.Computed tomography was performed in every patient before discharge to evaluate the postoperative outcomes of the procedure.Results Cardiopulmonary bypass time was(168±32)min.The cross clamp time was(109±24)min and selective cerebral perfusion and the lowerbody circulatory arrest time wsa(31±11)min.The in-hospital mortality was 4.9%(2/41).One patient died of hemorrhagic shock and another died of multi-organ failure postoperatively.Fourteen cases suffered complications and 12 cases were cured.One case died of the cerebral hemorrhage after 4 months due to inappropriate anticoagulation during follow up.Conclusion Ascending aorta and total aortic arch replacement combined with implantation of stented trunk into descending aorta is a safe,effective and feasible way in closing the residual false lumen of the descending aorta with a low morbidity and mortality.This procedure might contribute to a better long-term outcomes of DeBakey I aortic dissection.

Objective To summarise the clinical experience on the treatment of aortic dissection with stent-graft. Methods From June 2005 to November 2008, 117 patients with aortic dissection underwent surgery with stented elephant trunk (CRONUS stent-graft)which was implanted through the aortic arch under deep hypothermic circulatory arrest, including Stanford A in 50 patients who underwent Bentall operation and total arch grafting with stented elephant trunk operation in 28, Wheat operation and total arch grafting with stented elephant trunk operation in 8, ascending aorta and total arch replacement with stented elephant trunk operation in 14 and Stanford B in 67 patients who all underwent stented elephant trunk operation. Results The location of the entry was in the ascending aorta in 35 patients, the aortic arch in 4, the proximal descending aorta in 78. Cardiopulmonary bypass time was ( 159 ±31 ) min, average cross clamp time was (95 ±23) min, and average selected cerebral perfusion and lowerbody arrest time was (27 ±8) min. The in-hospital mortality was 2.6% (3/117). One patient died of the hemorrhage shock, one died of multi-organ failure postoperatively and the third died of infective endocarditis. The complications included transient neurologic deficit in 11(9.4%), cerebrovascular accident in 6 (5. 1%, cerebral embolism in 2 and cerebral hemorrhage in 4, of which 5 cases were discharged from hospital. One case died of multiorgan failure 18 days after discharge owing to his family' s giving up treatment), hemorrhage of anastomose which was treated by reoperation in 5,hoarseness in 2, renal failure in 1. One case died of the cerebral hemorrhage after 4 months due to inappropriate anticoagulation during following up. Conclusion The treatment of the aortic dissection with stent-graft which was implanted into the descending aorta through aorta arch is safe, effective and feasible, which will be helpful to vascular reconstruction by accurately close subintimal rip and can streamline surgery with minimally invasive and less complications.

Objective To establish a stable,repeatable and long-lasting rat model of myocardial infarction,and to evaluate the feasibility of monitoring electrophysiological changes and left ventricular function after myocardial infarction by electrocardiography (ECG) and ultrasonic cardiography(UCG). Methods Wistar rats were ligated on the left anterior descending coronary artery after anaesthesia with 10% chloral hydrate and machinery assisted respiration. Then they were monitored by ECG and UCG afer 4,8 and 12 weeks,and were sacrificed and pathologically examined at 12 weeks after operation. Results The rat model of myocardial infarction was established with a survival rate of 83.3% at 72 hours after the operation and 73.3% at 12 weeks after the operation. In the myocardial infarction group,the PR,QRS,QT and QTc intervals were statistically significantly longer than that in the sham operation group. UCG showed that the left ventricular internal diameter at end-diastole (LVIDd) and the left ventricular internal diameter at end-systole (LVIDs) were statiscally significantly higher in the infarction group,and the ejection fraction (EF) and fractional shortening (FS) significantly lower than those in the sham operation group. Long-lasting pathological changes can be seen in the tissues at 12 weeks after operation. Conclusions The method used in the present study is an simple,less injurious and highly successful technique,and the changes in electrophysiology and left ventricular function can be well monitored by ECG and UCG at different times during this period.

BACKGROUND: Stem cell transplantation in repairing infarct myocardium and in improving cardiac function has been widely accepted. However, whether transplanted cells and host cells formed an effective electricity and mechanical couple, whether a relevant independent electrical system with contractile function formed or whether severe malignant ventricular arrhythmia formed, are still unclear.OBJECTIVE: To investigate electrophysiological abnormaltiy and left ventricular remodeling in rats with myocardial infarction following allogenic bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) transplantation.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: The randomized controlled animal study was performed at the Experimental Center, Guangxi Medical University from December 2005 to October 2008.MATERIALS: A total of 120 healthy Wistar rats were equally randomized into normal control, sham operation, saline control and cell transplantation groups. Healthy Wister rats aged 1 month were selected to harvest bone marrow.METHODS: At the third passage, rat BMSCs were collected and treated with 5-aza, and differentiated into cerdiomyocytes.BMSCs were labeled with DAPI at 2 hours before transplantation. In the saline control and cell transplantation groups, rat models of myocardial infarction were established by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery. In the sham operation group, the coronary artery was not ligated, but only braid. At 7 days following ligation, BMSCs in the cell transplantation group at 2×10-1/L were infused into the edge and center of myocardial infarct region by multipoint injection. Rats in the other three groups were subjected to an equal volume of saline.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Electrocardiogram and cardiac electrophysiology were performed. Ultrasonic cardiography was used to detect left ventricular function. Infarct size was determined. DAPl-labeled donor cell migration and distribution was observed with a fluorescence microscope.RESULTS: BMSCs could differentiate into cardiacmuscle cell-like cells which were capable of pulsing spontaneously, expressing cardiactoponin T and forming myofilament in vitro. Compared with the saline control group, PR interval, QRS duration and ventdcular effective refractory period shortened, ventricular fibrillation threshold increased at 4, 8 and 12 weeks (P < 0.05); left ventricular internal diameter at end-systole reduced, and left ventricular ejection fraction and shortening traction was significantly increased (P< 0.05). At 8 and 12 weeks, infarct size was significantly smaller (P < 0.05). At 4 weeks, DAPl-labeled BMSCs could be seen under the fluorescence microscope, and still could he detected at 12 weeks. However, the fluorescence became weak with prolonged time.CONCLUSION: BMSCs have the plasticity of differentiating into cardiac muscle cell-like cells, which can modulate theelectrophysiological abnormality and left ventricular remodeling following myocardial infarction.