Aim To investigate the effect of quercetin on the aging model of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells established under microgravity. Methods Using 3D gyroscope, a aging model of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells was constructed, and after receiving quercetin and microgravity treatment, the anti-aging effect of the quercetin was evaluated by detecting related proteins and oxidation indexes. Results Compared to the control group, the expressions of age-related proteins p21, pi6, p53 and RB in the microgravity group significantly increased, while the expressions of cyclin D1 and lamin B1 significantly decreased, with statistical significance (P<0.05). In the microgravity group, mitochondrial membrane potential significantly decreased (P<0.05), ROS accumulation significantly increased (P <0.05), SOD content significantly decreased and MDA content significantly increased (P<0.05). Compared to the microgravity group, the expressions of age-related proteins p21, pi6, p53 and RB in the quercetin group significantly decreased, while the expressions of cyclin D1 and lamin B1 significantly increased, with statistical significance (P<0.05). In the quercetin group, mitochondrial membrane potential significantly increased (P<0.05), ROS accumulation significantly decreased (P<0.05), SOD content significantly increased and MDA content significantly decreased (P<0.05). Conclusions Quercetin can resist oxidation, protect mitochondrial function and normal cell cycle, thus delaying the aging of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells induced by microgravity.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of histone deacetylase(HDAC)inhibitor chidamide combined with the PD-1 inhibitor on CD8+ T cells anti-cancer function in OVA-expressing MC38(MC38-OVA)colorectal-bearing mice.Methods Animal experiments:C57BL/6 tumor models were constructed by subcutaneously injecting MC38-OVA colorectal cancer cells into the back of mice.We randomized mice into control group,chidamide group,anti-PD-1 group and chidamide+anti-PD-1 group(20 each group).We monitored the tumor growth and animal survival rate of each group;we employed a flow-based method to detect the number and ratio of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells,CD8+IFN-γ+ T cells,OVA antigen-specific CD8+ T cells,and the expression changes of regulatory T cells(Treg),myeloid-derived suppressor cells(MDSC),and tumor-associated macrophages(TAM).Cell experiments:We used a flow-based method to detect the apoptosis of CD8+ T cells and MC38-OVA tumor cells after 0,10,25,50,100,or 200 nmol/L chidamide treatment.The proliferation of CD8+ T cells and MC38-OVA tumor cells treated with 0 and 100 nmol/L chidamide was detected by Ki-67 antibody labeling and cell counting.To evaluate CD8+ T cell killing ability,we treated CD8+ T cells with various conditions(control group,chidamide group,anti-PD-1 group and chidamide+anti-PD-1 group)followed by co-culture with MC38-OVA tumor cells,using the flow-based method.In the condition that CD8+ T cells treated with 0 and 100 nmol/L chidamide co-cultured with the same number of MC38-OVA tumor cells,the expression of CD107a was detected by flow cytometry.Results Compared with control group,the tumor growth was inhibited(P<0.05)while the survival rate was improved(P<0.01)in chidamide+anti-PD-1 group.The number of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells was significantly higher in chidamide group,anti-PD-1 group and chidamide+anti-PD-1 group than that in control group(P<0.05).Nonetheless,the ratio and levels of CD8+IFN-γ+ and OVA antigen-specific CD8+ T cells were significantly higher in chidamide+anti-PD-1 group than those in other groups(P<0.05).The in vitro experiment results showed that chidamide could enhance the killing ability of CD8+ T cells and the expression of CD107a.Conclusion Chidamide combined with PD-1 inhibitor significantly enhanced the number and function of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells and increased antigen-specific CD8+ T cells,which will provide a theoretical and experimental basis for the combination of chidamide in clinical solid tumor immunotherapy.

Objective:To investigate the prognosis of patients with initially resectable gastric cancer liver metastasis (GCLM) who were treated by different modalities, and analyze the influencing factors for prognosis of patients.Methods:The retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 327 patients with initially resectable GCLM who were included in the database of a nationwide multicenter retrospective cohort study on GCLM based on real-world data from January 2010 to December 2019 were collected. There were 267 males and 60 females, aged 61(54,68)years. According to the specific situations of patients, treatment modalities included radical surgery combined with systemic treatment, palliative surgery combined with systemic treatment, and systemic treatment alone. Observation indicators: (1) clinical characteristics of patients who were treated by different modalities; (2) prognostic outcomes of patients who were treated by different modalities; (3) analysis of influencing factors for prognosis of patients with initially resectable GCLM; (4) screening of potential beneficiaries in patients who were treated by radical surgery plus systemic treatment and patients who were treated by palliative surgery plus systemic treatment. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and comparison between groups was conducted using the independent sample t test. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M( Q1, Q3), and comparison between groups was conducted using the rank sum test. Count data were described as absolute numbers or percentages, and comparison between groups was conducted using the chi-square test. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate survival rate and draw survival curve, and Log-Rank test was used for survival analysis. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted using the COX proportional hazard regression model. The propensity score matching was employed by the 1:1 nearest neighbor matching method with a caliper value of 0.1. The forest plots were utilized to evaluate potential benefits of diverse surgical combined with systemic treatments within the population. Results:(1) Clinical characteristics of patients who were treated by different modalities. Of 327 patients, there were 118 cases undergoing radical surgery plus systemic treatment, 164 cases undergoing palliative surgery plus systemic treatment, and 45 cases undergoing systemic treatment alone. There were significant differences in smoking, drinking, site of primary gastric tumor, diameter of primary gastric tumor, site of liver metastasis, and metastatic interval among the three groups of patients ( P<0.05). (2) Prognostic outcomes of patients who were treated by different modalities. The median overall survival time of the 327 pati-ents was 19.9 months (95% confidence interval as 14.9-24.9 months), with 1-, 3-year overall survival rate of 61.3%, 32.7%, respectively. The 1-year overall survival rates of patients undergoing radical surgery plus systemic treatment, palliative surgery plus systemic treatment and systemic treatment alone were 68.3%, 63.1%, 30.6%, and the 3-year overall survival rates were 41.1%, 29.9%, 11.9%, showing a significant difference in overall survival rate among the three groups of patients ( χ2=19.46, P<0.05). Results of further analysis showed that there was a significant difference in overall survival rate between patients undergoing radical surgery plus systemic treatment and patients undergoing systemic treatment alone ( hazard ratio=0.40, 95% confidence interval as 0.26-0.61, P<0.05), between patients undergoing palliative surgery plus systemic treatment and patients under-going systemic treatment alone ( hazard ratio=0.47, 95% confidence interval as 0.32-0.71, P<0.05). (3) Analysis of influencing factors for prognosis of patients with initially resectable GCLM. Results of multivariate analysis showed that the larger primary gastric tumor, poorly differentiated tumor, larger liver metastasis, multiple hepatic metastases were independent risk factors for prognosis of patients with initially resectable GCLM ( hazard ratio=1.20, 1.70, 1.20, 2.06, 95% confidence interval as 1.14-1.27, 1.25-2.31, 1.04-1.42, 1.45-2.92, P<0.05) and immunotherapy or targeted therapy, the treatment modality of radical or palliative surgery plus systemic therapy were independent protective factors for prognosis of patients with initially resectable GCLM ( hazard ratio=0.60, 0.39, 0.46, 95% confidence interval as 0.42-0.87, 0.25-0.60, 0.30-0.70, P<0.05). (4) Screening of potentinal beneficiaries in patients who were treated by radical surgery plus systemic treatment and patients who were treated by palliative surgery plus systemic treatment. Results of forest plots analysis showed that for patients with high-moderate differentiated GCLM and patients with liver metastasis located in the left liver, the overall survival rate of patients undergoing radical surgery plus systemic treatment was better than patients undergoing palliative surgery plus systemic treatment ( hazard ratio=0.21, 0.42, 95% confidence interval as 0.09-0.48, 0.23-0.78, P<0.05). Conclusions:Compared to systemic therapy alone, both radical and palliative surgery plus systemic therapy can improve the pro-gnosis of patients with initially resectable GCLM. The larger primary gastric tumor, poorly differen-tiated tumor, larger liver metastasis, multiple hepatic metastases are independent risk factors for prognosis of patients with initial resectable GCLM and immunotherapy or targeted therapy, the treatment modality of radical or palliative surgery plus systemic therapy are independent protective factors for prognosis of patients with initially resectable GCLM.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of nootkatone(NKT)in mitigating depression-like behavior caused by blast traumatic brain injury(TBI).Methods The rat bTBI depression-like model was established by simulating the shock wave parameters of blast overpressure(BOP of 60 kPa,90 kPa,and 120 kPa)with a biological shock wave tube.After 14 days of exposure,we evaluated the depression-like behavior of rats using the tail suspension test and forced swimming test.We identified that the BOP(120 kPa)condition caused the most noticeable depressive behavior and used this condition for subsequent experiments.Thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group,bTBI group(BOP of 120 kPa),and bTBI+NKT group[at 1 d after exposure to BOP of 120 kPa,giving NKT 10 mg/(kg·d)orally for 14 days],10 in each group.After 14 days of exposure,the depression-like behavior of rats was evaluated by tail suspension test and forced swimming test.The expression levels of protein kinase A(PKA),phosphorylated cyclic adenosine monophosphate effector binding protein(pCREB),and brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)in the hippocampus of rat were determined by Western blotting.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the generation of proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA)-labeled neurons in the hippocampal dentate gyrus(DG).Results BOP of 90 kPa can cause depression-like in rats and BOP of 120 kPa can cause the most noticeable depressive behavior(P<0.05).Therefore,we selected the BOP exposure of 120 kPa for subsequent experiments.After 14 days of BOP exposure,compared with sham operation group,the immobility time of tad suspension test in bTBI group was prolonged(P<0.05),the latency of for ced swimming test was shortened,the immobility time was prolonged(P<0.05),the expression levels of PKA,pCREB and BDNF protein in hippocampus were lowered(P<0.05),and the number of PCNA-labeled neurons in hippocampal DG area was reduced(P<0.05);compared with the bTBI group,the immobility time of tail suspension test in bTBI+NKT group was shortened(P<0.05),the latency of forced swimming test was prolonged,the immobility time was shortened(P<0.05),the expression levels of PKA,pCREB and BDNF protein in hippocampus were increased(P<0.05),and the number of PCNA-labeled neurons in hippocampal DG area was increased(P<0.05).Conclusions Early treatment with NKT can improve depression-like behavior in mild bTBI rats.The mechanism may be related to the up-regulation of the PKA-CREB-BDNF signaling pathway and increased expression levels of pCREB and BDNF in the hippocampus,which results in increased neuron numbers in the DG region of the hippocampus.

Objective:To examine the impact of varied surgical treatment strategies on the prognosis of patients with initial resectable gastric cancer liver metastases (IR-GCLM).Methods:This is a retrospective cohort study. Employing a retrospective cohort design, the study selected clinicopathological data from the national multi-center retrospective cohort study database, focusing on 282 patients with IR-GCLM who underwent surgical intervention between January 2010 and December 2019. There were 231 males and 51 males, aging ( M(IQR)) 61 (14) years (range: 27 to 80 years). These patients were stratified into radical and palliative treatment groups based on treatment decisions. Survival curves were generated using the Kaplan-Meier method and distinctions in survival rates were assessed using the Log-rank test. The Cox risk regression model evaluated HR for various factors, controlling for confounders through multivariate analysis to comprehensively evaluate the influence of surgery on the prognosis of IR-GCLM patients. A restricted cubic spline Cox proportional hazard model assessed and delineated intricate associations between measured variables and prognosis. At the same time, the X-tile served as an auxiliary tool to identify critical thresholds in the survival analysis for IR-GCLM patients. Subgroup analysis was then conducted to identify potential beneficiary populations in different surgical treatments. Results:(1) The radical group comprised 118 patients, all undergoing R0 resection or local physical therapy of primary and metastatic lesions. The palliative group comprised 164 patients, with 52 cases undergoing palliative resections for gastric primary tumors and liver metastases, 56 cases undergoing radical resections for gastric primary tumors only, 45 cases undergoing palliative resections for gastric primary tumors, and 11 cases receiving palliative treatments for liver metastases. A statistically significant distinction was observed between the groups regarding the site and the number of liver metastases (both P<0.05). (2) The median overall survival (OS) of the 282 patients was 22.7 months (95% CI: 17.8 to 27.6 months), with 1-year and 3-year OS rates were 65.4% and 35.6%, respectively. The 1-year OS rates for patients in the radical surgical group and palliative surgical group were 68.3% and 63.1%, while the corresponding 3-year OS rates were 42.2% and 29.9%, respectively. A comparison of OS between the two groups showed no statistically significant difference ( P=0.254). Further analysis indicated that patients undergoing palliative gastric cancer resection alone had a significantly worse prognosis compared to other surgical options ( HR=1.98, 95% CI: 1.21 to 3.24, P=0.006). (3) The size of the primary gastric tumor significantly influenced the patients′ prognosis ( HR=2.01, 95% CI: 1.45 to 2.79, P<0.01), with HR showing a progressively increasing trend as tumor size increased. (4) Subgroup analysis indicates that radical treatment may be more effective compared to palliative treatment in the following specific cases: well/moderately differentiated tumors ( HR=2.84, 95% CI 1.49 to 5.41, P=0.001), and patients with liver metastases located in the left lobe of the liver ( HR=2.06, 95% CI 1.19 to 3.57, P=0.010). Conclusions:In patients with IR-GCLM, radical surgery did not produce a significant improvement in the overall prognosis compared to palliative surgery. However, within specific patient subgroups (well/moderately differentiated tumors, and patients with liver metastases located in the left lobe of the liver), radical treatment can significantly improve prognosis compared to palliative approaches.

Objective To develop a prediction tool for post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ER-CP)early biliary tract infection(PEEBI)in patients with choledocholithiasis,and assist clinical decision-making be-fore ERCP and early personalized intervention after ERCP.Methods An observational bidirectional cohort study was adopted to select inpatients with choledocholithiasis who underwent ERCP in a hospital.Directed acyclic graph(DAGs)and the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator(LASSO)were used to predict PEEBI based on lo-gistic regression,and the models were compared and validated internally and externally.Results From January 1,2020 to September 30,2023,a total of 2 121 patients with choledocholithiasis underwent ERCP were enrolled,of whom 77(3.6％)developed PEEBI,mostly in the first 2 days after surgery(66.2％).The major influencing fac-tors for PEEBI were non-iatrogenic patient-related factors,namely diabetes mellitus(OR=2.43,95％CI:1.14-4.85),bile duct malignancy(OR=3.95,95％CI:1.74-8.31)and duodenal papillary diverticulum(OR=4.39,95％CI:1.86-9.52).Compared with the LASSO model,the DAGs model showed higher ability(3.0％)in com-prehensive discrimination(P=0.007),as well as good differentiation performance(D=0.133,P=0.894)and cal-ibration performance(x2=5.499,P=0.703)in external validation.Conclusion The DAGs model constructed in this study has good predictive performance.With the help of this tool,targeted early preventive measures in clinical practice can be taken to reduce the occurrence of PEEBI.

Nowadays,with the continuous deepening and development of vocational education teaching reform,medical higher vocational education always takes moral education as the fundamental task.As an independent type of education,vocational education should always deepen the integration of industry and education and the integration of science and education.Through the teaching research of"problem chain+course ideological and political case",this study innovates the coordinated education team of drug nursing curriculum,the collaborative education method and the collaborative education evaluation,and improves the teaching effect.

Objective:To examine the impact of varied surgical treatment strategies on the prognosis of patients with initial resectable gastric cancer liver metastases (IR-GCLM).Methods:This is a retrospective cohort study. Employing a retrospective cohort design, the study selected clinicopathological data from the national multi-center retrospective cohort study database, focusing on 282 patients with IR-GCLM who underwent surgical intervention between January 2010 and December 2019. There were 231 males and 51 males, aging ( M(IQR)) 61 (14) years (range: 27 to 80 years). These patients were stratified into radical and palliative treatment groups based on treatment decisions. Survival curves were generated using the Kaplan-Meier method and distinctions in survival rates were assessed using the Log-rank test. The Cox risk regression model evaluated HR for various factors, controlling for confounders through multivariate analysis to comprehensively evaluate the influence of surgery on the prognosis of IR-GCLM patients. A restricted cubic spline Cox proportional hazard model assessed and delineated intricate associations between measured variables and prognosis. At the same time, the X-tile served as an auxiliary tool to identify critical thresholds in the survival analysis for IR-GCLM patients. Subgroup analysis was then conducted to identify potential beneficiary populations in different surgical treatments. Results:(1) The radical group comprised 118 patients, all undergoing R0 resection or local physical therapy of primary and metastatic lesions. The palliative group comprised 164 patients, with 52 cases undergoing palliative resections for gastric primary tumors and liver metastases, 56 cases undergoing radical resections for gastric primary tumors only, 45 cases undergoing palliative resections for gastric primary tumors, and 11 cases receiving palliative treatments for liver metastases. A statistically significant distinction was observed between the groups regarding the site and the number of liver metastases (both P<0.05). (2) The median overall survival (OS) of the 282 patients was 22.7 months (95% CI: 17.8 to 27.6 months), with 1-year and 3-year OS rates were 65.4% and 35.6%, respectively. The 1-year OS rates for patients in the radical surgical group and palliative surgical group were 68.3% and 63.1%, while the corresponding 3-year OS rates were 42.2% and 29.9%, respectively. A comparison of OS between the two groups showed no statistically significant difference ( P=0.254). Further analysis indicated that patients undergoing palliative gastric cancer resection alone had a significantly worse prognosis compared to other surgical options ( HR=1.98, 95% CI: 1.21 to 3.24, P=0.006). (3) The size of the primary gastric tumor significantly influenced the patients′ prognosis ( HR=2.01, 95% CI: 1.45 to 2.79, P<0.01), with HR showing a progressively increasing trend as tumor size increased. (4) Subgroup analysis indicates that radical treatment may be more effective compared to palliative treatment in the following specific cases: well/moderately differentiated tumors ( HR=2.84, 95% CI 1.49 to 5.41, P=0.001), and patients with liver metastases located in the left lobe of the liver ( HR=2.06, 95% CI 1.19 to 3.57, P=0.010). Conclusions:In patients with IR-GCLM, radical surgery did not produce a significant improvement in the overall prognosis compared to palliative surgery. However, within specific patient subgroups (well/moderately differentiated tumors, and patients with liver metastases located in the left lobe of the liver), radical treatment can significantly improve prognosis compared to palliative approaches.

Objective:To investigate the impact of ionizing radiation(IR)on the structure and function of the testis and pro-vide some strategies for the prevention and treatment of IR-induced damage(IRD).Methods:Using radiation dose simulation,se-men analysis,hormone testing,electron microscopy and single-cell transcriptome sequencing,we assessed and analyzed a case of IRD.We established a mouse model of IRD to validate the results of single-cell sequencing,and investigated the specific biological mecha-nisms of IRD and potential strategies for its intervention.Results:IR at 1-2 Gy significantly reduced sperm concentration and mo-tility,which gradually recovered after 12 months but the percentage of morphologically normal sperm remained low.It also caused im-balanced levels of various steroid hormones,decreased testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate,increased progesterone,prolac-tin,luteinizing hormone,and follicle-stimulating hormone.Electron microscopy revealed damages to the testis structure,including loss of germ cells,atrophy of the seminiferous tubules,nuclear membrane depression of the spermatocytes,mitochondrial atrophy and de-formation,and reduction of mitochondrial cristae.Single-cell sequencing indicated significant changes in the function of the Leydig cells and macrophages and disrupted lipid-related metabolic pathways after IRD.Administration of L-carnitine to the mouse model im-proved lipid metabolism disorders and partially alleviated IRD to the germ cells.Conclusion:Ionizing radiation can cause disorders of testicular spermatogenesis and sexual hormones and inhibit lipid metabolism pathways in Leydig cells and macrophages.Improving lipid metabolism can alleviate IRD to germ cells.

ObjectiveTo explore the medication characteristics and clinical efficacy of the Tenghuang Jiangu tablets in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis （KOA） in the remission stage in the real world，providing references for rational clinical use of this prescription. MethodBased on the "registration system of KOA treated with Tenghuang Jiangu tablets"，2 439 KOA cases in the remission stage were analyzed by SPSS 25.0，IBM SPSS Modeler18.0，and Apriori algorithm. To be specific，the age，body mass index （BMI），and course of treatment were described in the form of x̄±s. The information on gender，K-L grade，daily dose，and frequency of drug use was described by frequency analysis. The number of cases，course of treatment，daily dose，and drug use frequency of the single-use group and the combined-use group were described by frequency analysis，and the combination of drugs was described by frequency analysis and Apriori algorithm. Mann-Whitney U test was employed to compare the scores of Visual Analogue Scale （VAS），Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index （WOMAC），pain，stiffness，and joint function between the single-use group and the combined-use group. ResultThe results of clinical treatment showed that 2 439 patients with KOA in the remission stage were treated with Tenghuang Jiangu tablets，with 1 432 （58.71%） in the single-use group and 1 007 （41.29%） in the combined-use group. The average daily dose of Tenghuang Jiangu tablets was （3.90±1.44） g，and the majority of the patients were at grade Ⅱ （54.47%）. The daily average daily dose of Tenghuang Jiangu tablets in the single-use group was （3.64±1.35） g，which was lower than that in the combined-use group ［（4.26±1.48） g，P<0.05］. In the combined use，the top three western medicines were glucosamine （270 times，14.68%），sodium hyaluronate （126 times，6.85%），and imrecoxib （116 times，6.31%），and the top three Chinese medicines were Huoxuezhitong capsules/tablets/ointments （31 times，1.69%），Biqi capsules （25 times，1.36%），and Maizhiling （23 times，1.25%）. As for the overall clinical efficacy，the VAS score was （5.13±0.93） score before treatment and （2.22±1.18） score after treatment （P<0.05），with an overall average decrease of （2.91±1.14） score， and the average decrease in the single-use group was （2.76±1.43） score， which was lower than that in the combined-use group ［（3.12±1.36） score，（P<0.01）］. The WOMAC score was （31.05±11.84） score before treatment and （13.55±9.91） score after treatment （P<0.05）. The overall average decrease was （17.50±11.79） score， and the average decrease in the single-use group and combined-use group was （16.39±11.14） score and （19.08±12.50） score，respectively （P<0.01）. The patients with KOA>grade Ⅱ accounted for 91.34%（1 308/1 432） and 93.55%（942/1 007） in the single-use group and combined-use group，respectively （χ²=80.026，P<0.05）. A total of 43.37%（621/1 432） of the patients in the single-use group had other complications，lower than that in the combined-use group ［54.92%（553/1 432），（χ²=20.087，P<0.01）］. ConclusionMore than half of the patients with KOA in the remission stage are treated with Tenghuang Jiangu tablets alone，and the combination therapy is mainly applied in patients with severe conditions or other complications. In relieving knee joint pain and improving joint stiffness and joint function，both the Tenghuang Jiangu tablets alone and the combination therapy are effective.