ObjectiveTo analyze the changes in the degree of coordination of China's major epidemic prevention and control efforts before and after the outbreak of the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), so as to explore the impact of epidemic prevention and control measures on coordination dynamics. MethodsA total of 3 864 policy documents related to epidemic prevention and control from January 2000 to December 2020 across 31 provinces (autonomous regions, and municipalities) in China were systematically collected. Contents specific to collaborative and cooperative efforts were extracted, and the extent of interdepartmental coordination were quantified to assess the effectiveness of epidemic prevention and control efforts. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was adopted to statistically analyze the differences between the indicators before and after the epidemic. ResultsThe average overall coordination level for major epidemic prevention and control in 31 provinces (autonomous regions, and municipalities) increased from 43.06% to 97.62%, and the average coordination levels in the eastern, central, and western China soared from 42.29%, 37.50%, and 47.46%, to 98.81%, 96.20%, and 97.46%, respectively, with statistically significant differences (all P<0.05). In terms of department categorization, coordination levels in the professional departments and the key support departments peaked at 100.00%, while other support departments rose to 95.43%, with an increase of 77.15%, 181.85%, and 139.89%, respectively, exhibiting noteworthy statistically significant differences (all P<0.001). ConclusionThe scope of coordination departments of China’s major epidemic prevention and control exists a remarkable surge following the COVID-19 outbreak, notable heightened coordination is particularly observed among the key support departments. Future endeavors should prioritize the roles played by diverse departments in epidemic prevention and control, enhancing both the clarity of departmental responsibilities and the effectiveness of interdepartmental coordination.

Humans ; Adolescent ; Fractures, Avulsion ; Fractures, Bone ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Ischium/surgery*

Glutamate-ammonia ligase (GLUL, also known as glutamine synthetase) is a crucial enzyme that catalyzes ammonium and glutamate into glutamine in the ATP-dependent condensation. Although GLUL plays a critical role in multiple cancers, the expression and function of GLUL in gastric cancer remain unclear. In the present study, we have found that the expression level of GLUL was significantly lower in gastric cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues, and correlated with N stage and TNM stage, and low GLUL expression predicted poor survival for gastric cancer patients. Knockdown of GLUL promoted the growth, migration, invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, and vice versa, which was independent of its enzyme activity. Mechanistically, GLUL competed with β-Catenin to bind to N-Cadherin, increased the stability of N-Cadherin and decreased the stability of β-Catenin by alerting their ubiquitination. Furthermore, there were lower N-Cadherin and higher β-Catenin expression levels in gastric cancer tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues. GLUL protein expression was correlated with that of N-Cadherin, and could be the independent prognostic factor in gastric cancer. Our findings reveal that GLUL stabilizes N-Cadherin by antagonizing β-Catenin to inhibit the progress of gastric cancer.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease. At present, levodopa and other drugs are mainly used for dopamine supplementation therapy. However, the absorption of levodopa in the gastrointestinal tract is unstable and its half-life is short, and long-term use of levodopa will lead to the end-of-dose deterioration, dyskinesia, the "ON-OFF" phenomenon and other symptoms. Therefore, new preparations need to be developed to improve drug efficacy, reduce side effects or improve compliance of patients. Based on the above clinical needs, this review briefly introduced the preparation modification strategies for the treatment of PD through case analysis, in order to provide references for the research and development of related preparations.

Objective:To investigate the prognosis of patients with initially resectable gastric cancer liver metastasis (GCLM) who were treated by different modalities, and analyze the influencing factors for prognosis of patients.Methods:The retrospective cohort study was conducted. The clinicopathological data of 327 patients with initially resectable GCLM who were included in the database of a nationwide multicenter retrospective cohort study on GCLM based on real-world data from January 2010 to December 2019 were collected. There were 267 males and 60 females, aged 61(54,68)years. According to the specific situations of patients, treatment modalities included radical surgery combined with systemic treatment, palliative surgery combined with systemic treatment, and systemic treatment alone. Observation indicators: (1) clinical characteristics of patients who were treated by different modalities; (2) prognostic outcomes of patients who were treated by different modalities; (3) analysis of influencing factors for prognosis of patients with initially resectable GCLM; (4) screening of potential beneficiaries in patients who were treated by radical surgery plus systemic treatment and patients who were treated by palliative surgery plus systemic treatment. Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as Mean± SD, and comparison between groups was conducted using the independent sample t test. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M( Q1, Q3), and comparison between groups was conducted using the rank sum test. Count data were described as absolute numbers or percentages, and comparison between groups was conducted using the chi-square test. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate survival rate and draw survival curve, and Log-Rank test was used for survival analysis. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted using the COX proportional hazard regression model. The propensity score matching was employed by the 1:1 nearest neighbor matching method with a caliper value of 0.1. The forest plots were utilized to evaluate potential benefits of diverse surgical combined with systemic treatments within the population. Results:(1) Clinical characteristics of patients who were treated by different modalities. Of 327 patients, there were 118 cases undergoing radical surgery plus systemic treatment, 164 cases undergoing palliative surgery plus systemic treatment, and 45 cases undergoing systemic treatment alone. There were significant differences in smoking, drinking, site of primary gastric tumor, diameter of primary gastric tumor, site of liver metastasis, and metastatic interval among the three groups of patients ( P<0.05). (2) Prognostic outcomes of patients who were treated by different modalities. The median overall survival time of the 327 pati-ents was 19.9 months (95% confidence interval as 14.9-24.9 months), with 1-, 3-year overall survival rate of 61.3%, 32.7%, respectively. The 1-year overall survival rates of patients undergoing radical surgery plus systemic treatment, palliative surgery plus systemic treatment and systemic treatment alone were 68.3%, 63.1%, 30.6%, and the 3-year overall survival rates were 41.1%, 29.9%, 11.9%, showing a significant difference in overall survival rate among the three groups of patients ( χ2=19.46, P<0.05). Results of further analysis showed that there was a significant difference in overall survival rate between patients undergoing radical surgery plus systemic treatment and patients undergoing systemic treatment alone ( hazard ratio=0.40, 95% confidence interval as 0.26-0.61, P<0.05), between patients undergoing palliative surgery plus systemic treatment and patients under-going systemic treatment alone ( hazard ratio=0.47, 95% confidence interval as 0.32-0.71, P<0.05). (3) Analysis of influencing factors for prognosis of patients with initially resectable GCLM. Results of multivariate analysis showed that the larger primary gastric tumor, poorly differentiated tumor, larger liver metastasis, multiple hepatic metastases were independent risk factors for prognosis of patients with initially resectable GCLM ( hazard ratio=1.20, 1.70, 1.20, 2.06, 95% confidence interval as 1.14-1.27, 1.25-2.31, 1.04-1.42, 1.45-2.92, P<0.05) and immunotherapy or targeted therapy, the treatment modality of radical or palliative surgery plus systemic therapy were independent protective factors for prognosis of patients with initially resectable GCLM ( hazard ratio=0.60, 0.39, 0.46, 95% confidence interval as 0.42-0.87, 0.25-0.60, 0.30-0.70, P<0.05). (4) Screening of potentinal beneficiaries in patients who were treated by radical surgery plus systemic treatment and patients who were treated by palliative surgery plus systemic treatment. Results of forest plots analysis showed that for patients with high-moderate differentiated GCLM and patients with liver metastasis located in the left liver, the overall survival rate of patients undergoing radical surgery plus systemic treatment was better than patients undergoing palliative surgery plus systemic treatment ( hazard ratio=0.21, 0.42, 95% confidence interval as 0.09-0.48, 0.23-0.78, P<0.05). Conclusions:Compared to systemic therapy alone, both radical and palliative surgery plus systemic therapy can improve the pro-gnosis of patients with initially resectable GCLM. The larger primary gastric tumor, poorly differen-tiated tumor, larger liver metastasis, multiple hepatic metastases are independent risk factors for prognosis of patients with initial resectable GCLM and immunotherapy or targeted therapy, the treatment modality of radical or palliative surgery plus systemic therapy are independent protective factors for prognosis of patients with initially resectable GCLM.

Objective To evaluate the effects of ketamine combined with sufentanil on postoperative analgesia and depression in patients undergoing hip arthroplasty.Methods A total of 60 patients who underwent elective hip arthroplasty were selected and divided into the S group,the SK1 group and the SK2 group according to the patient-controlled intravenous analgesia regimen,with 20 cases in each group.Patients in the S group were received 2 μg/kg of sufentanil for postoperative analgesia,patients in the SK1 group were received 1 mg/kg of esketamine and 2 μg/kg of sufentanil for postoperative analgesia,and patients in the SK2 group were received 2 mg/kg of esketamine and 2 μg/kg of sufentanil for postoperative analgesia.At 1,4,24,and 48 hours after surgery,the analgesic effect of patients was evaluated using the numeric rating scale(NRS),and the sedation effect of patients was evaluated using the Ramsay sedation score.Depression of patients before and 48 hours after surgery was assessed by self-rating depression scale(SDS).The adverse reactions such as nausea and vomiting,dizziness and headache,respiratory depression,and mental symptoms within 48 hours after surgery of patients were recorded.Results The NRS scores 1,4,and 24 hours after surgery of patients in the SK1 group and the SK2 group were lower than those in the S group(P<0.05);there was no statistically significant difference in the NRS scores 48 hours after surgery of patients among the three groups(P>0.05);there was no statistically significant difference in the NRS scores at different postoperative points of patients between the SK1 and SK2 groups(P>0.05).The SDS scores 48 hours after surgery of patients in each group were lower than those before surgery(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the Ramsay scores at different postoperative points of patients among the three groups(P>0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions 48 hours after surgery in the SK2 group was higher than those in the S group and the SK1 group(P<0.05).Conclusion Using 1 mg/kg of esketamine combined with 2 μg/kg of sufentanil after hip arthroplasty has a good analgesic effect without obvious increase of adverse reactions or significant effect on improving depression of patients.

Objective To observe the feasibility of cardiac MR tissue tracking(CMR-TT)technique for quantitatively evaluating myocardial strain of patients with myocardial amyloidosis(CA).Methods Cardiac MRI were collected from 20 patients of immunoglobulin amyloid light-chain CA(AL-CA,group A),20 cases of transthyretin CA(ATTR-CA,group B)and 20 healthy subjects(group C),and myocardial strain parameters were obtained using CMR-TT technique.Left ventricular cardiac function parameters were compared among 3 groups,so were strain parameters of each myocardial segment of left ventricle and global myocardium,including 3D longitudinal strain(LS),3D radial strain(RS)and 3D circumferential strain(CS).Results Compared with those in group C,significant differences of left ventricular cardiac function parameters were found in both group A and B(all P＜0.01),while no statistical difference was found between group A and B(all P＞0.05).Except for apical segment RS(P=0.81),strain parameters in group A and B were both lower than those in group C(all P＜0.01),while no significant difference was detected between group A and B(all P＞0.05).Conclusion CMR-TT technique could be used to quantitatively evaluate left ventricular myocardial strain of CA patients.

Objective:To evaluate the role of O-sialoglycoprotein endopeptidase (OSGEP) in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI) and the relationship with oxidative stress in mice.Methods:Experiment Ⅰ Twenty-four SPF healthy male C57BL/6 mice, 12 wild-type and 12 OSGEP knockdown, aged 6-8 weeks, weighing 18-22 g, were divided into 4 groups ( n=6 each) by the random number table method: wild-type shamoperation group (Sham group), wild-type HIRI group (HIRI group), OSGEP knockdown+ sham operation group (Sham+ KD group) and OSGEP knockdown+ HIRI group (HIRI+ KD group). Ischemia-reperfusion model was prepared by blocking the hepatic artery and portal vein for 60 min followed by reperfusion in anesthetized animals, the blood vessels were only exposed without occlusion in Sham group and Sham+ KD group, and the blood vessels were clamped for 60 min followed by reperfusion in HIRI group and HIRI+ KD group. The mice were sacrificed after 6-h reperfusion to extract liver tissue samples for microscopic examination of histopathological changes (with an optical microscope after HE staining) which were evaluated using Suzuki score and for determination of the serum concentrations of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) (using the DCFH-DA fluorescent probe method), contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione(GSH) in liver tissues (using a colorimetric method) and expression of OSGEP (using Western blot). Experiment Ⅱ The well-growing AML12 cells were divided into 4 groups ( n=30 each) using a random number table method: control group (C group), oxygen-glucose deprivation/restoration (OGD/R) group, OGD/R+ OSGEP knockdown group (OGD/R+ KD group), and OGD/R+ OSGEP knockdown negative control group (OGD/R+ NC group). Group C was cultured under normal conditions. Group OGD/R was subjected to O 2-glucose deprivation for 6 h followed by restoration of O 2-glucose supply for 24 h in OGD/R group. In OGD/R+ KD group, stable transfection of AML12 cells with OSGEP knockdown was performed prior to the experiment, and the other procedures were the same as those previously described. The cell survival rate was measured by the CCK-8 assay, the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) was measured, the DCFH-DA method was used to detect the levels of ROS, and the contents of MDA and GSH were determined using a colorimetric method. Results:Experiment Ⅰ Compared with Sham group, the expression of OSGEP was significantly down-regulated, the serum concentrations of AST and ALT, Suzuki score, levels of ROS and content of MDA were increased, and the GSH content was decreased in HIRI group ( P<0.05), and no significant change was found in each parameter in Sham+ KD group ( P>0.05). Compared with HIRI group, the serum concentrations of AST and ALT, Suzuki score, levels of ROS and content of MDA were significantly increased, and the GSH content was decreased in HIRI+ KD group ( P<0.05). Experiment Ⅱ Compared with group C, the expression of OSGEP was significantly down-regulated, the cell survival rate and GSH content were decreased, and the release of LDH, levels of ROS and content of MDA were increased in group OGD/R ( P<0.05). Compared with OGD/R group, the cell survival rate and GSH content were significantly decreased, and the release of LDH, levels of ROS and content of MDA were increased in OGD/R+ KD group ( P<0.05), and no significant change was found in each parameter in OGD/R+ NC group ( P>0.05). Conclusions:OSGEP plays an endogenous protective role in HIRI by inhibiting oxidative stress in mice.

Objective: To analyze the burden indicators and trend predictions of eating disorders in Chinese adolescents aged 10-24 years from 1990 to 2019, so as to provide a reference for the prevention and control of eating disorders among adolescents. Methods: According to the latest data of the Global Burden of Disease Study(GBD) 2019 database classified by gender, age group and other indicators, the Joinpoint regression model and bayesian age period cohort model(BAPC) were used to analyze and predict the incidence rate, prevalence and disabilityadjusted life year (DALY) rate of eating disorders among Chinese adolescents aged 10 to 24 years old, and explore the trend of the disease burden of eating disorders in this population in the past three decades. Results: From 1990 to 2019, the overall crude incidence rate of eating disorders among adolescents in China increased from 278.93/105 to 422.27/105, and the crude incidence rate increased from 122.63/105 to 198.80/105, and the crude DALY rate increased from 26.67/105 to 43.50/105. In terms of gender, the standardized incidence rate, standardized prevalence rate and standardized DALY rate of eating disorders of boys and girls all showed an upward trend（boys：AAPC=1.52%，1.84%，1.86%，girls：AAPC=1.28%，1.74%，1.77%，P＜0.05）. The standardized incidence rate, standardized prevalence rate and standardized DALY rate of boys with eating disorders (54.97%, 68.88%, 69.75%) were higher than those of girls (44.26%, 64.48%, 65.56%), and the differences were statistically significant (χ2=201.45, 35.02, 34.55, P<0.05). In terms of age groups, the incidence rate of the 15-19yearold age group (524.10/105) was higher than that of other age groups (10-14yearold age:251.17/105, 20-24yearold age:476.49/105) (χ2=156.87, P<0.05), the prevalence rate of the 20-24yearold age group (278.67/105) and the DALY rate (60.83/105) were higher than those of other age groups (10-14yearold age:81.79/105,18.02/105, 15-19yearold age:221.81/105,48.59/105) (χ2=204.50,197.14, P<0.05). BAPC prediction model showed that in the future, the incidence rate of eating disorders among adolescents in China would still show an upward trend, but the prevalence rate and DALY rate would show a steady downward trend, which might reach 516.43/105, 188.41/105 and 41.23/105 respectively in 2030. Conclusions The burden of eating disorders among adolescents in China continues to increase, with boys and those aged 15-19 years being the key populations for prevention and treatment. All sectors of society should actively take relevant measures and pay attention to the prevention and treatment of adolescent eating disorders.

italic>Acanthopanax senticosus is one of the genuine regional herb in Northeast China. In this study, we identified the germplasm resources of commercial A. senticosus samples based on atpI and atpB_rbcL according to the previous chloroplast genome sequencing results, and determinated the content of syringin by HPLC to evaluated the quality of commercial samples. A total of 80 A. senticosus samples were collected from 47 cities in 24 provinces. DNA was extracted to amplify the products of atpI and atpB_rbcL by PCR. The results showed that 7 haplotypes (H2, H5, H8, H10, H12, H14, H23) were formed by the combined analysis of the two gene fragments. H2 from Yichun in Heilongjiang, Shangzhi in Harbin, Suihua in Heilongjiang, Fushun in Liaoning, Benxi in Liaoning, Changbai in Jilin and Jingyu in Jilin were the dominant genotype, representing 58.75% of the total samples. H14 and H23 were the unique haplotypes of the producing area. It is speculated that the commercial A. senticosus samples with haplotypes of H14 and H23 are from Raohe, Shuangyashan, Heilongjiang and Mingshui, Suihua, Heilongjiang, respectively. HPLC analysis indicated that the content of syringin in 73.96% of the samples met the Pharmacopoeia standards. There was a significant difference in the content of syringin among the samples, ranging from 0.003 7% to 0.524 5%, with a difference of 0.520 8%, indicating that the quality of the samples in the market of A. senticosus was uneven. However, there were no significant differences in the contents of syringin in the commercial A. senticosus among different haplotypes. The content of syringin in the haplotype H23 in the market sample is relatively high, so it may be a germplasm with better quality. This study researched the germplasm resources and medicinal materials quality of commercial A. senticosus samples and will help guide the commercial circulation, reasonable medication of A. senticosus, and the screening of excellent germplasm.