Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of microRNA-10b(miR-10b)on idiopathic short stature(ISS).Methods A total of 54 children with ISS and 54 healthy children were collected.The serum expression of miR-10b was detected by RT-qPCR,and the relationship between serum miR-10b expression and clinical data of children with ISS was analyzed.miR-10b inhibitor,si-TGFBR1 and their negative control transfection C28/I2 cells were used.CCK-8 experimental detection was used to detect C28/I2 cell proliferation.Western blot assay was used to detect gnome related transcription factor 2(RUNX2),collagen type X alpha 1 chain(COL10A1),transforming growth factor beta receptor 1(TGFBR1),SMAD3 and pSMAD3 protein expression.The target of miR-10b was screened in StarBase database,and the targeting relationship between miR-10b and TGFBR1 was verified by dual luciferase reporter gene assay.Results The serum expression of miR-10b was higher in the ISS group than that of the healthy control group,and the higher the miR-10b expression,the more obvious the decrease of child height,IGF-1 and alkaline phosphatase(P＜0.05).Compared with the NC group,the cell proliferation ability and RUNX2,COL10A1,TGFBR1,and pSMAD3 protein expression were up-regulated in the miR-10b inhibitor group(P＜0.05).StarBase database suggested that miR-10b had a binding site of TGFBR1,and dual luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed that TGFBR1 interacted with miR-10b(P＜0.05).Compared with the si-NC group,the expression of TGFBR1 was down-regulated and the cell proliferation ability was decreased in the si-TGFBR1 group(P＜0.05).Conclusion miR-10b inhibits chondrocyte proliferation and hypertrophy in idiopathic short stature by targeting TGFBR1/SMAD3 pathway.

Objectives:To finely divide the aortic sinus into sections and accurately localize the coronary ostium through CARTO three-dimensional mapping,and to assess the clinical effects of treating aortic sinus cusps premature ventricular contraction(ASC-PVC)and the ablation risk in the corresponding area with zero X-ray radiofrequency ablation. Methods:A total of 66 patients who underwent radiofrequency ablation for ASC-PVC from January 2020 to January 2023 were included in this analysis,patients were divided into experimental group(n=34)and conventional group(n=32).In the conventional group,the CARTO 3 system was used to create an aortic sinus model through the conventional method.The earliest stimulating target was identified by using electrical stimulation mapping(ESM).Radiofrequency ablation treatment was performed after the distance between the target and the coronary ostium was precisely measured by coronary angiography through the hollow tube of the ablation catheter or coronary angiography tube.In the experimental group,the CARTO 3 system was used to build a model of the aortic sinus and the coronary ostium and aortic sinus were divided into sections.The earliest stimulating target was identified by ESM.After localizing coronary ostium through the impedance changing pattern on the ablation catheter tips,catheter ablation was performed with zero X-ray.The data regarding the impedance of the ablation catheter in the aortic sinus were collected.The total operative time,the operative time in the aortic sinus,contrast dosage,X-ray exposure time,immediate and short-term success rates of the operation and complication rates were compared between the two groups.Besides,the distribution of successfully ablated targets and their relationship with the risk of ablation were analyzed in both groups. Results:There was no significant statistical difference in the immediate and short-term success rates between the two groups(93.8%vs.94.1%;90.6%vs.88.2%,both P>0.05).The experimental group did not receive contrast agents during the operation,and the total operation time and intra-aortic sinus operation time in the experimental group were significantly shorter than those in the conventional group([58.76±4.94]min vs.[66.91±5.94]min,P<0.001;[43.12±4.49]min vs.[50.31±5.18]min,P<0.001).During the process of moving the ablation catheter from the intra-aortic sinus to the coronary artery opening and into the coronary artery,the impedance suddenly increased,which was significantly different from the impedance in other parts of the intra-aortic sinus(all P<0.001). Conclusions:Radiofrequency ablation of ASC-PVC with zero X-ray can simplify the procedures and shorten the operative time.The steep increase in impedance at the tip of the ablation catheter can be used as a basis for localizing the coronary ostium.Dividing the aortic sinus into sections allows a detailed assessment of the risk for ablation treatment at the targets.

Early diagnosis of acute rejection is of significance for the protection of renal allograft function. Pathological puncture biopsy is the gold standard for the diagnosis of acute rejection of renal allografts. Nevertheless, it may provoke multiple complications, such as bleeding, infection and renal parenchymal injury, which limit its widespread application. In recent years, the sensitivity of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the diagnosis of acute rejection has been constantly improved. Ultrasound-targeted microbubble technique has further enhanced the diagnostic specificity of contrast-enhanced ultrasound, making it possible to replace pathological puncture biopsy. Besides, in the field of acute rejection treatment, microbubble ultrasonic cavitation may promote local delivery of immunosuppressants by inducing sonoporation and exhibit anti-rejection effect. In this article, the application of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in the diagnosis and treatment of acute rejection after kidney transplantation was reviewed, aiming to provide reference for widespread application of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in kidney transplantation.

Patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are prone to renal insufficiency, which may progress into end-stage renal disease (ESRD). HIV infection has been previously considered as an absolute contraindication of transplantation. The lives of HIV-positive ESRD patients can only maintained through dialysis. With the development of medicine, transplantation practitioners at home and abroad attempt to perform kidney transplantation in HIV-positive patients. Whether kidney transplantation is feasible for HIV-positive patients, whether HIV-positive donor kidneys can be used for transplantation, and the efficacy of kidney transplantation for HIV-positive patients has always been hot topics in the field of transplantation. In this article, HIV-associated nephropathy, the conditions of kidney transplantation for HIV-positive patients, the efficacy of kidney transplantation for HIV-positive patients, use of HIV-positive donor kidneys, use of immune-inducing drugs and postoperative use of immunosuppressants for HIV-positive patients were illustrated, aiming to provide reference for kidney transplantation for HIV-positive patients in clinical practice, application of HIV-positive donor kidneys and postoperative management of HIV-positive patients.

Objective:To analyze the clinical characteristics of children diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE)complicated with thrombotic microangiopathy(TMA)for early recognition.Methods:We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of 14 SLE patients with TMA hospitalized at Shanghai Children′s Medical Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine from December 2005 to October 2020.Results:The incidence of TMA was 5.65%(14/248)of the hospitalized patients with SLE and 7.87%(14/178)of the hospitalized patients with lupus nephritis.Four patients were boys while ten patients were girls.One boy was six years old and other 13 patients were from 11 to 18 years old.Their SLEDAI scores ranged from 14 to 31, and all of them were severe activity.Renal biopsy of 11 patients during TMA course all revealed lupus nephritis(type Ⅳ, n=8; type Ⅳ+ Ⅴ, n=3). These 14 SLE children were diagnosed with TMA within 3 days to 2 months after admission.At the beginning of the hospitalization, only six patients had both anemia and thrombocytopenia, while eight patients only had moderate anemia.All of the patients had obvious hypocomplementemia.Especially in the patients with first onset of SLE without treatment, their serum levels of C3 were less than 0.17 g/L and C4 were less than 0.07 g/L.Moreover, glomerular filtration rates of these patients were lower than that in normal range.The follow-up time were 0.2-11.3 years(median time was 2.6 years). After treatment, six patients obtained complete remission, and five patients obtained partial remission.One patient had sudden death during the 4th plasmapheresis, and the other two patients deteriorated. Conclusion:Children with SLE and TMA are mostly in severe disease activity, and renal pathology is type Ⅳ lupus nephritis.The SLE children with anemia should be paid special attention to the level of serum complement whether they have thrombocytopenia or not.If the level of serum complements decrease obviously, glomerular filtration rates should be monitored closely and schistocytes should be searched repeatedly in the blood smears of the peripheral blood to facilitate the early recognition of TMA.

"The Expert Group on Tumor Ablation Therapy of Chinese Medical Doctor Association, The Tumor Ablation Committee of Chinese College of Interventionalists, The Society of Tumor Ablation Therapy of Chinese Anti-Cancer Association and The Ablation Expert Committee of the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology" have organized multidisciplinary experts to formulate the consensus for thermal ablation of pulmonary subsolid nodules or ground-glass nodule (GGN). The expert consensus reviews current literatures and provides clinical practices for thermal ablation of GGN. The main contents include: (1) clinical evaluation of GGN, (2) procedures, indications, contraindications, outcomes evaluation and related complications of thermal ablation for GGN and (3) future development directions.
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PURPOSE: The data on the differences between sputum autoantibodies (Sp-Abs) and serum autoantibodies (Se-Abs) in reflection of autoimmune responses to lungs is still lacking. METHODS: Ten types of Abs were investigated in matched Se and Sp samples collected from recruited subjects. Correlations between Ab levels and airway inflammatory parameters and measures of pulmonary function were assessed. The network-based and inter-correlated analysis was performed to explore the patterns of Sp- and Se-Ab profiles. RESULTS: Fifty stable asthmatic patients and 24 healthy volunteers were recruited for our study, 15 with mild asthma, 18 with moderate asthma and 17 with severe asthma. The concentrations of Sp-Ab against U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (Sp-anti-U1-SnRNP), Sp-Ab against Smith antigen and Se-Ab against thyroid peroxidase (anti-TPO) in severe asthmatics and Sp-anti-U1-SnRNP in moderate asthmatics were significantly higher compared to healthy controls and mild asthmatic subjects (P < 0.05). Sp-anti-U1-SnRNP levels were positively correlated with the dose of inhaled corticosteroids, Sp eosinophil counts and fractional exhaled nitric oxide (r = 0.326, P = 0.022; r = 0.356, P = 0.012; r = 0.241, P = 0.025, respectively) and negatively correlated with Sp neutrophil counts (r = −0.308, P = 0.031) with adjustment for age. Spearman's correlation matrix showed multiple inter-correlations among Sp-Abs and Se-Abs (P < 0.05) while only the levels of Ab against DNA topoisomerase and anti-TPO in Se were correlated with those Sp-Ab counterparts (P < 0.05). The network-based analysis defined 2 clusters: clusters 1 and 2 contained 10 Sp-Abs and 10 Se-Abs, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This study observes that Sp-Abs are more associated with clinical parameters and the severity of disease in asthma compared to Se-Abs. Targeting on Sp-Abs which are the hallmark of the localized autoimmune event might help us better understand the role of autoimmunity in the pathological mechanism of asthma.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Asthma ; Autoantibodies ; Autoimmunity ; DNA Topoisomerases, Type I ; Eosinophils ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Iodide Peroxidase ; Lung ; Neutrophils ; Nitric Oxide ; Ribonucleoproteins, Small Nuclear ; Sputum

Chemical investigation of the roots of Uvaria grandiflora by repeated column chromatography(CC)over silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20, and HPLC resulted in the isolation of twelve compounds. Their structures were identified as: epicatechin-(4β→1′, 2→O→2′)-phloroglucinol(1), proanthocyanidin A-1(2), proanthocyanidin A-2(3), epicatechin(4), phlorizin(5), eriodictyol(6), erythro-guaiacylglycerol-8-O-4′-(coniferyl alcohol)ether(7), threo-guaiacylglycerol-8-O-4′-(coniferyl alcohol)ether(8), erythro-guaiacylglycerol-8-O-4′-(sinapyl alcohol)ether(9), threo-syringylglycerol-8-O-4′-(sinapyl alcohol)ether(10), burselignan(11)and icariol A2(12). Compounds 1 to 12 were all isolated from this plant for the first time, and compound 1 was a new natural product.

Objective To observe the expression of apoptosis related protein c-inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP)2 by RNA interference of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1)vpr gene and analyze the apoptosis of Jurkat cells.Methods Vector (NC),HIV-1vpr (vpr),vpr+ pRNAT-U6.1/Neo-vpr-56 (Si56) and vpr+ pRNAT-U6.1/Neo-vpr-160 (Si160) were transfected to Jurkat cells and cultured for 48 hours.The total RNA and protein were extracted.Expression of vpr gene was detected by reverse transcription (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to confirm the success of transfection.Expression of c IAP2 was detected by RT-PCR and Western Blot.The apoptosis of Jurkat cells was observed by flow cytometry.Results Expression of vpr gene was detected in vpr,Si56 and Si160 groups.The mRNA expression levels in Si56 and Si160 groups were significantly lower than that in vpr group,which declined 87.2％ and 82.2％,respectively (P＜0.05).The levels of c IAP2 mRNA expression in vpr,Si56 and Si160 groups were increased by 3.75,2.49 and 2.65 folds,respectively,compared to that in NC group.However,the c-IAP2 mRNA expressions in Si56 and Si160 groups were lower than that in vpr group,which declined 33.7％ and 29.5％,respectively (P ＜ 0.05).The c-IAP2 protein expression was consistent with mRNA by immunoblotting,and those in Si56 and Si160 groups were declined 42.2％ and 46.8％,respectively,compared to that in vpr group (P＜0.05).The apoptosis of J urkat cells was detected in all groups.Compared to NC group,the apoptotic rate in vpr group was increased by 1.76 folds.However,the differences of apoptosis rate among NC,Si56 and Si160 groups were not statistically significant (all P＞0.05).Compared to vpr group,the apoptotic rates in Si56 and Si160 were significantly decreased by 19.26％ and 18.05％,respectively (P＜0.05).Conclusions The expression of c-IAP2 could be downregulated by knockdown of HIV-1 vpr gene in transcription and protein levels,and the apoptosis of Jurkat cells is inhibited.