Objective To understand the current status and trends of research on the TCM treatment for stable phase of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD);To provide references for relevant research.Methods Literature about TCM treatment for stable phase of COPD was retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure,Wanfang Data,VIP Information Chinese Journal Service Platform,and SinoMed from the establishment of the databases to Sep 1,2022.NoteExpress 3.4 was used to sort out the basic data of papers.Excel 2016 was employed to count first authors,syndrome type,prescription and draw a run chart of publication,determine the number of journals in the core area according to Bradford law.Core authors statistically were analyzed according to Price law.Author collaboration network and keyword co-occurrence analysis were conducted using VOSviewer 1.6.18.CiteSpace 5.3.R4 was exploited to construct institutional collaboration network and study burst terms,and knowledge map was drawn.Results A total of 3 360 articles were included,involving 445 journals,with 2 691 first authors.The overall number of publications in this field showed an increasing trend,with clinical research being the main research type.There were 21 journals in the core region and the most frequently published journal was New Chinese Medicine.There were 125 core authors,with Li Zhuying and Li Jiansheng posting the most articles.Author collaboration network analysis showed 10 major research teams and the largest of which was Li Jiansheng's team.There were 1 451 institutions,mainly were universities and affiliated hospitals.There were 62 types of syndromes in the stable phase of COPD,the most common of which was the syndrome of qi deficiency of lung and spleen.There were 541 kinds of prescriptions in total,and the most commonly used was Bufei Decoction.Keyword co-occurrence analysis showed 8 subjects,and the high-frequency keywords included lung function,clinical efficacy,quality of life,clinical observation and TCM treatment.22 burst terms were obtained,with Budesonide Fumotro,six-word songs,Yupingfeng Powder and inflammatory factors highly concerned at present.Conclusion The research fever of TCM treatment for COPD in stable period shows an increasing trend,and clinical research accounts for the largest proportion,but the general quality is not high,and basic research is relatively lacking.The research focuses on the inhibition of airway inflammation and immune regulation,and lung function and quality of life are the most commonly used evaluation indicators.

Objective To study the rheological properties of terbinafine hydrochloride cream,and provide a research basis for the consistency of this product.Methods The Kinexus rheometer was used to determine the dynamic and steady rheological parameters of terbinafine hydrochloride cream.Comparative studies on the rheological curves,yield stress,viscosity measurement,linear viscoelasticity and creep recovery of original and generic terbinafine hydrochloride cream were carried out.Results The original and generic terbinafine hydrochloride cream were both non-Newtonian fluid with shear thinning.The yield stress of three generic were similar to the original.The linear viscoelastic region of three generic were similar to the original,and the ranges of linear viscoelastic were both 0.01％-1％,the elastic moduli were all greater than the viscosity moduli and were viscoelastic materials.It could be seen from the creep recovery curve that the creep behavior of three generic were basically the same with the original.Conclusion Among the six terbinafine hydrochloride creams measured experimentally,the rheological properties of most generic drugs are basically the same as the original.

Adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia(ALSP)is a clinically rare autosomal dominant genetic disease,and its specific pathogenesis is not yet clear.The colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor(CSF1R)is a transmembrane tyrosine kinase receptor on the cell surface and mutations in the gene encoding it have been identified as potential pathogenic factors for ALSP.However,the specific mechanisms by which CSF1R gene mutations lead to the onset of ALSP are still unclear.After reviewing the mutation sites and pathogenic mechanisms of CSF1R in the pathogenesis of ALSP,CSF1R mutations have been shown to cause microglial dysfunction through mechanisms such as dominant-negative effects,loss of function,haploinsufficiency,and gain of function,thereby leading to the onset of ALSP.A deeper understanding of the causes of ALSP will help in exploring potential treatment methods.

Objective To observe the effect of Jinshui Liujun decoction on airway lesions in mice with COPD and explore its possible mechanism.Methods 48 C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into blank group,model group,Jinshui Liujun decoction group and NAC group,with 12 in each group.The COPD mouse model was established by intranasal drip of LPS and smoking,and the corresponding drugs were given intragastric administration for 14 days after the model was established.Observe the general condition of the mice,measure the MV,PEF and PIF of the mice with the small animal lung function instrument,semi quantitatively evaluate the inflammation of the lung tissue,the thickness of the alveolar septum and the thickness of the airway wall with HE staining,and observe the airway mucus secretion and goblet cell proliferation with PAS staining.The content of MPO,SA and Urea in BALF was detected by the kit,and the ratio of SA and Urea was calculated.The content of MUC5AC in BALF was detected by ELISA.The levels of ROS,GSH,GSSG and GR in lung tissue were detected with the kit,and the ratio of GSH and GSSG was calculated.The expression level of CFTR mRNA in lung tissue was detected by qRT-PCR.Western blot was used to detect the expression level of CFTR protein in lung tissue.Results Compared with the control group,the growth of mice in the model group was poor.The body weight at each time point during the modeling period decreased(P<0.01),and the indexes of MV,PEF and PIF decreased(P<0.01).The lung tissue pathological score,alveolar septal thickness,airway wall thickness,airway mucus and goblet cell increased(P<0.01).The levels of SA,SA/Urea,MUC5AC and MPO in BALF increased(P<0.01),and the level of Urea decreased(P<0.01),The levels of ROS and GSSG in lung tissue increased(P<0.01),and the levels of GSH,GSH/GSSG,and GR decreased(P<0.01).The expression levels of CFTR mRNA and protein in lung tissue decreased(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the growth condition of COPD mice improved,the body weight increased at each time point during the modeling period(P<0.05,P<0.01),the indexes of MV,PEF and PIF improved significantly(P<0.01),the pathological score of lung tissue,the thickness of alveolar septa,the thickness of airway wall,airway mucus and goblet cell decreased(P<0.01,P<0.05),and the levels of SA,SA/Urea,MUC5AC and MPO in BALF decreased(P<0.01),And an increase in Urea levels(P<0.01),a decrease in ROS and GSSG levels in lung tissue(P<0.01),and an increase in GSH,GSH/GSSG,and GR levels(P<0.01).The expression levels of CFTR mRNA and protein in lung tissue increased(P<0.01).Conclusion Jinshui Liujun decoction can correct CFTR acquired defects through antioxidant effects to improve airway lesions in COPD.

Objective To observe the value of CT radiomics nomogram for predicting Ki-67 expression of thymus epithelial tumors.Methods Totally 163 patients with thymus epithelial tumor,including 114 patients in training set and 49 patients in validation set were retrospectively enrolled.The patients were further divided into low expression(＜50％)and high expression(≥50％)subgroups according to Ki-67 index.Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to screen independent predicting factors of Ki-67 expression in thymus epithelial tumors,and clinical-CT model was constructed.The optimal radiomics features were extracted and screened based on chest plain and venous phase enhanced CT images,respectively.Then radiomics modelplain and radiomics modelenhanced were constructed,and Radscoreplain and Radscoreenhanced were calculated,respectively.The nomogram model was constructed based on clinical-CT model,Radscoreplain and Radscoreenhanced.Receiver operating characteristic curves were drawn,and the area under the curves(AUC)were calculated to evaluate the efficacy of each model for predicting Ki-67 expression of thymus epithelial tumors.Results Patient's gender and enhanced CT value of lesion were both independent predicting factors of Ki-67 expression in thymus epithelial tumors(both P＜0.05).The AUC of clinical-CT model,radiomics modelplain,radiomics modelenhanced and nomogram model for predicting Ki-67 expression was 0.736,0.814,0.836 and 0.857 in training set,which was 0.746,0.746,0.750 and 0.799 in validation set,respectively.Conclusion CT radiomics nomogram could be used to predict Ki-6 7 expression of thymus epithelial tumors.

Parkinson′s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder, and the abnormal levels of its pathological marker ɑ-synuclein (ɑ-syn) are often accompanied by imbalanced heavy metal homeostasis. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear, with limited research. This review explores the interactions between iron, copper, zinc, and manganese with pathological ɑ-syn′s abnormal expression, aggregation, and degradation in development and progression of PD. It also discusses potential therapeutic directions for addressing heavy metal imbalances in PD patients.

The purpose of this research was to compare the therapeutic efficacy of multiple-rod constructs vis-a-vis 2-rod constructs in the treatment of adult spinal deformity. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed to determine whether the multiple-rod construct outperformed the 2-rod construct. We initially retrieved 357 papers, but only 12 were chosen for further meta-analysis. The rod breakage rates in the multiple-rod and the 2-rod groups were 10.66% and 29.87%, respectively. The multiple-rod construct inhibited rod breakage (odds ratio [OR], 0.28; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.19–0.41; p<0.001), pseudarthrosis (OR, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.18–0.50; p<0.001) and rod fracture at the osteotomy site (OR, 0.34; 95% CI, 0.13–0.89; p=0.03). Furthermore, the multiple-rod construct reduces the risk of revision surgery (OR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.20–0.73; p=0.04) as well as the revision risk of pseudarthrosis/rod fracture in the multiple- rod group (OR, 0.31; 95% CI, 0.18–0.52; p<0.001), but increases the risk of caudal screw loosening (OR, 4.99; 95% CI, 1.87–13.30; p=0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) parameters (p=0.85), cerebrospinal fluid leakage (p=0.09), wound infection (p =0.71), age at surgery (p=0.62), gender distribution (p=0.93), body mass index (p =0.86), smoking status (p=0.05), hospital stay (p=0.09), osteoporosis (p=0.95), CoCr rod material (p=0.15), bone morphogenetic protein-2 (p=0.58), L5/S1 interbody fusion (p=0.07), high-grade osteotomies (p=0.07), the number of fusion levels (p=0.11), operation time (p=0.30), and blood loss volume (p=0.34). Regarding radiographic parameters, only preoperative sagittal vertical axis was found to be higher (weight means difference [WMD], 25.60; 95% CI, 15.43–35.77; p<0.001) in the multiple-rod group. There was no difference in preoperative Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) (WMD, −3.32; 95% CI, −7.38 to 0.73; p=0.11), but the multiple-rod group had a lower ODI at follow-up (WMD, −7.71; 95% CI, −11.62 to −3.86; p<0.001). Multiple-rod constructs could prevent rod breakage and pseudarthrosis while also lowering the revision rate, resulting in a better clinical outcome than the 2-rod construct. Nonetheless, due consideration should be given to PJK and screw loosening in multiple-rod constructs, possibly due to the increased stiffness caused by the multiple-rod structure.

Objective To investigate the effect of C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 13 protein(CTRP13)on the autophagy function of primary rat liver sinusoidal endothelial cells(rLSECs)induced by high glucose through AMP-activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin complex(AMPK/mTOR)pathway.Methods After isolation,identification and culture,original rat liver sinusoid endothelial cells(rrLSECs)were divided into normal control(NC)group,high glucose(HG)group,HG +LV-CTRP13 group,HG+ lentiviral empty vector(LV-Con)group(HG+LV-Con).CTRP13 lentivirus over expression vector(LV-CTRP13)and lentivirus empty vector(LV-Con)were constructed and transfected into rrLSECs.According to the intervention methods of AMPK inhibitor Compound C,mTOR inhibitor Torin1 and autophagy inhibitor 3MA,the transfected cell were divided into normal control(NC)group,high glucose(HG)group,HG+LV-CTRP13 group,HG+lentiviral empty vector(LV-Con)group(HG+ LV-Con).qRT-PCR and western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of CTRP13,autophagy related protein Beclin1,human microtubule-associated protein light chain 3II(LC3II),human plasma membrane membrane vesicle association proteins(PLVAP)and p-AMPK and p-MTOR in rat rLSECs of each group.Results Compared with NC group,the number of autophagosome was decreased in HG and HG+LV-CTRP13 group(P＜0.05).Compared with HG group,the number of autophagosome bodies was increased in HG +LV-CTRP13 group(P＜0.05).The CTRP13 mRNA and protein expression was higher in NC and HG + LV-CTRP13 groups than in HG and HG + LV-Con groups(P＜0.05).In HG+LC-CTRP13 group,Beclin1,LC3II,p-AMPK,and AMPK mRNA,Beclin1,LC3II/LC3I protein expression were higher than HG and HG + LV-Con group(P＜0.05),PLVAP,p-mTOR,mTOR mRNA,and PLVAP protein expression were lower than HG and HG+LV-Con group(P＜0.05).Comparison with HG + LV-CTRP13,p-mTOR protein expression in HG+LV-CTRP13+Compound C group increased(P＜0.05),while expressions of CTRP13,Beclin1 and LC3II/LC3I protein decreased(P＜0.05);the protein expressions of p-AMPK,Beclin1 and LC3II/LC3I were increased in HG+LV+ CTRP13+Torin1 group(P＜0.05),while CTRP13 and p-mTOR protein expression was decreased(P＜0.05);protein expressions of p-AMPK,p-mTOR and LC3II/LC3I were higher in HG+LV-CTRP13 + 3MA group(P＜0.05),while LC3II/LC3I protein expression was lower(P＜0.05).Conclusion CTRP13 overexpression activates AMPK/mTOR-autophagy signaling pathway,which may play a protective role in the function of rLSECs anddelay liver sinusoid capillarization.

Objective:To test and evaluate the reliability and clinical effectiveness of osteoporotic thoracolumbar fracture (OTLF) scoring and classification system.Methods:A multicenter retrospective case series study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 530 OTLF patients admitted to 8 hospitals including Honghui Hospital Affiliated to Xi'an Jiaotong University from January 2021 to June 2022. There were 212 males and 318 females, aged 55-90 years [(72.6±10.8)years]. There were 4 patients with grade C and 18 with grade D according to American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) classification. According to the osteoporotic thoracolumbar injury classification and severity (OTLICS) score, all patients had an OTLICS score over 4 points and required surgical treatment. Among them, 410 patients had acute symptomatic OTLF (ASOTLF), including 24 patients with type I, 159 type IIA, 47 type IIB, 31 type IIC, 136 type IIIA, 8 type IIIB, 2 type IV (absence of neurological symptoms) and 3 type IV (presence of neurological symptoms), and 120 patients had chronic symptomatic OTLF (CSOTLF), including 62 patients with type I, 21 type II, 17 type III, 3 type IV (reducible under general anesthesia), 9 type IV (not reducible under general anesthesia), 1 type V (reducible under general anesthesia), 5 type V (presence of neurological symptoms), and 2 type V (not reducible under general anesthesia). Surgical procedures included percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP), positional repositioning plus PVP, percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP), posterior open reduction combined with bone graft fusion and bone cement augmented screw internal fixation, posterior open reduction combined with decompression, bone graft fusion and bone cement augmented screw internal fixation, and posterior open reduction combined with osteotomy and orthopedics, bone graft fusion and bone cement augmented screw internal fixation. A weighted Kappa was used to test the interobserver and intraobserver reliability of the OTLICS score, the ASOTLF classification, and the CSOTLF classification. The visual analog scale (VAS), Oswestry disability index (ODI), ASIA classification were compared before, at 1 month after surgery and at the last follow-up. Incidence of postoperative complications was observed.Results:The percentage of mean interobserver agreement for OTLICS staging was 93.4%, with a mean confidence Kappa value of 0.86, and the percentage of mean intraobserver agreement was 93.0%, with a mean confidence kappa value of 0.86. The percentage of mean interobserver agreement for ASOTLF staging was 94.2%, with a mean confidence Kappa value of 0.84, and the percentage of mean intraobserver agreement was 92.5%, with a mean confidence Kappa value of 0.83. The percentage of mean interobserver agreement for CSOTLF subtyping was 91.9%, with a mean confidence Kappa value of 0.80, and the percentage of mean intraobserver agreement was 91.3%, with a mean confidence Kappa value of 0.81. All the patients were followed up for 6-12 months [(9.0±2.1)months]. The VAS and ODI scores were significantly lower in patients with ASOTLF and CSOTLF classifications at 1 month after surgery and at the last follow-up than those before surgery (all P<0.05). The VAS scores in patients with ASOTLF types IIA, IIB, IIC, IIIA, and IV were significantly lower at the last follow-up than that at 1 month after surgery; the ODI scores in patients with ASOTLF types I, IIA, IIB, IIIA, IIIB and IV were significantly lower at the last follow-up than those at 1 month after surgery. The VAS scores in patients with CSOTLF types II, III, IV, and V were significantly lower at the last follow-up than those at 1 month after surgery, and the ODI scores in patients with all CSOTLF types were significantly lower at the last follow-up than those at 1 month after surgery (all P<0.05). Two patients with ASIA grade C recovered to grade D, and the rest recovered to grade E at the last follow-up ( P<0.01). No major vessel or nerve injury or internal fixation failure was found during follow-up. There were 18 patients with cement leakage, none of whom showed relevant clinical symptoms. There were 35 patients with new vertebral fractures, all of whom recovered well after symptomatic treatment. Conclusions:The OTLICS score, ASOTLF classification and CSOTLF classification have a high degree of reliability. Application of stepwise treatment for patients with different levels of injury according to the scoring and classification system can reduce pain, promote recovery of the spinal function, and reduce complications, which is of some significance in guiding the selection of clinical treatment.

Objective:To investigate the diagnostic value of prenatal MRI in the detection of abnormal placental cord insertions (APCIs) comparing with prenatal ultrasound and pathological examination.Methods:A retrospective data collection was conducted on 440 patients who underwent both prenatal placental ultrasound and MRI at the Foshan Women and Children Hospital from December 2013 to December 2021. Among them, 37 cases were APCIs confirmed by surgery or pathology. The prenatal placental MRI findings were analyzed and compared with prenatal ultrasound diagnosis. The diagnostic efficacy of prenatal MRI and ultrasound in diagnosing APCIs was calculated.Results:Among the 37 cases of APCIs confirmed by surgery or pathology, 17 cases had marginal cord insertion (MCI), 13 cases had velamentous cord insertion (VCI), 5 cases had vasa previa (VP), and 2 cases had VCI combined with VP. The sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound diagnosis for APCIs were 59.5% (22/37) and 97.8% (394/403), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of MRI diagnosis for APCIs were 86.5% (32/37) and 98.5% (397/403), respectively. Among the 37 cases of APCIs, prenatal MRI missed diagnosis of 2 cases of MCI, 2 cases of VCI, and misdiagnosed 1 case of VCI as an accessory placenta. MRI identified 10 cases of APCIs missed by ultrasound, including 5 cases of MCI, 2 cases of VP, 2 cases of VCI, and 1 case of combined VCI with VP. Additionally, ultrasound misdiagnosed 4 cases of APCIs, including 2 cases of VCI misdiagnosed as MCI and 2 cases of MCI misdiagnosed as VCI.Conclusions:For APCIs complicated with abnormalities of placental location or morphology, or placental accretion spectrum disease in late pregnancy, MRI has a higher diagnostic efficacy than ultrasound.