Objective To explore the effect of influenza vaccination on the prevention of respiratory tract infection in preschool children. Methods The clinical data of 400 preschool children (1-6 years old) who were diagnosed with respiratory tract infection for the first time in department of pediatrics of Xi&#39;an Third Hospital and second department of respiratory medicine of Xi&#39;an Children&#39;s Hospital were retrospectively analyzed from January 2023 to December 2023, including acute bronchitis, upper respiratory tract infection and pneumonia. According to the actual influenza vaccination status, the patients were divided into vaccination group (n=210) and non-vaccination group (n=190). The incidence of respiratory tract infection was compared between both groups. The fever duration, average course of disease, hospitalization rate, clinical symptoms scores (fever, cough, nasal congestion, sore throat), inflammation indicators [C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophil percentage (NE%)] and recurrence rate after 6 months of follow-up were compared. Results The incidence of respiratory tract infection in the vaccination group was significantly lower than that in the non-vaccination group (21.43% vs 43.16%, P<0.05), and the hospitalization rate was significantly lower compared with that in the non-vaccination group (P<0.05). The scores of fever, cough, nasal congestion and sore throat were lower in the vaccination group than those in the non-vaccination group (P<0.05), and the CRP, WBC and NE% were significantly lower compared to the non-vaccination group (P<0.05). After 6 months of follow-up, the recurrence rate in the vaccination group was 11.11% (5/45), which was significantly lower than 26.83% (22/82) in the non-vaccination group (χ²=0.038, P=4.288<0.05). Conclusion Influenza vaccination can effectively reduce the incidence of respiratory tract infection in preschool children, relieve the symptoms and shorten the disease course after infection. Its preventive effect on influenza is particularly significant, suggesting the importance of strengthening influenza vaccination in preschool children.

Objective To investigate the correlation between the concentration of air pollutants (PM₁₀, SO₂, NO₂) and the number of outpatient and emergency visits for pediatric respiratory diseases in a general hospital in Shanghai. Methods Data including pediatric respiratory disease outpatient and emergency visits in a hospital in Pudong New Area of Shanghai from May 1, 2013 to March 20, 2022 were collected. Daily concentration of air pollutants including PM₁₀, SO₂ and NO₂ and meteorological data in Pudong New Area during the same period were collected. A case-crossover study with distributed lag non-linear model was conducted to explore the correlation between air pollutants (PM₁₀, SO₂, NO₂) and the number of outpatient and emergency visits for pediatric respiratory diseases. Results The concentrations of PM₁₀, SO₂ and NO₂ were positively with the number of outpatient and emergency visits for pediatric respiratory diseases. The strongest cumulative effect was observed on six days lag (Lag0-5) for PM₁₀. For a 10 μg/m³ increase of the concentrations of PM₁₀, the corresponding increase of cumulative pediatric respiratory disease outpatients was 1.10% (95%CI:0.97%, 1.23%) in Lag0-5. The strongest cumulative effect was observed on eight days lag (Lag0-7) for SO₂ and NO₂. For a 10 μg /m³ increase of the concentrations of SO₂ and NO₂, the corresponding increase of cumulative pediatric respiratory disease outpatients was 5.64% (95%CI:5.16%, 6.13%) and 5.41% (95%CI:5.15%, 5.66%) in Lag 0-7, respectively. The association of PM₁₀ and SO₂ with the number of pediatric respiratory disease visits in males was significantly stronger than that in females. The impact of PM₁₀ on the number of pediatric respiratory disease visits in children aged 0-6 was higher than that in children aged 7-14, while the impact of SO₂ and NO₂ on the number of pediatric respiratory disease visits in children aged 7-14 was higher than that in children aged 0-6. Conclusion The concentration of ambient PM₁₀, SO₂, and NO₂ is positively correlated with outpatient and emergency visits for pediatric respiratory diseases, with obvious lag and cumulative effect. Boys and children aged 0-6 are more susceptible to the hazard of air pollution.

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of new occupational pneumoconiosis in Zigong City from 2018 to 2022, and to provide the basis for further prevention and treatment of local pneumoconiosis. Methods The information of newly diagnosed and reported cases of pneumoconiosis in Zigong City from 2018 to 2022 was collected through the occupational disease and occupational health information monitoring system, and the characteristics of the distribution of pneumoconiosis in three regions, the composition of diseases and the length of service of exposure to dust were analyzed. Results From 2018 to 2022, the top 3 newly diagnosed pneumoconiosis diseases in Zigong City were silicosis, coal workers&#39; pneumoconiosis and asbestosis. Silicosis cases were mainly distributed in small and medium-sized employers, accounting for 81.41%. Coal workers&#39; pneumoconiosis was mainly distributed in large and medium-sized employers, accounting for 97.24%. Asbestosis mainly distributed in large scale employers, accounting for 96.36%. There was significant difference in dust handling age of different scale employers (H=11.453, P<0.05). The median ages of silicosis, coal workers' pneumoconiosis and other pneumoconiosis were 47.0 years, 52.0 years and 48.2 years, respectively. The median age of dust handling was 3.3 years, 22.0 years and 23.2 years, respectively. The age of onset of coal workers' pneumoconiosis was higher than that of silicosis and other pneumoconiosis (H=72.547, P<0.05), and the age of dust exposure of silicosis was shorter than that of coal workers' pneumoconiosis and other pneumoconiosis (H=10.453, P<0.05). Conclusion The current situation of pneumoconiosis in Zigong City is still severe, with obvious clustering in disease types and industries. Prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis in key industries should be further strengthened to protect the health rights and interests of workers.

Objective To investigate the mortality characteristics and disease burden changes of acute coronary heart disease among residents in Zigong between 2019 and 2022 , thus providing relevant basis for the prevention and treatment of acute coronary heart disease. Methods Data on the mortality of acute coronary heart disease among residents in Zigong between January 2019 and December 2022 were obtained. The mortality , Years of Life Lost (YLL) and Years Lived With Disability (YLD) rates were calculated, and the Annual Percentage Change (APC) statistics were used to characterize the magnitude and direction of trends. Results The morbidity rate of acute coronary heart disease in Zigong was 58.57/100 000 in 2019 and 62.03/100 000 in 2022, with an average annual increase of 4.44% (3.22% - 6.02%) . The total morbidity rate of acute coronary heart disease in males was higher than that in females. The acute coronary heart disease mortality rates showed an increase with age, with a particularly rapid increase in the 45+ age group. From 2019 to 2022 , the YLL rate of acute coronary heart disease increased from 16.51‰ to 26.88‰ , with an average annual increase of 5.10% (3.92% - 6.28%), and YLD increased from 33.16‰ to 36.18‰ , with an average annual increase of 4.20% (3.04% - 5.30%). Both YLL and YLD rates were higher in males than in females, and their average annual increases were also larger than those of females. Conclusion The mortality , YLL , and YLD rate of acute coronary heart disease in Zigong show an increasing trend from 2019 to 2022 , which cause a certain disease burden to the affected population in the area. Among them , males and individuals over 45 years old are particularly at high risk for acute coronary heart disease mortality.

Objective To explore the residual level of FPMs in indoor dust samples in Shenzhen from 2020 and 2021, and to analyze its temporal distribution characteristics. Methods In the present study, indoor dust samples (n=193) from residential buildings in Shenzhen. were collected to analyze the temporal variation characteristics of FPMs. Ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was applied to determine the concentrations of FP and its four major metabolites (fipronil-sulfone, fipronil-sulfide, fipronil-desulfinyl, and fipronil-amide; abbreviated as FP-SFO, FP-SFI, FP-DES, and FP-AM) in the samples. The sum of the concentrations of FP and its four metabolites was represented as additive mass concentration (ΣFPMs). Additionaly, Wilcoxon test was performed to determine the temporal distribution differences of FPMs’ concentrations. Results From 2020 to 2021, the concentration of ΣFPMs for the in door dust samples in Shenzhen ranged from 0.51 to 4 415 ng/g (median: 18.8ng/g). FP, FP-SFO AND FP-SFI were the major target analytes in the sample with detection rates of 90.60%，86.20% and 75.40%, respectively. The detection rates of other metabolites were low (≤ 44.3%). Analysis of the temporal variation trend of FPMs’ concentrations showed that there was no significant difference in the levels of ΣFPMs between warm season（spring and summer）and cold season（autumn and winter）in the indoor dust samples from 2020 to 2021(2.38 vs 2.84ng/g , P > 0.05). However , the concentrations of FP-SFI and ΣFPMs in the indoor dust samples collected from 2021 showed an significantly increasing trend compared with 2020（1.02 vs 1.89 , 17.80vs. 20.10 ng/g , P < 0.05). Conclusion From 2020 to 2021 , the detection level of FPMs in indoor dust in Shenzhen is relatively high and shows an upward trend , with no obvious seasonal difference. However, whether the residual level of FPMs in indoor dust poses a risk to human health needs further study.

Objective: To investigate the effects of interleukin ( IL) -10 on the proliferation of HaCaT cells and CaCl2 induced expression of differentiation markers and its possible molecular mechanisms． Methods: HaCaT cells were treated with various concentrations of IL-10 (0，3，10，30 ng / ml) for different time (0，24，48，72 h) ，cell proliferation was measured using MTS，and cell cycle was determined by flow cytometry．HaCaT cells were pretreated with IL-10 (final concentration 10 ng / ml) for 1 h，then incubated with or without CaCl2 (final concentration 1. 2 mmol / L) for 24，48，72 h ，Western blot was performed to detect the effect of IL-10 on the expression of HaCaT keratinocyte differentiation markers．After pretreatment of HaCaT cells with PD98059，an inhibitor of mitogen-activated kinase-ERK1 /2，and LY294002，an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol kinase-serine / threonine kinase (PI3K-AKT) ，the total RNA and proteins were extracted separately，real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blot were used to examine the influence of IL-10 on the expression of differentiation markers (Keratin1，Keratin5，Involucrin) . Results : MTS results revealed that IL-10 (30 ng / ml and lower doses) did not alter the proliferation of HaCaT cells in 72 h．Flow cytometry analysis demonstrated that IL-10 had no significant influence on cell cycle progression．The results of Western blot showed that IL-10 upregulated the expression of differentiation markers Involucrin，while there was no significant effect on Keratin1 and Keratin5 ．Mechanism research analysis demonstrated that IL-10 could activate ERK1 /2 and AKT ，increase their phosphorylation levels ; RT-qPCR and Western blot results showed that PD98059 and LY294002 partially blocked IL-10 induced Involucrin expression． Conclusion At a particular concentration range，IL-10 has little effect on HaCaT proliferation ，but it partially upregulates the expression of differentiation marker Involucrin via the MAPKs-ERK1 /2 and PI3K-AKT pathways.

Objective To investigate the modification effect of atmospheric temperature on outpatient visits caused by O₃ in Linzhi City. Methods The daily outpatient data, the daily O₃ concentration and daily meteorological data (including daily average temperature, average relative humidity, etc.) in Linzhi City from 2018 to 2019 were collected. The distributed lag non-liner-model (DLNM) was used to quantitatively evaluate the impact of O₃ in different temperature layers on the risk of outpatient visits. Results At low temperature layers, the cumulative relative risk (CRR) of total outpatient visits and non-injury outpatient visits increased by 53.8%（4.2% -126.9%) and 59.1%（5.8% -139.2%）for every 10 μg/m³ increase of O₃ concentration, respectively. The subgroup analysis showed that for every 10 μg/m³ increase of O₃ concentration at low temperature, the CRR of patients with circulatory diseases, men, women, and people being <14 years old and 14-65 years old increased by 152.1% (15.1% - 451.9%), 58.3% (2.1%-145.5%), 49.2% (3.0% -116.1%), 39.6% (2.5% - 90.3%), and 61% (0.8%-157.1%), respectively. Conclusion The average temperature may have a modifying effect on the outpatient visits caused by O₃ in Linzhi City. In general, the cumulative risk increases as the temperature decreases.

AIM: To explore the effects of ranibizumab and conbercept combined with photodynamic therapy(PDT)on vision and hemorheology of polypoid choroidal vascular(PCV)lesions.

METHODS: Prospective research. A total of 120(120 eyes)PCV patients who were admitted to our hospital from 2017-02/2020-06 were enrolled and divided into 61 cases(61 eyes)in the ranibizumab combined with PDT treatment group according to the random number table. Conbercept combined with PDT treatment group of 59 patients(59 eyes), compared the intraocular pressure, best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), central retinal thickness(CRT), blood flow, and the incidence of complications within 3mo of follow-up between the two groups before and after treatment.

RESULTS: There was no difference in intraocular pressure, CRT, and BCVA at 1 and 3mo after treatment between the two groups(all P>0.05). The whole blood high shear viscosity and whole blood of the ranibizumab combined with PDT treatment group were 1 and 3mo after treatment. The low-shear viscosity was lower than the conbercept combined with PDT treatment group(all P<0.05). At the same time, the complication rate in the ranibizumab combined with PDT treatment group during the follow-up period of 3mo was lower than that in the conbercept combined with PDT treatment group(3.3% vs 16.9%, P<0.05).

CONCLUSION: The treatment of ranibizumab combined with PDT for patients with PCV disease is more conducive to hemorheological stability and reduces the incidence of complications.

Objective To explore the correlation between acute upper respiratory tract infection and meteorological factors in Zigong area from 2016 to 2021. Methods All acute upper respiratory tract infection cases from the Emergency Department of the First People's Hospital of Zigong City from 2016 to 2021 and meteorological data (including but not limited to temperature, relative humidity, air pressure, sunshine time, wind speed, etc.) during the same period were collected. Cases were screened from emergency electronic data, and medical records that met the criteria were included in this study to analyze the relationship between acute upper respiratory tract infection and meteorological factors. Results A total of 5 608 patients were enrolled in this study, including 3,893 males (69.42%) and 1,715 females (30.58%), with an average age of 50.17±9.81 years. The predisposing factors were climate change in 2331 cases (41.57%), history of chronic respiratory diseases in 1458 cases (26.00%), low immune function in the elderly or young children in 1106 cases (19.72%), vitamin deficiency in 512 cases (9.13%), and others in 201 cases (3.58%). Acute upper respiratory infections in Zigong area occurred all year round. Spring had more respiratory infections than other seasons, and the season with the fewest infections was autumn. Among them, May had the highest number of cases (650 cases), followed by January (592 cases). September had the least number of cases (475 cases), followed by August (480 cases). The daily incidence of upper respiratory tract infection in this area was negatively correlated with daily average temperature, sunshine duration and daily precipitation (r_{daily average temperature}=-0.635, P_{daily average temperature}=0.027; r_{sunshine duration}=-0.678, P_{sunshine duration}=0.015; r_{day precipitation}=-0.691, p_{day precipitation}=0.013), and positively correlated with the daily temperature range and 24 hrs pressure change (r_{temperature daily range}=0.644, P_{temperature daily range}=0.024; r_{24hrs change pressure}=0.579, P_{24hrs change pressure}=0.049). AURI-induced complications were negatively correlated with daily average temperature (r_{daily average temperature}=-0.718, P _{daily average temperature}=0.009), and positively correlated with daily temperature range (r_{temperature daily range}=0.651, P_{temperature daily range}=0.022). The analysis of multi-factor regression integration showed that the consistency of the test results exceeded 70%, and it exceeded 85% at the same level or adjacent levels. Conclusion From 2016 to 2021, acute upper respiratory tract infection occurs throughout the year in Zigong, with the most in spring and the least in autumn. May and September are the two months with the highest and lowest number of cases, respectively. The number of cases is affected by the average daily temperature, sunshine duration, daily precipitation, daily temperature range and 24hrs variable pressure. The establishment of a respiratory medical weather forecast model by season has a strong forecasting ability for the number of acute upper respiratory infections.

Objective To examine the epidemiological characteristics and trends of the active pre-hospital transportation of 6 338 newborns. Methods Newborns who were actively transported from other hospitals to the neonatal transportation center of Xuzhou children’s hospital from January 2014 to December 2018 were enrolled in the present study. The demographic information, clinical characteristics and transport data of the newborns were retrospectively analyzed. The epidemiological trends of the neonatal transfers in different years were analyzed. Results A total of 6 338 cases were included in the study, including 4,093 boys and 2,245 girls. The proportion of girls increased year by year (P<0.05). The average gestational age was 36.62 weeks, with no significant difference between years (P>0.05). The proportion of transferred neonates within 24 hours showed a downward trend (P<0.05). The proportion of premature infants, extremely low birth weight infants, invasive respiratory support infants and critical cases increased yearly (P<0.05). The number of surgical transfer cases in 2017 and 2018 increased compared with the previous years (P<0.05). The top three diseases were neonatal aspiration pneumonia, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome and neonatal asphyxia. There were no differences in the levels of the referral hospitals, transportation time and distance (P>0.05). In the past five years, there were only two deaths in the transfers (0.32‰). The overall rate of successful transfers was 99.08%. Conclusion The proportion of extremely low birth weight neonates, critical cases, invasive respiratory support cases, and surgical disease cases transported from 2014 to 2018 increased year by year. It is necessary to strengthen training of the relevant medical personnel to improve their techniques and skills according to the epidemic trends of neonatal pre-hospital transfer.