Objective: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of costal cartilage septal-columellar composite grafts in refining nasal tip aesthetics for secondary unilateral cleft lip nasal deformities, and to provide a reference for clinical treatment. Methods: This study has been approved by the institutional medical ethics committee and informed consent was obtained from the patients. A total of 31 patients underwent surgery with a costal cartilage strut-septum complex stent graft. The follow-up period was a minimum of 6 months. Anteroposterior, lateral, and supine photos of the patient were taken before and after the operation. The following measurements were obtained: nasal tip projection (NTP), nasofrontal angle (NFA), nasolabial angle (NLA), nasal tip alar angle (NAA), and nasal tip tangent angle (NTA). Nostril-related indices [nostril area (S), nostril height (h1), nostril width (w), and nasal sill height (h2)]) were measured before and after surgery, and cleft/non-cleft side ratios were calculated. Satisfaction with nasal tip aesthetics was investigated using the visual analogue scale (VAS). All measurements were made using preoperative photographs and the most recent follow-up photographs of the patients. Results The follow-up period ranged from 6 to 49 months, with an average of 28 months. All patients underwent healing Results: The follow-up period ranged from 6 to 49 months, with an average of 28 months. All patients underwent healing by first intention. Compared with preoperative measurements, postoperative NTP (preoperative 0.48 vs. postoperative 0.55), NLA (preoperative 83.98° vs. postoperative 100.80°), and NAA (preoperative 160.30° vs. postoperative 168.40°) were significantly increased (P < 0.05). NFA (preoperative 139.20° vs. postoperative 133.50°, P < 0.05) and NTA (preoperative 43.76° vs. postoperative 35.80°, P = 0.062) were decreased. On the cleft versus non-cleft sides, the ratios of S (preoperative 1.10 vs. postoperative 0.94, P < 0.05), w (preoperative 1.10 vs. postoperative 1.02, P = 0.194), h1 (preoperative 0.71 vs. postoperative 0.90, P < 0.05), and h2 (preoperative 0.53 vs. postoperative 0.79, P = 0.065) were all near 1. Satisfaction with postoperative results was fairly high. Conclusion The costal cartilage strut-septum complex stent can effectively correct the deflection and collapse of the nasal tip in patients with unilateral cleft lip nose deformity. The postoperative long-term effect is relatively stable.

Objective To overcome the limitations of existing human respiratory syncytial virus(hRSV)animal models,such as semi-permissiveness and short duration of infection,this study established an IL2rg gene knockout(IL2rg-/-)rat model using TALEN gene editing technology.Methods The animal model was infected with hRSV intranasally.Clinical characteristics,body weight,and temperature changes were observed over the infection period(0～35 days).The total viral loads in respiratory organs,such as the nasal tissue,trachea,and lungs,were measured at various time points(4,11,20,and 35 days post-infection).Pathological analysis was conducted on target organs at the endpoint of observation(35 days post-infection).Changes in peripheral blood T,B,NK,and NKT cells and various cytokines were assessed at various time points(4,20,and 35 days post-infection).Results(1)IL2rg/-knockout rats sustained high viral loads in the nasal cavity upon intranasal inoculation with hRSV.The average peak titer rapidly reached 1 × 1010 copies/g in nasal tissue and 1 × 107 copies/g up to 5 weeks post-infection.(2)However,no significant pathological changes were noted in nasal,tracheal,or lung tissues.(3)An increase was observed in the content of peripheral blood B cells in hRSV-infected IL2rg--rats.(4)IL-6 and MCP-1 were increased in the early stage of infection and then decreased at the end of the observation period.Conclusions This study established a new IL2rg-/-rat model using TALEN technology and found that this model effectively supported high-level replication and long-term infection of hRSV,providing a good basis for antiviral drug screening and in vivo efficacy evaluation of anti-hRSV antibodies.

Objective:To delineate the surgical methodology and therapeutic paradigm of proximal tibial notch retrograde interlocking intramedullary nailing for ameliorating deformities due to osteofibrous dysplasia (OFD) in a pediatric population.Methods:A retrospective assessment was conducted on the medical records of individuals undergoing orthopedic osteotomy complemented by retrograde interlocking intramedullary nailing for OFD of the tibia from January 2016 to December 2019. The cohort comprised 15 patients, with a follow-up exceeding three years, documenting complete data sets. The patient profile included 8 males and 7 females, with 8 left-side and 7 right-side afflictions. The mean age at the time of surgery was 10.1±2.5 years, ranging from 7.1 to 12.6 years. Parameters measured were preoperative and postoperative imaging findings, which encompassed the scope of the lesion (longitudinal lesion length relative to tibial length), coronal and sagittal limb alignments, and lower limb length discrepancies.Results:The mean follow-up duration was 3.4±1.3 years, ranging from 3 to 6.6 years. Preoperatively, prominent anterior tibial arch deformities and limping were present, with 7 cases reporting fatigue-induced pain and 3 instances of pathological fractures. Post-surgery, pain symptoms were resolved, gait disturbances were improved in 9 patients, and completely resolved in 6. Tibial osteotomy or fracture healing of 15 patients averaged 3.9±0.7 months (range 3-5 months). The lesion range before surgery was 0.41±0.17, immediately after surgery was 0.38±0.17, and at the last follow-up was 0.30±0.16, with no statistical significance ( F=0.101, P=0.904). Lesion range showed no significant change throughout treatment, but radiographic density within the lesion notably increased post-surgery, suggesting bone improvement. The anterior tibial arch Angle was 28.30°±6.62° (range 20°-45°) before surgery, 4.73°±1.53° immediately after surgery, and 6.87°±1.36° at the last follow-up, with statistical significance ( F=159.739, P<0.001). A significant correction in the anterior tibial arch deformity was achieved and maintained postoperatively. There was no significant angular deformity of the tibia in the coronal plane before operation, and the medial proximal tibial angle (MPTA) and lateral distal tibial angle (LDTA) were 87.50°±1.46° and 88.30°±1.62°, 88.40°±1.46° and 88.70°±1.45° immediately after surgery, and 88.00°±1.39° and 89.10°±1.53° at the last follow-up, the differences were statistically significant ( F=1.741, P=0.188; F=1.016, P=0.371), there was no coronal deformity of tibia. The limb length discrepancy (LLD) was 0.60±0.98 cm before surgery, 0.18±0.93 cm at the last follow-up, with statistical significance ( t=0.096, P=0.761). There were no incidents of postoperative complications such as infection. Conclusion:In pediatric cases of tibial deformities attributed to osteofibrous dysplasia, a therapeutic strategy involving osteotomy for lower limb realignment, sans curettage or bone grafting of the lesion, followed by retrograde interlocking intramedullary nailing, yields favorable outcomes. Importantly, this implantation technique does not compromise the integrity of the proximal tibial epiphyseal plate in children and adolescents.

Objective:To explore the clinical effect of plating after lengthening to assist the consolidation of tibial shortening deformity in children.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted on 10 children with tibial shortening who were treated with circular external fixator lengthening and replacement with plate-assisted internal fixation (study group) in the Department of Pediatric Orthopedics of Tianjin Hospital from November 2019 to October 2022, and 16 children who were treated by circular external fixator only during the same period were enrolled as the external fixator group (control group). Among the 26 cases, there were 15 males and 11 females, 10 left knees and 16 right knees. The average age at the time of surgery was 8.8±4.7 years (range 5.1-13.8 years). The gender, side, age at the time of surgery were compared between the two groups. The extension length, external fixator index, healing index, Kolcaba comfort scale score, knee and ankle joint range of motion, complications and average total hospitalization costs were recorded.Results:There were no significant differences in gender, side, age at the time of surgery between the study group and control group. The extended lengths were 5.44±1.25 cm and 5.78±1.11 cm respectively without significant difference ( t=0.096, P=0.096). The external fixator index and healing index were 17.86±2.94 d/cm vs. 50.97±7.03 d/cm and 40.94±6.63 d/cm vs. 45.24±5.98 d/cm in study group and the control group with significant differences ( t=13.299, P<0.001; t=1.289, P=0.033). The Kolcaba comfort scale score of the children in the study group was higher than that of the control group, with significant difference ( t=6.821, P=0.001). Comparing the range of motion of the knee and ankle joints between the two groups, there were no significant differences before surgery, at the end of extension surgery, and at the final follow-up. When the extension end was healed, the range of motion of the knee joint was137.89°±4.40° vs. 114.09°±13.60° and ankle joint was 64.35°±5.50° vs. 56.65°±8.86° in the study group and control group with significant difference ( t=17.235, P<0.001; t=7.821, P=0.002). In the study group, 4 cases had pin tract infection, but no refracture occurred; in the control group, pin tract infection occurred in 13 cases, and refracture occurred in 2 cases after removal of the external fixator. The average total hospitalization cost of the study group was higher than that of the control group with significant difference ( t=3.745, P=0.036). Conclusion:The clinical effect of replacing plate-assisted internal fixator during the mineralization period of tibial shortening in children is reliable, and can significantly shorten the time for using external fixator. It is beneficial to the healing of the extended end of the osteotomy and the functional recovery of the knee and ankle joints. Being more comfortable for children with fewer complications, it is applicable for children who need long-distance extension, multiple extensions with limited joint function, poor tolerance for external fixators and low treatment compliance.

Objective Viral encephalitis is an infectious disease severely affecting human health.It is caused by a wide variety of viral pathogens,including herpes viruses,flaviviruses,enteroviruses,and other viruses.The laboratory diagnosis of viral encephalitis is a worldwide challenge.Recently,high-throughput sequencing technology has provided new tools for diagnosing central nervous system infections.Thus,In this study,we established a multipathogen detection platform for viral encephalitis based on amplicon sequencing. Methods We designed nine pairs of specific polymerase chain reaction(PCR)primers for the 12 viruses by reviewing the relevant literature.The detection ability of the primers was verified by software simulation and the detection of known positive samples.Amplicon sequencing was used to validate the samples,and consistency was compared with Sanger sequencing. Results The results showed that the target sequences of various pathogens were obtained at a coverage depth level greater than 20×,and the sequence lengths were consistent with the sizes of the predicted amplicons.The sequences were verified using the National Center for Biotechnology Information BLAST,and all results were consistent with the results of Sanger sequencing. Conclusion Amplicon-based high-throughput sequencing technology is feasible as a supplementary method for the pathogenic detection of viral encephalitis.It is also a useful tool for the high-volume screening of clinical samples.

Objective To analyze the factors affecting pathological complete response(pCR)of triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy,and construct a nomogram to forecast the pCR rate.Methods The clinical and pathological data of 348 TNBC patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the Air Force Medical University-Affiliated Xijing Hospital from May 2018 to May 2021 were collected and set as modeling set.The clinical and pathological data of 69 TNBC patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the Xi'an No.3 Hospital from May 2018 to May 2021 were collected and set as validation set.The clinical and pathological characteristics were compared between the modeling set and the validation set.In the modeling set,the independent risk factors of pCR in TNBC patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy were screened by LASSO regression model analysis,and the nomogram model was constructed.Internal validation of the model was conducted using Bootstrap method,and the discrimination of the model was assessed by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve.The accuracy of the model was evaluated by the calibration curve and the clinical benefits and application value of the model were evaluated by clinical decision curve analysis(DCA).Results There were significant differences in surgical method and T stage between the patients in modeling set and validation set(P<0.05).The results of analysis of LASSO regression model showed that T stage,N stage,the use of platinum drugs and clinical efficacy evaluation were independent risk factors of pCR in TNBC patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy(P<0.05).Based on the above variables,the nomogram models were constructed.In modeling set,area under curve(AUC)was 0.811(95%CI 0.763-0.859);in validation set,AUC was 0.801(95%CI 0.727-0.928).The Bootstrap method showed the C-index for internal validation was 0.79,indicating the model has good discrimination in both the modeling and validation sets.The calibration curve analysis showed that model predicted pCR rates had a good consistency with the actual observed values,and the DCA showed that model can bring clinical benefit.Conclusion The nomogram can accurately predict the pCR rates of TNBC patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and provide scientific basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective:To study the changes of immunoglobulins(IgG,IgA,IgM)and helper T cell Th9 subset,and their cor-relation with insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1)and S-100B protein in patients with Parkinson's disease(PD).Methods:A total of 108 patients with PD confirmed in Hebei Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were enrolled as study group between December 2020 and December 2022.According to disease severity,they were divided into mild group(35 cases),moderate group(44 cases)and severe group(29 cases);a total of 108 healthy adults were enrolled as control group.Levels of immunoglobulins and Th9 subset were compared between study group and control group,and levels of immunoglobulins,Th9 subset,IGF-1 and S-100B protein were compared among mild group,moderate group and severe group.Correlation between immunoglobulins,Th9 subset and IGF-1,S-100B proteins were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis.Correlation between disease severity and all differential indexes in PD patients were analyzed by Spearman correlation analysis.Results:IgM level in study group was lower than that in control group,and which was the lowest in severe group,followed by moderate group and mild group(P<0.05).Levels of IgG,IgA,IL-9 and Th9 subset in study group were higher than those in control group,and which were the highest in severe group,followed by moderate group and mild group(P<0.05).IGF-1 level was the lowest in severe group,followed by moderate group and mild group,while level of S-100B protein was on the contrary(P<0.05).Results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that IgM level was positively correlated with IGF-1 level,while negatively correlated with level of S-100B protein.Levels of IgG,IgA,IL-9 and Th9 subset were negatively correlated with IGF-1 level,while positively correlated with level of S-100B protein(P<0.05).Results of Spearman correlation analysis showed that the disease severity was negatively correlated with IgM and IGF-1 levels,while positively correlated with levels of S-100B protein,IgG,IgA,IL-9 and Th9 subset(P<0.05).Conclusion:IgM level is decreased,while levels of IgG,IgA and Th9 subset are increased in PD patients.Changes of the above indexes are significantly correlated with IGF-1 and S-100B,which can be applied to evaluate dis-ease severity.

Objective:To optimize the technical parameters related to the preparation of novel frozen human platelets and formulate corresponding protocol for its preparation.Methods:Novel frozen human platelets were prepared with O-type bagged platelet-rich plasma(PRP),the key technical parameters(DMSO addition,incubation time,centrifugation conditions,etc.)of the preparation process were optimized,and the quality of the frozen platelets was evaluated by routine blood tests,apoptosis rate,platelet activation rate and surface protein expression level.Results:In the preparation protocol of novel frozen human platelets,the operation of centrifugation to remove supernatant was adjusted to before the procedure of platelets freezing,and the effect of centrifugation on platelets was minimal when the centrifugation condition was 800 xg for 8 min.In addition,platelets incubated with DMSO for 30 min before centrifugation exhibited better quality after freezing and thawing.The indexes of novel frozen human platelets prepared with this protocol remained stable after long-term cryopreservation.Conclusion:The preparation technique of novel frozen human platelets was established and the protocol was formulated.It was also confirmed that the quality of frozen platelets could be improved by incubating platelets with DMSO for 30 min and then centrifuging them at 800 ×g for 8 min in the preparation of novel frozen human platelets.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical effect of bispherical augment in acetabular defects reconstruction in hip revision.Methods:This is a retrospective case series study. A retrospective analysis of 119 patients (124 hips) patients who underwent hip revision surgery and reconstructed with bispherical augment for acetabular bone defects from January 2019 to December 2023 was performed. There were 57 males (58 hips) and 62 females (66 hips), aged (65.0±11.8) years (range:40 to 102 years). The body mass index was (23.9±3.5) kg/m 2 (range:16.1 to 32.2 kg/m 2). Acetabular bone defects were typed as follows: 2 hips in Paprosky type ⅡA, 29 hips in type ⅡB, 34 hips in type ⅡC, 31 hips in type ⅢA, and 28 hips in type ⅢB, of which 9 patients (9 hips) were combined with pelvic discontinuity. Differences in Harris hip score (HHS) and lower limb discrepancy (LLD) were compared between preoperatively and final follow-up. The height of the hip center of rotation and the horizontal distance from the center of rotation to the teardrop were measured by radiographs before and after surgery, and prothesis stability and the occurrence of postoperative complications were evaluated. Data were compared using the paired sample t test. Results:All patients successfully completed the operation. The operation time was (167.0±53.4) minutes (range:90 to 380 minutes) and the intraoperative bleeding was (345.3±124.2) ml (range:100 to 1 200 ml). The height of the hip center of rotation decreased from (39.7±13.0) mm preoperatively to (21.8±7.1) mm postoperatively and the horizontal distance from the center of rotation to the teardrop increased from (34.0±10.1) mm preoperatively to (38.5±5.9) mm postoperatively, and the differences were statistically significant ( t=15.859, P<0.01; t=5.266, P<0.01). All the patients were followed up for (26.1±15.4) months (range:6 to 60 months). At the last follow-up, HHS improved from (35.2±10.0) points preoperatively to (85.5±9.5) points, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=50.723, P<0.01). LLD decreased from (2.1±1.1) cm preoperatively to (0.5±0.5) cm, and the difference was statistically significant ( t=13.767, P<0.01). All acetabular components were stable and free of displacement on imaging during follow-up. Three patients suffered dislocation and received closed reduction, all prosthesis were in good position during follow-up. No dislocation, loosening, fracture, recurrence of infection and vascular nerve injury occurred in other patients. Conclusion:Bispherical augment can effectively reconstruct acetabular bone defects, restore the hip center of rotation, and improve hip joint function scores at short and mid-term follow-up.

Pancreatic cancer, a highly malignant digestive system tumor, presents significant challenges in surgical treatment and generally has a poor prognosis. Luckily, the rapid development of medical artificial intelligence has facilitated its application in areas related to pancreatic cancer, including preoperative imaging diagnostics, rapid pathological diagnosis, surgical robotic systems, and the training of pancreatic surgery specialists. In this paper, we review the latest advancements in the application of medical artificial intelligence in pancreatic cancer, aiming to promote the deep integration of artificial intelligence in the field of pancreatic cancer surgery.