In recent years, driven by the support of national policies and societal needs for employments, talents in biology majors have been growing rapidly. To foster high-calibre biology talents for the society in the context of the "double world-class initiative" in higher education, this study analyzed the opinion of biology undergraduates in Huzhou University on employment and their professional recognition of biology majors. The aim of this study was to propose a high-quality employments-driven talent training mode for undergraduates in biology majors, so as to serve as a reference for the reform in training modes of other relevant majors.
Humans ; Universities ; Students ; Biology/education*

Objective To analyze the impact of canceling drug price markup policy on hospitalization expenses of urban public hospitals in Sichuan province and provide decision-making basis. Methods Data of hospitalization expenses of the top 50 diseases among inpatients discharged in 2016 and 2017 were collected, totaling 2 732 022 inpatient cases. Based on hospitalization expenses, these disease were divided into seven categories ( A-G) using dynamic clustering analysis, which represent respectively dominant diseases of different expense makeups, to compare such indicators as hospitalization expenses and composition ratios of these diseases before (2016) and after the reform (2017). Results The study found drastic changes among the medical expenses of different categories of dominant diseases. For example, per-hospitalization cost of categories E ( featuring high drug and examination expenses ) and G ( featuring balanced expenses distribution) diseases decreased since the reform, while the other categories rose instead. The proportion of drugs of different disease categories decreased to various extents. For example, category A ( high drug ratio of 5.60% ) and category E (5.15% ) diseases of which were found with the sharpest drop. Proportion of service expenses, on the other hand, rose to different extents. For example, the proportion of service expenses of all disease categories increased to varying degrees, among which category E (3.46% ), category F (3.37% ) and category D (3.36% ) accounted for the largest share of increase.Conclusions The reform is moving the cost structure of dominant diseases in Sichuan towards a rational level, yet with significant differences among disease categories. The authorities should target various categories to adjust their reimbursement policies, minimize financial burden on patients, strengthen their supervision on drug use and medical behavior, prevent such misbehaviors as the inducing demands and transferring drug markups.

Objective To explore the applicable conditions for using urine plutonium monitoring data to assess personal internal doses,in order to provide references for the occupational health management and the urine plutonium monitoring in nuclear sector.Methods Using some plutonium mixtures from DOE nuclear facilities,as an example,the urine plutonium levels were estimated through simulation calculation at 1 mSv effective dose arising from either acute or chronic inhalation of plutonium compounds,respectively.The results were compared with the typical detection limit of radiochemical separation and α-spectrometry.The feasibility of urine plutonium monitoring for dose assessment of internal radiation exposure was discussed.Results Only for type M plutonium compunds,1 mSv detection limit can be achieved using radiochemical separation and α-spectrometry within 10 d after inhalation.Conclusions Before the monitoring plan of urine plutonium is made,detection limits of monitoring method should be considered.Internal dose could be accessed using workplace air monitoring and working hours when necessary.

Objective To evaluate the performance of medical services of 18 tertiary hospitals in Sichuan province in 2016 based on DRGs, to identify objective methods to evaluate service quality and performance of medical institutions.Methods Based on the homepage data of inpatient medical records from 18 tertiary hospitals in Sichuan in 2016, using diagnosis-related groups as a risk-adjustment tool, the study evaluated the medical service quality and performance from three dimensions:medical ability,service efficiency and medical Quality.Results In the evaluation of medical service capacity, hospital I had the highest number of discharged cases and total weight(83 405 cases and 126 522.22),and hospital G had the lowest discharge cases and total weight(2 350 cases,2 797.12).The highest number of DRGs group was from hospital B(661 groups),and the lowest from hospital G(43 groups).The highest value of CMI was from hospital F(2.091),and the lowest from hospital D(0.953).Hospitals B,I and P had wide disease type range,while hospitals F, B and I had higher overall technical level than the other hospitals.Of the service efficiency evaluation,hospital E had the lowest time consumption index(0.740),and hospital P had the lowest expenditure index(1.073).Of the service quality evaluation,hospitals F and G had the lowest risk of mortality and the lower risk of mortality(0.00%,0.00%).Hospital I had the highest total score (100.0 points), and hospital G had the lowest total score(51.1 points).Conclusions DRGs based evaluation on medical service quality and performance of medical institutions can ensure reliability and scientific adequacy of evaluation.It may contribute to the continuous improvement of medical quality, and provide data support and decision reference for medical service supervision.

OBJECTIVETo analyze a child with facial abnormalities with combined cytogenetic and molecular techniques and delineate its clinical phenotype.

METHODSNeuropsychological profile of the child was analyzed. Color Doppler, CT and MRI were used for detecting the nodules in the body. Conventional peripheral blood karyotypes of the child and his parents were analyzed with G-banding. Array-comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) was performed to detect minor structural chromosomal abnormalities.

RESULTSThe child had mental retardation, maxillofacial dysmorphism on the right side, and irregular solid nodules on the back. The karyotypes of the child and his parents were all normal, while aCGH has identified a de novo constitutive 1.2 Mb deletion at 17q11.2 in the child. The aCGH results of his parents were normal.

CONCLUSIONThe de novo 17q11.2 microdeletion probably underlies the facial abnormalities and neurofibromatosis in the patient.

Child, Preschool ; Chromosome Banding ; Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17 ; genetics ; Comparative Genomic Hybridization ; Humans ; Intellectual Disability ; genetics ; Karyotyping ; Male ; Maxillofacial Abnormalities ; genetics ; Phenotype ; Smith-Magenis Syndrome ; genetics

Objective To explore methods to develop a hospital quality of care index system of county level hospitals based on the homepage of inpatient medical records and examine the validity of this system. Methods By means of literature review, homepage data and panel discussion, along with theories and statistical methods, indexes were identified. The dimensions and indices of the index system were pinpointed. Confirmatory factor analysis and normalization methods were combined to calculate the weights and scores of such indices. Scores were adjusted by Charlson comorbidity index ( CCI) with multi-regression method. The hospitals were ranked by adjusted scores in each dimension. The validity was evaluated by comparing the application results to universally acknowledged standards, such as hospital level and economic level of the geographic areas. Results An index system with 6 dimensions and 25 indices was developed, and the application results proved valid to some extent. The adjustment of CCI also proved effective. The 6 dimensions were correlated yet their directions were not consistent. Conclusions The methods and data used to develop the system have demonstrated strong operability and availability. The application results can reflect medical care quality in different aspects making it applicable among homogeneous hospitals. It is meaningful to assess dimensions respectively.

Objective To explore diagnosis-related groups(DRGs) case mixes and development approaches for medicare expense standard fitting patients with respiratory system diseases in Sichuan province.Methods 280 717 cases of respiratory system diseases were sampled from the homepages of medical records of general hospitals in Sichuan.These cases were grouped by means of the exhaustive chi-square automatic interaction detector in the decision tree model and the medicare costs standard was derived using the relative-ratio weighting coefficient.Results The main classification nodes of respiratory diseases were age and patient clinical complexity level (PCCL).Patients were classified into 158 disease diagnosis related groups, including 122 DRGs of internal medicine and 36 DRGs in surgical medicine.The max relative-ratio weighting coefficient was 14.04 and the min one was 0.29.And the extreme inpatients' expenses can affect the identification of classification nodes, calculation of relative weighting coefficient and medicare cost standard.Conclusions Large sample size is advantageous in establishing DRGs and calculating the medicare costs standard based on relative-ratio weighting coefficient.It is however imperative to strengthen monitoring on extreme inpatients' costs and control the homepage quality of medical records.

Primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is a chronic myeloproliferative disorder in human bonemarrow. Over 50% of patients with myelofibrosis have mutations in JAK2, MPL, or CALR. However,these mutations are rarely detected in children, suggesting a difference in the pathogenesis ofchildhood PMF. In this study, we investigated the response to drug treatment of a monozygotic twinpair with typical childhood PMF. The twin exhibited different clinical outcomes despite following the same treatment regimen. The transcriptomic profiles of patient samples after drug treatment (E2and Y2) were significantly different between the twin pair, which is consistent with the observationthat the drug treatment was effective only in the younger brother, despite the twin being geneticallyidentical. Bioinformatics analysis of the drug-responsive genes showed that the JAK-STAT pathwaywas activated in the cured younger brother, which is opposite to the pathway inhibitionobserved in adult PMF cases following treatment. Moreover, apoptosis and cell cycle processes wereboth significantly influenced by drug treatment in the sample of younger brother (Y2), implyingtheir potential association with the pathogenesis of childhood PMF. Gene mutations in JAK2,MPL, or CALR were not observed; however, mutations in genes including SRSF2 and SF3B1occurred in this twin pair with childhood PMF. Gene fusion events were extensively screened inthe twin pair samples and the occurrence of IGLV2-14-IGLL5 gene fusion was confirmed. The currentstudy reported at transcriptomic level the different responses of monozygotic twin brothers withchildhood PMF to the same androgen/prednisone treatment regimen providing new insights into thepotential pathogenesis of childhood PMF for further research and clinical applications.

Objective To explore the applicable conditions for using urine uranium monitoring data to assess personal internal doses with a view to providing references for the occupational health management and the urine uranium monitoring in nuclear industry sector.Methods The urine uranium levels were calculated, through simulation calculation set at 1 mSv effective dose arising from either acute or chronic ingestion of uranium compounds.The results were compared with the monitoring values of workers without occupational exposure history.The feasibility of urine uranium monitoring for dose assessment of internal radiation exposure was discussed.Results For special monitoring of acute ingestion, liquid fluorimetry can meet monitoring requirements of Type F uranium compound, Type M low enriched uranium and Type S naturally occurring uranium.For routine monitoring, only Type F low enriched uranium and Type M naturally occurring uranium can be detected at shorter monitoring intervals, But it was not suitable for Type S uranium compounds.Conclusions Background levels and detection limits should be considered when urine uranium is measured for the purpose of assessment or control of exposure to uranium and the interpretation of the results.

OBJECTIVETo investigate pathologic and differential diagnostic features of pediatric Burkitt lymphoma (BL).

METHODSA total of 20 cases of pediatric BL were retrospectively reviewed for their clinical and pathologic profiles. Bone marrow aspiration specimens were available in all cases and bone marrow biopsies were available for immunohistochemical study in 18 cases. Flow cytometry study was available in 16 cases. MYC translocation by FISH method was performed in 11 cases.

RESULTSAtypical lymphocytes with cytoplasmic vacuoles were found in bone marrow smears in all 20 cases and peripheral blood films in all 19 available cases. The bone marrow biopsies showed infiltration by uniform medium-sized atypical lymphocytes with multiple small nucleoli but without the starry-sky pattern in all 18 cases. Immunohistochemistry showed the following results in all 18 cases: positive for CD20, PAX-5, CD10, CD34 and TdT, but negative for bcl-2 and CD3 with Ki-67 > 95%.Flow cytometry showed CD19+CD20+CD10+FMC7+CD22+TdT-CD3- in 16 cases, including κ+ in 8 cases, λ+ in 7 cases, and κ-λ- in 1 case. MYC gene rearrangement by FISH was observed in 10 of the 11 cases.

CONCLUSIONSThe histopathology of BL is distinct, including atypical lymphocytes with cytoplasmic vacuoles in bone marrow aspirate, lack of starry-sky patternin bone marrow biopsy. Generally, the diagnosis should be made with a combined immunophenotype and FISH approach. Pediatric BL must be distinguished from DLBCL and B-cell lymphoma, unclassifiable, which has intermediate features between DLBCL and Burkitt lymphoma.

Biopsy ; Bone Marrow ; pathology ; Burkitt Lymphoma ; genetics ; pathology ; Child ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Flow Cytometry ; Genes, myc ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Immunophenotyping ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Lymphocytes ; pathology ; Lymphoma, B-Cell ; pathology ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; pathology ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Translocation, Genetic