Humans ; Staphylococcus lugdunensis/genetics* ; Peptides, Cyclic ; Chromosomes ; Operon/genetics* ; Staphylococcal Infections/genetics* ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics* ; Anti-Bacterial Agents

Humans ; COVID-19 ; Quarantine ; Renal Dialysis ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Hospitals

In order to obtain virus-like particles (VLPs) for prevention of bovine viral diarrhea virus 1 (BVDV-1), the C-E^rns-E1-E2 region was cloned into a pFastBacDaul vector for generating the recombinant Bacmid-BVDV-1 in DH10Bac Escherichia coli. The recombinant baculovirus Baculo-BVDV-1 was produced by transfecting the Sf9 cells with Bacmid-BVDV-1. The expressed protein and the assembled VLPs were determined by immunofluorescence, Western blotting and electron microscopy. Guinea pigs were immunized with inactivated VLPs coupled with the Montanide ISA-201 adjuvant. The immunogenicity of VLPs was evaluated by monitoring the humoral immune response with neutralizing antibody titer determination, as well as by analyzing the cell-mediated immune response with lymphocyte proliferation assay. The protective efficacy of VLPs was evaluated by challenging with 10⁶ TCID₅₀ virulent BVDV-1 strain AV69. The results showed that the recombinant Baculo-BVDV-1 efficiently expressed BVDV structural protein and form VLPs in infected Sf9 cells. The immunization of guinea pigs with VLPs resulted in a high titer (1:144) of neutralizing antibody, indicating an activated cellular immunity. Significantly lower viral RNA in the blood of the post-challenged immunized guinea pigs was observed. The successful preparation of BVDV VLPs with insect cell expression system and the observation of the associated immunogenicity may facilitate further development of a VLPs-based vaccine against BVD.
Animals ; Antibodies, Viral ; Diarrhea ; Diarrhea Virus 1, Bovine Viral ; Guinea Pigs ; Mineral Oil ; Viral Envelope Proteins ; Viral Vaccines

Objective To investigate the expression of proline rich tyrosine kinase 2 (Pyk2) in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer,and analyze its correlation to clinicopathologic features and prognosis of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.Methods 114 surgical specimens and 50 normal bladder mucosa specimens were collected from 114 non-muscle invasive bladder cancer patients who underwent TURBT at our hospital,from June 2013 to March 2018.Of the 114 patients,63 were male and 51 were female,aged 42-87 years,average age of (63.6 ± 13.8) years,73 cases of tumor ＜3 cm,41 cases of tumor ≥3 cm,83 cases were single and 31 cases were multiple tumor,53 cases were high grade and 61 cases were low grade,59 cases were Ta and 55 cases were T1 stage.Pyk2 protein expression was detected by immunohistochemistry and western blot.The correlation of the expression of Pyk2 with clinicopathologic features,including gender,age,tumor size,the number of tumors,histological grade and clinical stage were analyzed.Survival analysis was calculated by using the Kaplan-Meier method,and the difference in survival curve was analyzed by using the log-rank test.Association of Pyk2 expression with prognosis of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer analyzed by using the Cox proportional hazards regression model.Results Compared with normal bladder tissues,expression of Pyk2 protein was increased in bladder cancer tissue significantly(0.571 ±0.230 vs.0.253 ± 0.152,P ＜0.01).The expression of Pyk2 protein was closely related to clinical stage(P =0.027) and grade(P =0.010),rather than gender (P =0.275),age (P =0.419),tumor size (P =0.317),and tumor number(P =0.208).The recurrence rate in the Pyk2 positive group and negative group were 46.1％ (35/76)and 28.9％ (11/38)respectively.The progression rate in the Pyk2 positive group and negative group were 35.5％ (27/76) and 10.5 ％ (4/38) respectively.Survival analysis suggested expression of Pyk2 in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer had a significant relation to recurrence-free survival rate(P ＜0.001) and progression-free survival rate(P =0.003).In the multivariable Cox analysis,we found that Pyk2 protein was an independent predictor of recurrence-free survival rate(HR 0.245,95％ CI 0.078-0.768,P =0.016) and progression-free survival rate (HR 0.095,95％ CI 0.012-0.764,P =0.027).Conclusions The expression of Pyk2 in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer was significantly increased.The expression of Pyk2 has a significant relation to recurrence and progression of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.High Pyk2 expression is an independent prognostic factor in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.

Objective: Human rhinovirus A21 (HRVA21) with mutations in antigenic gene has been reported causing severe human infections. This study aimed to investigate intensively the pathogenesis of HRVA21 by identifying the characteristics of neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) distribution. Methods: Virus stock was isolated from HRVA21-positive respiratory specimens. The tissue culture infective dose 50 (TCID₅₀) was applied. Sera from healthy volunteers in different age groups were used to analyze the NAbs by using the diluted serum and fixed viral TCID₅₀. Results: We obtained the HRVA21 virus stock and its whole genome sequences shared 100% similarity to the used clinical sample. In the 379 collected serum samples, the positive rates of NAbs were 21.7%, 14.1%, 28.2%, 25.4%, 27.9% and 20.7% in age groups of 0-5 y, 5-14 y, 15-25 y, 26-45 y, 46-60 y and > 60 y, respectively. In age groups of >5-14 y and 15-25 y, the positive rate of NAbs showed significantly different (χ²=4.68454, P=0.03044). Higher geometric mean titers were found in 15-25 y group compared to 5-14 y age groups (P=0.0313). Conclusions The low level of HRVA21 NAbs in different age groups indicated a low epidemic of HRV21 infection and high susceptability to infections by the virus.

Objective To investigate the micro -channel percutaneous nephrolithotomy under ultrasound guidance in clinical studies of renal calculi in non -dilated collecting system.Methods Clinical data of 126 patients with renal calculi in non -dilated collecting system treated by ultrasound -guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy microchannel were retrospectively analyzed.Ureteroscopy up to the renal pelvis or ureter segment,zebra guide wire was placed along the guide wire indwelling ureteral catheter end connected to the blood transfusion needle while external saline suspension 100cm.Ultrasound -guided puncture target cup,established 16 -18F channel percutaneous nephro-lithotomy,ureteroscopy downlink percutaneous nephrolithotomy lithotripsy.The clinical data of operation time,stone clearance rate,blood loss,complications were analyzed.Results 124 patients with successful puncture,puncture fail-ure in two patients,conversion to open surgery.118 cases of successful implementation of a single -channel stone, nine cases of postoperative residual stones was found,again two stone surgery in 6 cases,3 cases refused surgery again;six cases were due to stones larger load,operation time exceeded 2h,to 2 stage of stone surgery in 4 cases, 2 cases changed to standard channel.Operation time was 30 -150min,average 78min.A stone clearance rate was 87.3%,summarize stone clearance rate was 95.2%(118 /124).Postoperative hemoglobin level decreased to (16.0 ± 7.6)g/L,7 patients with postoperative bleeding more blood transfusion 400 -800mL,none embolization.4 cases of postoperative fever,septic shock in 1 case,1 case of pneumothorax.Conclusion The micro -channel percutaneous nephrolithotomy under ultrasound guidance in the treatment of renal calculi in non -dilated collecting system is safe and feasible,it is the preferred method of treating renal calculi in non -dilated collecting system.

Objective To compare the efficacy of three endoscopic surgery in impacted upper ureteral calculi treatment.Methods 218 patients with impacted upper ureteral calculi were treated with minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy (MPCNL),transurethral ureteroscope lithotripsy(URL)and retroperitoneal laparoscopic urerolithotomy (RLU)respectively.The operation safety,efficacy and complication were compared in the three groups.Results In the MPCNL group,URL group,RLU group one success rate of lithotripsy were 100.00%,85.19%,100.00% respec-tively.The mean operative time were (76.35 ±16.20)min,(46.26 ±15.30)min,(89.20 ±19.60)min respectively. Decreased hemoglobin values were (22.24 ±8.63)g/L,(4.15 ±1.89)g/L,(10.68 ±4.55)g/L respectively.The stone -free rates of one month postoperation were 96.32%,79.59%,100.00%.Length of hospital stay were (8.56 ± 2.13)d,(6.58 ±1.76)d,(9.79 ±2.14)d,respectively,the differences were statistically significant(t/χ2 =36.916, 27.629,all P <0.05).Conclusion MPCNL and URL for impacted upper ureteral calculi is safety and has good efficacy and less complications,but the MPCNL is recommended the first choice,some cases can try URL.

The maxillary sinus is the largest paranasal sinuses. Foreign bodies of nosal sinus can caused by car accidents, firearm attacks, or iatrogeniccause. We reported two rare cases of foreign body of pulp needle and loach. The clinical manifestations might include facial numbness, facial paresthesia, swelling, nasal congestion, facial pain, eye discomfort, limited mouth opening and relapse and etc. Both CT scan and the medical history were helpful in diagnosis. Functional endoscopic surgery would be the first choice of treatment.
Chronic Disease ; Endoscopy ; Facial Pain ; Foreign Bodies ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Maxillary Sinus ; pathology ; Paranasal Sinus Diseases ; etiology ; pathology ; Paresthesia ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

BACKGROUNDNovel influenza A viruses of avian-origin may be the precursors of pandemic strains. This descriptive study aims to introduce a novel avian-origin influenza A (H10N8) virus which can infect humans and cause severe diseases.

METHODSCollecting clinical data of three cases of human infection with a novel reassortment avian influenza A (H10N8) virus in Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China.

RESULTSThree cases of human infection with a new reassortment avian influenza A(H10N8) virus were described, of which two were fatal cases, and one was severe case. These cases presented with severe pneumonia that progressed to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and intractable respiratory failure.

CONCLUSIONThis novel reassortment avian influenza A (H10N8) virus in China resulted in fatal human infections, and should be added to concerns in clinical practice.

Aged ; Antiviral Agents ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Fluoroquinolones ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Imipenem ; therapeutic use ; Influenza A Virus, H10N8 Subtype ; drug effects ; pathogenicity ; Influenza, Human ; complications ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oseltamivir ; therapeutic use

BACKGROUNDThe extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae has increasingly become a major contributor to nosocomial infections and can exhibit multiple antibiotic resistance. Previous studies have focused on the resistance genes in ESBL-producing strains, and the resistance-associated genetic environment of non-ESBL-producing strains has been ignored until now. Here, we investigated the occurrence and characteristics of non-ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae, which potentially carries unexpressed resistance genes.

METHODSK. pneumoniae strains were collected from five medical institutions in China from February 2010 to August 2013. The VITEK-2 ESBL detection system was used as a primary screen to identify the ESBL-producing phenotype, and the three primary types of ESBL-associated genes (CTX, SHV, and TEM) were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to confirm the strains presenting with a non-ESBL-producing phenotype. mRNA expression in the non-ESBL-producing strains was further screened by reverse-transcription PCR (RT-PCR) to validate their transcriptional efficiency.

RESULTSOut of 224 clinically isolated antibiotic-sensitive K. pneumoniae strains with a non-ESBL-producing phenotype, 5 (2.2%) were identified to carry inactivated ESBL blaSHV genes with intact upstream promoter regions and resistance gene sequences. Interestingly, three of the five antibiotic-sensitive K. pneumoniae strains containing ESBL blaSHV genes still exhibited mRNA transcription of blaSHV, while the other two exhibited no mRNA transcription.

CONCLUSIONThese findings suggest that inactivated ESBL genes exist in non-ESBL-producing antibiotic-sensitive K. pneumoniae strains, which have the potential to transform the strain into an ESBL phenotype if an inappropriate application or overdose of antibiotics is implemented during clinical management.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; China ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ; genetics ; Humans ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; drug effects ; enzymology ; genetics ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; beta-Lactamases ; genetics