With the widespread use of antimicrobial agents, bacterial drug resistance has become an increasingly severe issue, posing significant challenges to global healthcare. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has emerged as a research focus in the field of bacterial resistance due to its broad sources, high safety profile, low toxicity, and antimicrobial mechanisms distinct from those of chemical drugs. Studies have shown that various TCM herbs, such as Scutellaria baicalensis, exert antibacterial effects through multiple pathways, including disrupting the integrity of bacterial cell walls and membranes, inhibiting nucleic acid and protein synthesis, and impairing energy production and metabolism. Additionally, certain TCM herbs, including Scutellaria baicalensis, Coptis chinensis, and Fritillaria thunbergii, can reverse antimicrobial resistance by eliminating resistant plasmids, inhibiting bacterial efflux pump function, and suppressing β-lactamase activity. TCM holds promising potential for antibacterial applications and synergistically reversing antimicrobial resistance, though systematic analyses remain limited. This review summarizes the mechanisms of antibacterial action of TCM and current research on its synergistic use with antimicrobial agents to reverse drug resistance, aiming to provide insights for developing novel TCM-based antimicrobials and addressing bacterial resistance.

BACKGROUND:Pro-kin balance system guidance has a relatively excellent rehabilitation effect on lower extremity proprioception and trunk control in stroke patients,but its effect on knee proprioception and balance function in patients after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction has been less reported. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of rehabilitation training guided by Pro-kin balance system on proprioception and balance function of the affected knee after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. METHODS:A total of 84 patients who underwent anterior cruciate ligament rupture reconstruction surgery were randomly divided into observation group and control group,with 42 patients in each group.The patients in the control group received routine rehabilitation intervention after surgery,and those in the observation group were given rehabilitation training based on the guidance of Pro-kin balance system.The training in each group lasted for 8 weeks.Lysholm score and International Knee Documentation Committee score were used to evaluate the change of knee joint function before and after the intervention.Average weight-bearing strength difference,trajectory error,swing value and 30°,45° and 60° passive angulation errors of the affected knee joint were used to evaluate the changes in the proprioception of the affected knee.The area and length of motion trajectory under open and closed eyes were used to evaluate the change of balance function.The satisfaction of patients in both groups with this rehabilitation training was investigated. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:After training,Lysholm score and International Knee Documentation Committee score of patients in both groups were significantly higher than those before training(P<0.01),and the above scores in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.01).After training,the average weight-bearing strength difference,trajectory error and swing value of the two groups were significantly lower than those before training(P<0.01),and the above scores in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.01).After training,the passive angulation errors of 30°,45° and 60° of the affected knee joints in both groups were significantly lower than those before training(P<0.01),and those in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).After training,the area and length of motion trajectory in both groups with eyes open were significantly smaller than those before training(P<0.01),and the above indicators in the observation group were significantly smaller than those in the control group(P<0.05,P<0.01).After training,the area and length of the movement track of the patients in both groups with eyes closed were significantly smaller than those before training(P<0.01),and the above indicators in the observation group were significantly smaller than those in the control group(P<0.01).The satisfaction of patients in the observation group was 95,which was significantly higher than 81%in the control group(P<0.05).To conclude,compared with the conventional rehabilitation training,the rehabilitation training based on Pro-kin balance system is more effective in improving the function,proprioception and balance function of the affected knee joints of patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament rupture reconstruction,and the patients'satisfaction is higher.

Objective:To analyze the related factors that affect the occurrence of femoral head necrosis in patients with femoral neck fracture after surgery, and to build a nomogram predictive model.Methods:Using a retrospective study method, 180 patients with femoral neck fracture who were admitted to Hainan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from June 2019 to October 2021 were selected as the study objects. According to whether the patients had femoral head necrosis, they were divided into the occurrence group (75 cases) and the non occurrence group (105 cases). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value; Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors of postoperative femoral head necrosis; internal data were used to verify the clinical efficacy of nomogram model.Results:There was no significant difference in age, sex, body mass index and other general data between the two groups ( P>0.05); compared with the non occurrence group, Garden fracture in the occurrence group was mostly classified as type Ⅲ or Ⅳ, and more patients with preoperative traction, fracture displacement and unsatisfactory reduction quality, and the time from trauma to surgery was longer ( P>0.05). The area under curve of the time from trauma to surgery was 0.766 (95% CI 0.697 to 0.826), and the optimal cutoff value was 42 h; Garden fracture classification (type Ⅲ or Ⅳ), preoperative traction (yes), fracture displacement (yes), reduction quality (unsatisfactory) and time from trauma to surgery (>42 h) were the risk factors affecting the postoperative femoral head necrosis in patients with femoral neck fracture ( P<0.05). The risk of femoral head necrosis predicted by nomogram model was 0.802 (95% CI 0.692 to 0.873). The risk threshold of femoral head necrosis predicted by the model was >0.09, and nomogram model provides clinical net income. Conclusions:Garden fracture classification (type Ⅲ or Ⅳ), preoperative traction (yes), fracture displacement (yes), reduction quality (unsatisfactory) and time from trauma to surgery (>42 h) are the risk factors affecting the postoperative femoral head necrosis in patients with femoral neck fracture, and the nomogram model based on variables has a better predictive ability.

OBJECTIVES: Health workers are at risk of workplace violence, which can seriously affects their mental health and work status. This study aims to explore the mediating role of depression between workplace violence and job burnout among healthcare workers. METHODS: From January 10 to February 5, 2019, a questionnaire was distributed to frontline healthcare workers through the wenjuanxing platform using convenient sampling (snowball sampling). The questionnaire included the Chinese version of the Workplace Violence Scale, Maslach Burnout Inventory, and Patient Health Questionnaires (PHQ-2). Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and mediation model tests were conducted on the cross-sectional data collection. RESULTS: The study included 3 684 participants, with (31.63±7.69) years old. Among them 2 079(56.43%) were experienced workplace violence, 687(18.65%) were screened positive for depression, and 2 247(60.99%) were experienced high levels of occupational burnout. Correlation analysis showed positive association between workplace violence and depression, workplace violence and occupational burnout, depression and occupational burnout (r=0.135, r=0.107, r=0.335, respectively, all P<0.001). After controlling for covariates, workplace violence had an indirect effect on occupational burnout through depression, with a standardized coefficient of 0.25 (SE=0.02, 95% CI 0.21 to 0.28), accounting for 13.87% of the total effect. CONCLUSIONS The study highlights the close relationship between workplace violence, depression, and occupational burnout among healthcare workers, with depression acting as a mediator between workplace violence and occupational burnout. This study suggests that it is necessary to improve the communication skills of healthcare workers, increase the installation of security systems and emergency plans, use new media platforms to convey positive energy between doctors and patients, and open channels for medical consultation and complaints. It is also necessary to provide guidance for healthcare workers' depressive emotions. Addressing depression among health care workers will help reduce the harm caused by workplace violence, protect the physical and mental health of healthcare workers, and reduce work burnout.
Humans ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Burnout, Professional ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Depression/epidemiology* ; Workplace Violence ; Burnout, Psychological ; Health Personnel

Objective:To analyze the literature of Ilizarov methods, visualizing and discussing the research status, research hotspots and research trends.Methods:A bibliometric study on Ilizarov methods was performed. Using keyword "Ilizarov" and the Chinese translations to retrieve Chinese publications from CNKI database, Wanfang DATA, VIP database and SinoMed database. Using keywords "Ilizarov method, Ilizarov technique, Ilizarov treatment" to retrieve English publications from Web of Science Core Collection database before January 2021, extracting the information including author, journal, country, institution, keywords and cited times. Using the tools of bibliometrics and VOSviewer to analyze the data and draw knowledge maps.Results:A total of 1 789 Chinese publications and 1 709 English publications were included. USA, UK and China were on the top 3 list of the number of publications. Orthopaedic Journal of China, Chinese Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma, Chinese Journal of Reparative and Reconstructive Surgery, Chinese Journal of Orthopaedics, and Chinese Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery published the most literature. 7 English journals were identified as core journals in the field of Ilizarov methods, among which Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research, Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (British Volume), International Orthopaedics were JCR Q1 journals. According to the visualized keywords co-occurrence clusteranalysis, the research topics in Chinese literature could be sorted into 6 clusters, the latest hotspots were bone nonunion caused by infection and the treatment for the diabetic foot. In the English literature, the research topics could be sorted into 4 clusters, while the latest topics were infected and posttraumatic bone defects. Conclusion:The number of research on Ilizarov methods is increasing around the world, researches from China are gradually becoming one of the main forces. The research trends at home and at abroad are the same in essentials while differing in minor points, and researches with Chinese characteristics are developing. The strengthening of international cooperation is essential to the development of Ilizarov methods.

Objective:To analyze characteristics and trends of histopathological diagnosis of adult renal biopsy in Beijing from 2008 to 2020.Methods:A total of 4 652 cases of adult renal biopsy were collected from three hospitals in Beijing between 2008 and 2020. The patients were divided into three age groups: 18-40 years, 40-65 years and≥ 65 years; and also divided into three period: 2008-2011, 2012-2015, and 2016-2020. The pathological characteristics and changes of renal biopsy were analyzed in three age groups at different periods.Results:Among 4 652 cases primary glomerular disease accounted for 81.8%, the membranous nephropathy (MN, 32.4%, 1 509/4 652), IgA nephropathy (IgAN, 29.2%, 1 356/4 652) and minor glomerular abnormalities (MGA, 11.3%, 526/4 652) were the top three pathological types. The overall proportion of MN and diabetic nephropathy (DN) increased from 20.3% and 2.3% in 2008-2011 to 37.3% and 10.1% in 2016-2020) (χ2=99.9 and 96.1, both P<0.01), respectively. For age group 18-40 years, the MN and DN increased from 11.2% and 1.6% in 2008-2011 to 24.7% and 5.5% in 2016-2020 (χ2=32.7 and 20.7, both P<0.01), respectively. For age group 40-65 years the MN and DN increased from 26.6% and 3.2% in 2008-2011 to 41.5% and 13.1% in 2016-2020 (χ2=39.1 and 57.3, both P<0.01), respectively. For age group≥65 years the MN was the most common pathological type in the three periods, fluctuating between 41.3% and 55.0% (χ2=5.2, P=0.08); and DN increased from 0(0/63) in 2008-2011 to 7.5%(22/292) in 2016-2020 (χ2=8.1, P=0.02). Conclusion:The renal biopsy data show that membranous nephropathy and diabetic nephropathy are the most common primary and secondary adult glomerular diseases in Beijing recently.

Obesity is a health problem of great concern to the whole society. Numerous studies have shown that obesity can lead to changes in the types and numbers of immune cell subsets and immune molecules in visceral adipose tissues, and IL-33/ST2 plays a crucial role in maintaining immune homeostasis. This paper reviewed the regulatory effects of IL-33/ST2 on adipocytes and immune cells in adipose tissues, as well as the changes of IL-33 in adipose tissues and the whole body during obesity in recent years.

Objective To discuss the effect of the appointment checkup process optimized with the theory of constraints in shortening the appointment waiting time. Methods The patients who underwent ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging examination, and CT examinations were selected from the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from March 2017 to February 2018. Firstly, we applied the theory of constraints to investigate and analyze the status of medical technology examinations. Secondly, we optimized the process according to the results of the investigation. Finally, we compared the appointment duration of medical examinations before and after the optimization. Results Thanks to support of departments involved, the longest ultrasonography appointment waiting time was reduced from 3. 74 days to 1. 32 days. The longest appointment time for magnetic resonance imaging examination was reduced from 3. 74 days to 1. 33 days. The longest appointment waiting time for CT was reduced from 2. 62 days to 1. 55 days, and the goal of completing the checkup the day after the prescription was reached in the continuous improvement phase. Conclusions The optimization of the medical technology examination appointment process based on the constraint theory can effectively shorten the checkup appointment duration, maximize utilization of medical resources and optimize the services.

Inflammation is part of the body′s response to invading pathogens and a crucial process in the maintenance of homeostasis .A variety of regulatory mechanisms are involved in inflammation process to limit the damage caused by excessive immune response to the host .Previous studies have shown that insu-lin resistance , type 2 diabetes , liver fibrosis and cardiovascular disease are caused by persistent chronic in-flammation in metabolic tissue (brain, fat, liver, pancreas, etc), especially in adipose tissue.However, the underlying mechanisms of these conditions have not been fully understood .The role of innate and adap-tive immune cells in these diseases attracts increasing attention .In this review, we will focus on the role of various immune cells in adipose tissue in the initiation and development of inflammation and discuss the effi -cacy of potential anti-inflammatory therapies based on their mechanisms .

Objective To investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of DOPA decarboxylase (DDC) and dopamine receptor-1 (DRD1) and clinical phenotype feature in autistic children.Methods TaqMan probes real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to determine genotype and allele of SNPs of DDC gene (rs6592961) and DRD1 (rs251937) gene in 97 autism children.The Children Autism Rating Scale (CARS) was used to evaluate clinical phenotype feature.Results There was no significant difference in the distribution of the allelic frequency and genotype between mild-medium group and severe group of CARS scores (P ＞ 0.05).For DDC gene (rs6592961),significant difference was found in subscale between genotypes G/G and A/A (P =0.043).For DRD1 gene (rs251937),significant difference was found in subscale between genotypes T/T and C/C (P =0.029).Conclusions In DDC gene (rs6592961),the children with G/G genotype were more obvious than the children with A/A genotype.In DRD1 gene (rs251937),the children with T/T genotype were more obvious than the children with C/C genotype.