OBJECTIVES: To explore the relationship between the height of alveolar bone resorption and sex and age in the adolescent dentition. METHODS: Multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) was used to measure the height of alveolar bone resorption at labial, lingual, mesial and distal sites of teeth in 149 adolescents aged from 10 to 20 years. SPSS 25.0 software was used to analyze the relationship between the height of alveolar bone resorption and sex and age. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the height of alveolar bone resorption between sex (P>0.05). The height of alveolar bone resorption was positively correlated with age in all types of teeth. The model constructed by combining the alveolar bone resorption height data of four sites (y=2.569x₁+3.106x₂+4.108x₃+1.451x₄-0.082, R²_max=0.756)had a better ability to infer age than that of combining two sites (y=5.942x₁+4.489x₂+0.612, R²_max=0.706) and a single site (R²_max=0.638). CONCLUSIONS The height of alveolar bone resorption is positively correlated with the age of adolescents. The combination of four sites has a stronger ability to infer the relationship between the height of alveolar bone resorption and age in adolescents and has higher accuracy in practical application.
Humans ; Adolescent ; Child ; Young Adult ; Adult ; Alveolar Process/diagnostic imaging* ; Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Bone Resorption/diagnostic imaging* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most globally prevalent cancers in the world. The pathogenesis of GC has not been fully elucidated, and there still lacks effective targeted therapeutics. The influence of altered kinesin superfamily protein 22 (KIF22) expression in GC progression is still unclearly. The aim of this study was to investigate the KIF22 effects on GC and related mechanisms. METHODS: Gastric carcinoma tissues and matching non-cancerous tissues were collected from patients with GC who have accepted a radical gastrectomy in Lanzhou University Second Hospital from May 2013 to December 2014. The expression of KIF22 was examined in GC of 67 patients and 20 para-carcinoma tissues by immunochemical staining. The relationship between the expression of KIF22 and clinicopathologic characteristics was next investigated in the remaining 52 patients except for 15 patients who did not complete follow-up for 5 years. Cell viability was performed via 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) test and colony formation assay in the MGC-803 and BGC-823 GC cells. Cell scratch and trans-well invasion assay was performed to assess migration ability in the MGC-803 and BGC-823 GC cells. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) pathway enrichment analysis was performed to explore the potential functions. Cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry. In addition, the two GC cell lines were used to elucidate the underlying mechanism of KIF22 in GC in vitro via assessing the effects on mitogen-activated protein kinase and extracellular regulated protein kinases (MAPK/ERK) signal transduction pathway-related expressions by Western blotting assays. The differences were compared by t tests, one-way analysis of variance, and Chi-squared tests. RESULTS: The study showed that KIF22 was up-regulated in GC, and KIF22 high expression was significantly related to differentiation degree (χ = 12.842, P = 0.002) and poorly overall survivals. GSEA pathway enrichment analysis showed that KIF22 was correlated with the cell cycle. Silence of KIF22 decreased the ability of the proliferation and migration in gastric cells, induced G1/S phase cell cycle arrest via regulating the MAPK-ERK pathways. CONCLUSIONS KIF22 protein level was negatively correlated with prognosis. KIF22 knockdown might inhibit proliferation and metastasis of GC cells via the MAPK-ERK signaling pathway.

【Objective】To study retrospectively the serum hepatitis B surface antigen（HBsAg）and HBsAg normal⁃ ized to the same hepatic parenchyma cell volume（HPCV），namely，the same hepatic cell quantities，between HBeAg- positive and HBeAg-negative chronic hepatitis B（CHB）.【Methods】A total of 168 CHB patients who had undergone liv⁃ er biopsy and test of serum HBsAg levels due to their disease in the Third Affiliated Hospital of SunYat-sen University were selected as the study subjects. The serum HBsAg levels，as well as HBsAg levels normalized to HPCV（hepatic cell quantities）were compared between HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative CHB，respectively.【Results】There was statis⁃ tically significant difference in serum HBsAg levels between HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative CHB（P = 0.028）， while there was no statistical difference in HBsAg normalized to HPCV（P = 0.073）. There were no correlations between serum HBsAg and liver inflammation grades（HBeAg-positive：r s = 0.020，P = 0.876 & HBeAg-negative：r s = 0.037，P =0.711）. Similarly，there were no correlations between HBsAg and hepatic fibrosis stages（HBeAg-positive：r s = 0.087， P = 0.488 & HBeAg-negative：r s = 0.144，P = 0.148）. Nevertheless，statistically significant positive correlations were shown between HBsAg normalized to HPCV and liver inflammation grades（HBeAg-positive：r s = 0.309，P = 0.012 & HBeAg-negative：r s = 0.389，P < 0.001）. Similarly，the HBsAg normalized to HPCV and hepatic fibrosis stages were shown to be statistically significantly correlated（HBeAg-positive：r s = 0.490，P < 0.001 & HBeAg-negative：r s = 0.599， P < 0.001）.【Conclusions】Serum HBsAg normalized to HPCV but not HBsAg levels，is correlated with liver inflamma⁃ tion grades as well as hepatic fibrosis stages positively in both HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative CHB. But there is no difference in serum HBsAg levels normalized to HPCV between HBeAg-positive and HBeAg-negative CHB.

PURPOSE: This study differentiates patient and care delays of breast cancer and explores the related factors as well as the associations with the prognosis in Guangzhou, a southern city of China. METHODS: A cohort of female incident breast cancer patients (n=1,551) was recruited from October 2008 to March 2012 and followed up until January 1, 2016 (n=1,374) in the affiliated hospitals of Sun Yat-sen University. The factors associated with patient and care delays were analyzed with multivariable logistic models. Cox proportional hazards regression models were constructed to estimate the impacts of the delays on the prognosis. RESULTS: There were 40.4% patient delay (≥3 months) and 15.5% care delay (≥1 month). The patient delay, but not the care delay, was significantly related to the clinical stage and consequently worsened the prognosis of breast cancer (hazard ratio, 1.45; 95% confidence interval, 1.09 to 1.91 for progression-free survival). The factors related to an increased patient delay included premenopausal status, history of benign breast disease, and less physical examination. CONCLUSION: Patient delay was the main type of delay in Guangzhou and resulted in higher clinical stage and poor prognosis of breast cancer. Screening for breast cancer among premenopausal women may be an effective way to reduce this delay.
Breast Diseases ; Breast Neoplasms ; Breast ; China ; Cohort Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Mass Screening ; Physical Examination ; Prognosis ; Solar System

OBJECTIVE: To study the promoting-apoptosis effect of HDAC6 on the human leukemia cells and its mechanism. METHODS: The siRNA interference technology was used to inhibit the expression of HDAC6 gene, the RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the expression of HDAC6 and related signal pathway proteins respectively, the flow cytometry and Hoechest staining were used to detect the apoptosis and morphology changes of K562 cells. RESULTS: Compared with the periphal blood monocyte and bone marrow stromal cells of healthy volunteers, the expression level of HDAC6 in leukemia cell lines was up-regulated significantly(P<0.05); the flow cytometry and Hoechest staining showed that after interference of HDAC6 gene, the apoptosis of K562 cells increased, moreover the cell morphology was changed; the Western blot detection showed that the interfering HDAC6 increased BAX/BCL-2 ratio and cleaved caspase 3 expression, and activated the MAPK, ATK, ERK signaling pathway. CONCLUSION The interferance of HDAC6 can promote the K562 cell apoptosis, its mechanism may relate with activation of MAPK signaling pathway.
Apoptosis ; Cell Proliferation ; Down-Regulation ; Histone Deacetylase 6 ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Leukemia ; RNA, Small Interfering

OBJECTIVETo investigate the relationship between inflammatory factors and two Chinese medicine (CM) syndrome types of qi stagnation and blood stasis (QSBS) and qi deficiency and blood stasis (QDBS) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS).

METHODSSixty subjects with ACS, whose pathogenesis changes belongs to qi disturbance blood stasis syndrome, were divided into 2 groups: 30 in the QSBS group and 30 in the QDBS group. The comparative analysis on them was carried out through comparing general information, coronary angiography and inflammatory factors including intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), chitinase-3-like protein 1 (YKL-40) and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2).

RESULTSCompared with the QSBS group, Lp-PLA2 and YKL-40 levels in the QDBS group showed no-significant difference (P>0.05); ICAM-1 was significantly higher in the QDBS group than in the QSBS group in the pathological processes of qi disturbance and blood stasis syndrome of ACS (P<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSInflammatory factor ICAM-1 may be an objective basis for syndrome typing of QSBS and QDBS, which provides a research direction for standardization research of CM syndrome types.

DNA barcoding method was conducted for the authentication of pollen materials due to difficulty of discriminating pollen materials bearing morphological similarity. In this study, a specific focus was to identify cattail pollen (Puhuang) and pine pollen (Songhuafen) samples from their adulterants which are frequently mixed-together. Regions of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) from 60 samples were sequenced, and new primers for cattail pollen were designed according to the sequence information. The results from the NJ trees showed that the species of pine pollen, Puhuang and their adulterants can be classified as obvious monophyly. Therefore, we propose to adapt DNA barcoding methodology to accurately distinguish cattail pollen, pine pollen and their adulterant materials. It is a great help for drug regulatory agency to supervise the quality of medicinal materials.
China ; DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ; methods ; DNA, Plant ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer ; genetics ; Drug Contamination ; prevention & control ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; classification ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Pinus ; classification ; genetics ; Pollen ; classification ; genetics ; Quality Control ; Typhaceae ; classification ; genetics

Objective To assess the inlfuence of depth on liver stiffness measurement with real-time shear wave elastography (SWE) and determine the optimal depth for SWE in liver. Methods SWE of liver was performed on 89 healthy volunteers between May 2012 and November 2012. The depths of each liver were varied from 0 cm to 7 cm (from the liver capsule) in 1 cm increment and there were 8 depth groups in total. Then the elastic modulus of liver in each depth group were measured three times by SWE. The body mass index (BMI) and the distance from body surface to liver capsule were documented. The success rates and the mean elastic modulus of each group were calculated. Results The success rates of 0-7 cm were 0, 98.9%(88/89), 98.9%(88/89), 98.9%(88/89), 71.9%(64/89), 24.7%(22/89), 3.4%(3/89) and 0, respectively. The success rates were highest in 1 cm, 2 cm and 3 cm groups but signiifcant decreased with the increasement of depths in 4 cm, 5 cm and 6 cm groups ( 3 cm vs 4 cm, χ2=25.94, P<0.001; 4 cm vs 5 cm, χ2=39.68, P<0.001;5 cm vs 6 cm,χ2=16.79, P<0.001). The mean elastic modulus of 1 cm, 2 cm, 3 cm, 4 cm and 5 cm groups were (4.77±0.99), (4.68±0.99), (4.76±0.95), (5.19±1.10) and (5.41±0.95) kPa, respectively. The mean elastic modulus of 4 cm and 5 cm groups were signiifcant higher than those of 1 cm, 2 cm, 3 cm groups (4 cm vs 1 cm, t=-2.85, P=0.005;4 cm vs 2 cm, t=-3.49, P=0.001;4 cm vs 3 cm, t=-2.76, P=0.006;5 cm vs 1 cm, t=-3.13, P=0.002;5 cm vs 2 cm, t=-3.66, P=0.000;5 cm vs 3 cm, t=-3.05, P=0.003). In the group of 4 cm, the BMI and the distance from body surface to liver capsule of the volunteers performed successfully and unsuccessfully were (20.70±2.87), (22.07±2.42) kg/m2 and (1.45±0.25 ), (1.60±0.29) cm, respectively. In the group of 5 cm, the BMI and the distance from body surface to liver capsule of the volunteers performed successfully and unsuccessfully were (19.82±2.76), (21.49±2.72) kg/m2 and (1.35±0.21), (1.54±0.26) cm respectively. The BMI had no signiifcant difference between the successful and unsuccessful groups (t=-2.83, P=0.108 for 4 cm;t=0.77, P=0.709 for 5 cm), but the distance from body surface to liver capsule was signiifcantly different (t=26.51, P=0.012 for 4 cm;t=79.57, P=0.004 for 5 cm). Conclusions The success rates and elastic modulus were different at different depths. SWE should be performed at the depths of 1-3 cm from the liver capsule.

OBJECTIVETo investigate in vitro characteristics of colony-forming cells (CFC) in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and to compare that in patients with non-severe aplastic anemia (NSAA).

METHODSData of in vitro CFC and correlation with other related laboratory tests in 155 newly diagnosed MDS patients were analyzed retrospectively, and to compare with data of in vitro CFC in 122 newly diagnosed NSAA patients.

RESULTSMedian number of burst-forming units-erythroid (BFU-E) was 9 (0 - 157)/10(5) bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC), colony forming unit-erythroid (CFU-E) 30 (0 - 425)/10(5)BMMNC and colony forming unit-granulocytes/macrophages (CFU-GM) 14 (0 - 125)/10(5)BMMNC in patients with MDS, being significantly lower than those in healthy control; number of BFU-E and/or CFU-E was lower than the lower limit of normal control in 66 cases (42.6%), CFU-GM lower in 3 cases (1.9%) and BFU-E and/or CFU-E with CFU-GM lower in 70 cases (45.2%). Cluster/CFU-GM ratio was significantly lower in low blast group (MDS < 5% blast in bone marrow smear) than that in high blast group (MDS ≥ 5% blast) (0.65 vs 1.0, P = 0.049). In all MDS patients, cluster had positive correlation with each type of CFC (r = 0.415, 0.338, 0.642 for BFU-E, CFU-E, CFU-GM, respectively, P = 0.000), but had negative correlation with neutrophil alkaline phosphatase (N-ALP) positive rate and scores (r(rate) = -0.315, P = 0.001 and r(scores) = -0.257, P = 0.006). The median number of each type of CFC was significantly higher in MDS group than that in NSAA group (BFU-E 9 vs 5/10(5)BMMNC, P = 0.017; CFU-E 30 vs 19.5/10(5)BMMNC, P = 0.023; CFU-GM 14 vs 10/10(5)BMMNC, P = 0.003, respectively). Positive correlation between BFU-E and CFU-E were revealed in both MDS and NSAA group (r(MDS) = 0.712, P = 0.000 and r(NSAA) = 0.757, P = 0.000), with a lower correlation coefficient in MDS (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONSEarly onset MDS present markedly decreased hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC), and particularly in erythroid progenitors extensively and severely. The number of BFU-E, CFU-E and CFU-GM can reflect HPC number in vivo but not stand for normal hematopoietic clones, the number of clusters represent pathologic HPC clones but not exactly leukemic blasts.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Anemia, Aplastic ; pathology ; Bone Marrow Cells ; pathology ; Cells, Cultured ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Granulocyte-Macrophage Progenitor Cells ; cytology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; pathology ; Retrospective Studies ; Stem Cells ; Young Adult

Background Bevacizumab is primarily aimed at pathologic angiogenesis for off-label uses such as the treatment of ocular neovascular disorders.However,as a new anti-fibrotic and anti-angiogenic agent following trabeculectomy,the safety and efficacy of bevacizumab by multiple-time and high-dose subconjunctival injection are still under study.Objective This study was to assess the safety and efficacy of bevacizumab after multiple-time and high-dose subconjunctival injections.Methods Regular trabeculectomy filtration surgery was performed on both eyes of 18 clean New Zealand White rabbits 0.1ml of bevacizumab(25g/L) was subconjunctivally injected intraoperatively and 3,5,7 days postoperatively in the left eyes of rabbits,and no any intervene in the right eyes were as normal controls.Bleb morphology was examined every 2 days and graded based on Moorefield's criteria and compared between the bevacizumab-treated eyes and normal saline(NS) eyes.The animals were sacrificed at 10,20 and 30 days after surgery respectively.The histopathological changes of the blebs were detected by hematoxylin and eosin stain to evaluate the cellular element around the bleb,and Masson stain was used to assess the degree of fibroblast proliferation.The degree of vascularity of bleb was identified by anti-vWf stain.Approval of this protocol was obtained and permitted from People's Hospital Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Peking University.The use of experimental animals complied with the Regulation for the Administration of Affair Concerning Experimental Animals by State Science and Technology Commission.Results Compared to the NS-treated eyes,bevacizumab-treated eyes showed the larger and more diffusely elevated blebs with the significant difference(2.48±0.22cm2 versus 1.73±0.27cm2,t=5.194,P＜0.05).The survival time of the filtration bleb in bevacizumab panel was longer in bevacizumab-treated eyes compared to control eyes,showing a significantly difference between them(21.0±1.56 days versus 12.5±1.97 days,t=3.830,P=0.005).Histological and immunohistochemical analysis confirmed that bleb and adjacent conjunctiva vascularity(A value) was significantly less in bevacizumab-treated eyes than that in control eyes at 20 days after surgery with the difference value 14320.7±4134.9(t=12.275,P＜0.05),and fibroblast deposition value was evidently diminished after bevacizumab treatment at 30 days following surgery in comparison with control eyes with the mean difference 0.27±0.03(t=15.980,P＜0.05＝.Conclusion Repeated subconjunctival injection of bevacizumab can effectively prolong the survival time of bleb in a rabbit model of trabeculectomy and limit the degree and area of vascularization in 30 days following surgery.Bevacizumab inhibit fibroblast-meditated tissue formation significantly in the later phase of vascularization after trabeculectomy.